This book focuses on the spatial distribution of landslide hazards of the Darjeeling Himalayas. Knowledge driven methods and statistical techniques such as frequency ratio model (FRM), information value model (IVM), logistic regression model (LRM), index overlay model (IOM), certainty factor model (CFM), analytical hierarchy process (AHP), artificial neural network model (ANN), and fuzzy logic have been adopted to identify landslide susceptibility. In addition, a comparison between various statistical models were made using success rate cure (SRC) and it was found that artificial neural network model (ANN), certainty factor model (CFM) and frequency ratio based fuzzy logic approach are the most reliable statistical techniques in the assessment and prediction of landslide susceptibility in the Darjeeling Himalayas. The study identified very high, high, moderate, low and very low landslide susceptibility locations to take site-specific management options as well as to ensure developmental activities in theDarjeeling Himalayas. Particular attention is given to the assessment of various geomorphic, geotectonic and geohydrologic attributes that help to understand the role of different factors and corresponding classes in landslides, to apply different models, and to monitor and predict landslides. The use of various statistical and physical models to estimate landslide susceptibility is also discussed. The causes, mechanisms and types of landslides and their destructive character are elaborated in the book. Researchers interested in applying statistical tools for hazard zonation purposes will find the book appealing.
The book, "Breaking Barriers: Exploring Gender Dynamics in Education," explores the complex relationship between gender, society, and education. It navigates the changing environment of educational systems with a focus on shattering gender stereotypes and promoting diversity through in-depth study and perceptive viewpoints. Readers will travel through the historical context of gender roles in education, learning about the advancements that have been accomplished as well as the ongoing obstacles. The book provides a critical analysis of societal norms that have an impact on educational settings, highlighting unconscious biases and structural limitations. "Breaking Barriers" highlights creative strategies and fruitful case studies that have successfully promoted gender equality in education, from classrooms to legislative frameworks. It examines how communities, governments, and educators may work together to create inclusive places that give people power.
This book presents a group of scientists from different angle consistent with their early lives, education and their basic discoveries of scientific investigation. The book has shown scientists not only as researcher but also as humane too, blessed with humour and humanism like us. It is written in very simple language and interesting way so that every reader can easily achieve scientific literacy.
Design of Artificial Human Joints & Organs is intended to present the basics of the normal systems and how, due to aging, diseases or trauma, body parts may need to be replaced with manmade materials. The movement of the body generates forces in various work situations and also internally at various joints, muscles and ligaments. It is essential to figure out the forces, moments, pressure etc to design replacements that manage these stresses without breaking down. The mechanical characterization of the hard and the soft tissues are presented systematically using the principles of solid mechanics. The viscoelastic properties of the tissue will also discussed. This text covers the design science and methodology from concept to blueprint to the final component being replaced. Each chapter will be a brief overview of various joint/organ replacement systems. Engineers working on artificial joints and organs, as well as students of Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering are the main intended audience, however, the pedagogy is simple enough for those who are learning the subject for the first time.
Blockchain and cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin have hogged the headlines for a long time. But after the hype and the money, there is a lot of technical work to be done, and developers in particular need to understand in some depth what foundations they are actually building their project on. There is quite a bit of basic to work in the Block chain which we have to understand, and the general security in p2p networking demands of Blockchain, before diving into the first Blockchain project. All these concepts are explained by simple concepts from scratch. Cryptocurrencies and decentralized applications are extremely popular, but not well understood technically, which is why we are presenting the classifications of all the cryptocurrency topics. This opens the Blockchain application categories, which helps to choose a blockchain use case, followed by a chapter on how to optimize and enhance a Blockchain application. Security is always a concern in decentralized application, which is why we tried to address all the visible concerns in the blockchain technology space and help to build a secure blockchain.
The programming language Fortran dates back to 1957 when a team of IBM engineers released the first Fortran Compiler. During the past 60 years, the language had been revised and updated several times to incorporate more features to enable writing clean and structured computer programs. The present version is Fortran 2018. Since the dawn of the computer era, there had been a constant demand for a “larger” and “faster” machine. To increase the speed there are three hurdles. The density of the active components on a VLSI chip cannot be increased indefinitely and with the increase of the density heat dissipation becomes a major problem. Finally, the speed of any signal cannot exceed the velocity of the light. However, by using several inexpensive processors in parallel coupled with specialized software and hardware, programmers can achieve computing speed similar to a supercomputer. This book can be used to learn the modern Fortran from the beginning and the technique of developing parallel programs using Fortran. It is for anyone who wants to learn Fortran. Knowledge beyond high school mathematics is not required. There is not another book on the market yet which deals with Fortran 2018 as well as parallel programming. FEATURES Descriptions of majority of Fortran 2018 instructions Numerical Model String with Variable Length IEEE Arithmetic and Exceptions Dynamic Memory Management Pointers Bit handling C-Fortran Interoperability Object Oriented Programming Parallel Programming using Coarray Parallel Programming using OpenMP Parallel Programming using Message Passing Interface (MPI) THE AUTHOR Dr Subrata Ray, is a retired Professor, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata.
This book aims to systematically review and design different intelligent control algorithms for the small-signal stability assessment of HPS. With the growing consciousness of global warming and the fast depletion of natural power generation resources, the existing power system is on the verge of transitions to a “hybrid power system (HPS)” integrated with distributed energy resources. The recent results and requirements for the developments of intelligent control algorithms have motivated the authors to introduce this book for extensively analyzing the performance of HPS against unknown/uncertain disturbances. This book introduces fractional-order resilient control methodologies for arresting small-signal instability of HPS. The prospective investigation has been performed on the MATLAB platform. This book is helpful for undergraduate, postgraduate students, and research scholars working in power system stability, control applications, and soft computing in particular.
Understanding India's politics and governance requires an examination of how politics and governance occur in the regional States, which constitute the federal units of India.This book addresses the issues of federalism, power-sharing and constitutional reforms, and their effects on governance in Indian States. Located within the growing literature on new State politics in India, this volume presents a critical, in-depth analysis of politics in Bihar, West Bengal and Tripura — these States being units of analysis for more general implications.What common obstacles have impeded development in each State, and what factors have favored recent, rapid development in some States but not others? The issues of caste conflicts, ethnic conflicts and other collective identity issues will be examined in this book — a pioneer volume with detailed, empirically-based research on the implications of State-centric politics in India.
This book discusses various statistical models and their implications for developing landslide susceptibility and risk zonation maps. It also presents a range of statistical techniques, i.e. bivariate and multivariate statistical models and machine learning models, as well as multi-criteria evaluation, pseudo-quantitative and probabilistic approaches. As such, it provides methods and techniques for RS & GIS-based models in spatial distribution for all those engaged in the preparation and development of projects, research, training courses and postgraduate studies. Further, the book offers a valuable resource for students using RS & GIS techniques in their studies.
Dermoscopy is a non-invasive, widely used diagnostic tool that aids the diagnosis of skin lesions and is proven to increase the accuracy of melanoma diagnosis. This book is a practical, self-assessment guide to the diagnosis of skin disorders by dermoscopy. Beginning with an introduction to the technique, the following sections describe its use for different skin conditions, including pigmentation disorders, infectious diseases, skin tumours, and more. The final sections cover onychoscopy (nails) and trichoscopy (hair and scalp). Each case is highly illustrated with clinical photographs and diagrams, and includes a summary of the key features of the topic and dermoscopic clinical pearls. Key Points Practical, self-assessment guide to diagnosis of skin disorders by dermoscopy Covers numerous different skin conditions Includes sections on onychoscopy and trichoscopy Highly illustrated with clinical photographs and diagrams
Dermoscopy is a non-invasive, widely used diagnostic tool that aids the diagnosis of skin lesions and is proven to increase the accuracy of melanoma diagnosis. Trichoscopy is the dermoscopic imaging of the scalp and hair. The method is based on dermoscopy and videodermoscopy and is used for the evaluation and diagnosis of hair and scalp diseases. Onychoscopy is the dermoscopic imaging of the nail used for the diagnosis of nail disorders. This book is a comprehensive guide to the imaging and diagnosis of skin, hair and nail disorders in children. Divided into five sections, the text begins with an overview of dermoscopy and instruments. Section Two covers the use of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of paediatric skin diseases including melanocytic lesions, eczemas, and infections. The third section discusses techniques for trychoscopy and the identification of various hair disorders including alopecias and hair shaft disorders; and Section Four explains onychoscopy and nail disorders. The book concludes with a selection of case scenarios. Key points Comprehensive guide to imaging and diagnosis of paediatric skin, hair and nail conditions Covers dermoscopy, trichoscopy and onychoscopy of numerous diseases and disorders Features case scenarios to enhance learning Highly illustrated with more than 450 clinical photographs, diagrams and figures
Dermoscopy is a non-invasive, widely used diagnostic tool that aids the diagnosis of skin lesions and is proven to increase the accuracy of melanoma diagnosis. This book is a practical guide to dermoscopy for clinicians. The text begins with an overview of the technique, how it links clinical dermatology and histopathology, the dermoscope, and pattern recognition. The following sections provide in depth coverage of the application of dermoscopy and clinical features in the diagnosis of different dermatologic disorders, including vascular lesions, skin tumours, autoimmune dermatoses, pigmentary disorders, and much more. The final chapters discuss dermoscopy in diagnostic dilemmas and in therapeutic monitoring, also providing a selection of algorithms to assist learning. The text is highly illustrated with more than 500 clinical images and each topic concludes with a keynote message summarising the salient dermoscopic features. Key points Practical guide to diagnostic dermoscopy for clinicians In depth discussion on use of the dermoscope, histopathology, and pattern recognition Covers numerous dermatologic disorders Keynote messages summarise salient points to assist learning
Modern food habits, vis-a-vis lifestyle, has started taking its toll in the form of obesity, depression, auto-immune diseases, spondylosis, arthritis, cardiac disorders, insomnia, cancer, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, osteoporosis and many other ailments. Keeping pace with the demand for lifestyle food, food companies are producing more and more synthetic food or processed food. This is one dimensional food, i.e. food for food's sake. We are on the verge of forgetting that food has other roles to serve in our body, mind and soul too. Food has other dimensions to act, i.e. to serve as medicine as well. The concept of functional food or nutraceuticals, though it sounds new, has its roots in the traditional food habits of great cultures like Indian, Chinese, Mediterranean or Greek, which have survived thousands of years of trials and errors. Hippocrates (c. 460 – c. 370 BC), the great Greek philosopher, had said “Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food” Therefore, we should go back to basics and eat only food that possesses drug properties as well. A host of food plants are available around us which have the capacity to alleviate several modern day life-style diseases. The traditional ‘sak’, ‘sabjee’ and whole grain foods are to name a few. The line between drug tablets and nutraceuticals is rapidly becoming narrower. The nutrients in cereals have shown to possess the property of reducing the risk of diabetes, coronary heart dysfunction, tumour incidence, higher blood cholesterol etc. The garlic has immunomodulatory function among other innumerable nutraceuticals. The sages of Rigveda have said, “Plant! Thus I hail thee, the Divine Mother of mankind.” - Rigveda 10.97.4. The authors in this book have tried their best to give glimpses of information about the medicinal plants surrounding us that have dietetic as well as antioxidant properties and tried to answer the moot question of sufferings of modern society.
Providing in-depth coverage, this book covers the fundamentals of computation and programming in C language. Essential concepts including operators and expressions, input and output statements, loop statements, arrays, pointers, functions, strings and preprocessors are described in a lucid manner. A unique approach - 'Learn by quiz' - features questions based on confidence-based learning methodology. It helps the reader to identify the right answer with adequate explanation and reasoning as to why the other options are incorrect. Computer programs and review questions are interspersed throughout the text. The book is appropriate for undergraduate students of engineering, computer science and information technology. It can be used for self-study and assists in the understanding of theoretical concepts and their applications.
Alternative Education Responding to the serious challenges and rapid transformations, our education inevitably has to change fundamentally towards Alternative Education paradigm in order to pursue a new future for our new generations as well as our society. This paradigm aims to provide unlimited opportunities for every student and teacher to maximize their potential and performance in borderless learning and teaching.
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