A Companion to South Asia in the Past provides the definitive overview of research and knowledge about South Asia’s past, from the Pleistocene to the historic era in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal, provided by a truly global team of experts. The most comprehensive and detailed scholarly treatment of South Asian archaeology and biological anthropology, providing ground-breaking new ideas and future challenges Provides an in-depth and broad view of the current state of knowledge about South Asia’s past, from the Pleistocene to the historic era in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal A comprehensive treatment of research in a crucial region for human evolution and biocultural adaptation A global team of scholars together present a varied set of perspectives on South Asian pre- and proto-history
From the time of 19th century, British employed people passing out from Oxford and Cambridge University to study the thousands of year old Sanskrit texts of India and interpret them in a way that the Indian people never become one. Inspired by the new set of values and might of British Empire these people, also considered as Orientalist, started the work of reading Sanskrit texts and present them in a way which makes people feel that British ways are better than those scriptures. While the prime aim of these interpretations was to hide the robbery of Indian resources, some considered it as reality and helped the British. This help became so vital for the British that a nation which was considered as the golden bird (सोने की चिड़िया) on earth and even after centuries of invasions and loot still contributing 20-24% of world GDP became one of the poorest nations of the world contributing 1-2% of world GDP with frequent incidents of riots, famine etc. Somewhere one orientalist identified it and in his old age realized that he wasted all his life and knowledge in just showing that the 3,000 year-old Indian Scriptures (as per his idea on the date though they are even older) are inferior to present British knowledge system. The name of this orientalist was Max Muller and he tried to reverse the damage by sharing the need of Indian Knowledge system in those texts to make our inner life perfect, more comprehensive and universal. But the damage was already done and in the last 150 years, many Muller’s of a young age are produced by our education system instead of Muller’s who turned wise. Therefore, to throw better light on Indian Society which was missed by Orientalist and present-day young Muller’s, this book is developed by using the philosophy of Jagadguru Adi Shankracharya, i.e. philosophy of Advaita Vedanta, which forces us to look for knowledge which is inside human rather than what knowledge a man possesses. It is considered as the true form of Vidya and under present circumstances, it is the most vital need of Indian Society, especially our Administrators who are supposed to serve the people of India as an Iron Pillar. It is vital that they know about the past, present and future of Indian Society and serves it with excellence, as Krishna said, “योगः कर्मसु कौशलम्”, i.e. Unity (or Yoga) is excellence in Action. Based on it, the book contains relevant information on the topics under Society portion of GS Paper-I such as- Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India; Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies; Effects of globalization on Indian society; Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism along with approach and solutions on previous year Questions.
This book emphasizes the use of stochastic orders as motivational tools for developing new statistical procedures. Stochastic orders have found useful applications in many disciplines, including reliability theory, survival analysis, risk theory, finance, nonparametric methods, economics and actuarial science. Written by a statistician, this volume clarifies the connection between stochastic orders and nonparametric methods. The importance of order statistics and spacings is well recognized. Classically, they mainly focus on the case when the observations are independent and identically distributed, however, several new developments have extended the comparison of order statistics to the case of non-identically distributed or non-independent observations. In addition to giving a detailed discussion of various topics in the general area of stochastic orders, a substantial part of the book is devoted to recent research on stochastic comparisons of order statistics and spacings, including a long chapter on dependence among them. The book will be useful for graduate students and researchers in statistics, economics, actuarial science and other related disciplines. In particular, with close to 300 references, it will be a valuable resource for reliability theorists, applied probabilists and statisticians. Readers are expected to have taken a first-year graduate level course in mathematical statistics or in applied probability.
Computer Processing of Sanskrit Nominal Inflections: Methods and Implementation is the result of Research and Development (R&D) at the Master of Philosophy (MPhil) level at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. The title of the dissertation was “Machine Recognition and Morphological Analysis of Subanta-Padas.” The work, which is based on the reverse engineering implementation of Panini’s Sanskrit Grammar, brings together new and original studies in the area of computational linguistics, language technology and natural language processing with reference to parsing Sanskrit nominal inflections. On the surface level, Panini has defined rules in a forward looking generative fashion which makes reverse analysis necessary for parsing. Since parsing inflections is the first basic step towards complete analysis, the present work has relevance for any larger system that may evolve in future.
SECTION 1: Sepsis Diagnosis and Management 1. Precision Medicine in Septic Shock 2. Optimal Blood Pressure Target in Patients with Septic Shock 3. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines in 2022: What is New and what has Changed? 4. Individualizing Hemodynamics in Septic Shock 5. Adjunctive Therapies in Sepsis: Current Status 6. Refractory Septic Shock: What are the Options 7. Steroids in Sepsis and Clinical Outcomes 8. Candida auris: Detection, Prevention, and Management 9. Empirical Antifungal Treatment: Is It Justified? 10. Role of Steroids in Severe Community acquired Pneumonia 11. Procalcitonin: Can It Differentiate Bacterial versus Fungal Infection SECTION 2: Antimicrobial Therapy in ICU 12. Optimizing Antimicrobial Dosing in the Intensive Care Unit 13. Antibiotic within 1 hour: Should this be Applied to all Patients with Sepsis? 14. Dark Side of Antibiotics 15. Optimal Duration of Antibiotic Therapy 16. Cefiderocol: Is this the Answer to Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative Infection? SECTION 3: Respiratory Critical Care 17. Management of Pneumonia in Intensive Care 18. Reverse Triggering during Controlled Ventilation: A Frequent Dysynchrony with Various Consequences 19. Use of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in Pneumonia 20. Management of Complicated Pleural Effusion 21. Hepatic Hydrothorax 22. Submassive Pulmonary Embolism 23. Role of Magnesium in Respiratory Failure 24. ARDS in Children: How is it Different? 25. Safe Tracheal Intubation in Intensive Care Unit 26. Lateral Positioning: Does it Work? 27. Dyspnea in Patients on Invasive Ventilation: Clinical Impact 28. Complications of Noninvasive Ventilation Failure SECTION 4: Mechanical Ventilation 29. Setting Optimum PEEP 30. Open Lung or Keep Lung Closed: Which Strategy to Choose? 31. Driving Pressure or Mechanical Power: Which One to Monitor? 32. Measuring Respiratory Drive and Muscle Effort 33. Oxygenation Targets in Mechanically Ventilated Critically-ill Patients 34. Ventilatory Ratio: A New Monitoring Tool 35. Helmet NIV: Is it a Game Changer? 36. Electrical Impedance Tomography: Current Application 37. Automatic Tube Compensation: Does it have a Role? 38. High-frequency Oscillatory Ventilation in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 39. Noninvasive Ventilation in Pediatrics: Current Status SECTION 5: Cardiovascular Critical Care 40. Crystalloid Resuscitation: Finding the Balance 41. Artificial Intelligence Tools to Optimize Hemodynamics in the ICU 42. Aggressive or Restrictive Fluid Resuscitation 43. Predicting Hypotension: Is It Useful? 44. Vasopressors: How Early? 45. Myocardial Injury after Noncardiac Surgery 46. Use of Vasopressin during Cardiac Arrest SECTION 6: Echocardiography and Ultrasound 47. Advances in Intensive Care Unit Echocardiography 48. Transesophageal Echocardiography: Is It Preferable in the Intensive Care Unit? 49. ECHO Features of Pulmonary Hypertension and Increased Left Atrial Pressures 50. Role of Echocardiography in Shock State 51. Use of Echocardiography in Assessing Fluid Responsiveness 52. Venous Excess Ultrasound Score (VExUS) SECTION 7: Nephrology, Fluids, Acid-Base Balance and Electrolytes Balance 53. Fluid Management in Acute Kidney Injury 54. Sepsis-associated Acute Kidney Injury: Common but Poorly Understood 55. Delayed versus Very Delayed Renal Replacement Therapy 56. Plasma Exchange in Intensive Care Unit: Current Status 57. Acute Kidney Injury Care Bundle 58. Biomarker-driven Therapy in AKI 59. How to Approach Dyselectrolytemias in a Patient on CRRT? SECTION 8: Neurocritical Care 60. Prognostication in
The Term Systematic Botany Encompasses The Domain Not Only Of The Higher Plants, But Also Of The Lower Plants. Since It Is Not Possible To Treat Adequately The Various Plant-Groups Under A Single Volume, This Edition Is Restricted To A Discussion Of The Angiosperms. It Has Been Designed As A Textbook For The Undergraduate Students (Pass & Honours) Of All The Indian Universities And It Will Be Helpful To Postgraduate Students In Botany As Well As To The Study Of Agriculture And Allied Subjects. The Author Has Abandoned Bentham-Hookers System And Presented A New Scheme Of Angiosperm-Classification. Although The Latter Scheme, Like Any Other Envisaged Before, Has Its Shortcomings, It Represents The Most Probable Natural Relationship Among Flowering Plants.Almost All The Taxa Prevalent In The Indian Flora Have Been Dealt With, Covering 44 Orders And 193 Families. Generally, Each Order Has Been Discussed In The Light Of Phylogeny And With Emphasis On Its General Features, Circum Inter-Relationship, Origin And Means Of Identification Of Various Families (By Bracketed Keys). Those Families Prominent In The Countrys Flora Have Been Described Under Six Or Seven Different Heads, Depending On The Available Information. Though The Inconspicuous Ones Have Not Been Categorised Likewise, One Can Even Find In Them The Array Of Items Under Each Family Being Suitably Treated. Moreover, The Nomenclature Of Plants Have Been Checked And Brought Up-To-Date As Far As Possible. Part One Is An Expose Of Taxonomic Principles, While PartsThree And Four, Deal With The Dicotyledonous And Monocotyledonous Plants Respectively. Under Part Two, There Are Certain Specialised Topics Which Have A Bearing On The Study Of The Systematic Botany Of Angiosperms. A List Of Important Books And Papers Is Inserted At The End Of Each Part. In Brief, The Author Has Made Anattempt To Give A Complete Picture Of Angiosperm Systematics.
The book discusses active devices and circuits for microwave communications. It begins with the basics of device physics and then explores the design of microwave communication systems including analysis and the implementation of different circuits. In addition to classic topics in microwave active devices, such as p-i-n diodes, Schottky diodes, step recovery diodes, BJT, HBT, MESFET, HFET, and various microwave circuits like switch, phase shifter, attenuator, detector, amplifier, multiplier and mixer, the book also covers modern areas such as Class-F power amplifiers, direct frequency modulators, linearizers, and equalizers. Most of the examples are based on practical devices available in commercial markets and the circuits presented are operational. The book uses analytical methods to derive values of circuit components without the need for any circuit design tools, in order to explain the theory of the circuits. All the given analytical expressions are also cross verified using commercially available microwave circuit design tools, and each chapter includes relevant diagrams and solved problems. It is intended for scholars in the field of electronics and communication engineering.
For any country’s economy, mineral resources form an important part in generating revenue and increasing its GDP. Therefore, learning the economics behind mines and minerals becomes mandatory and logical. This book investigates and promotes understanding of economic and policy issues, programmes and strategies for exploration, mining, beneficiation and marketing activities. Divided into ten chapters, the book puts emphasis on elaborating the principles of mine and mineral economics. The introductory chapter discusses the scope of the subject and the issues addressed by it. Outline of reserve-resource dynamics and the recent approaches towards estimating ore-reserves are then elaborated, followed by a discussion on mineral availability. Focus is then shifted to more technical and quantitative aspects of mineral sampling. Issues relating to mineral property evaluation and project feasibility assessment are then taken up. Both quantitative and logical aspects of mine finance and accounting have been discussed. Nitty-gritties of mine taxation are further outlined and the reader is introduced to aspects relating to marketing and trading of minerals. Distinctive features of the mineral policies of a few countries are highlighted while discussing the characteristic features of a national mineral policy. The last chapter of this book is on mineral industry and the environment.
This comprehensive and concise book critically examines the essential principles, practices and approaches to financial accounting, cost and management accounting, and financial management. This book is intended for the postgraduate students of management and commerce. Besides, it is equally useful for the students of engineering and technology. The objective of this book is to assist the students and readers in developing an understanding of the theories of various branches of accounting and financial management, and to integrate the knowledge with practice in evaluating the strategic management decisions. The book contains thirty-three chapters divided into three parts. Part A comprising ten chapters discusses the key principles and practices of financial accounting. Part B containing eight chapters explains various methods and techniques of cost and management accounting. Part C comprising fifteen chapters provides an insight into the numerous dimensions of financial management policies and practices. Key Features • A systematic presentation of the subject matter, supported with substantial number of Examples, Diagrams and Tables for easy understanding. • The topics of ‘Accounting for Fixed Assets’ (Chapter 4), ‘Depreciation Accounting’ (Chapter 5), ‘Revenue Recognition’ (Chapter 6), ‘Accounting for Inventories’ (Chapter 8) and ‘Cash Flow Statement’ (Chapter 20) have been written thoroughly in accordance with the Accounting Standards (AS) issued by the ICAI. • Review questions covering examination problems and their answers are given at the end of each chapter. The detailed answers are available in the Instructors’ Manual. • An exhaustive glossary of terms have been provided to explain the core concepts. • Solutions Manual is also available.
Provides latest advances in diagnosis and management of bone and mineral disorders Part of the renowned Clinical Focus series Focus on skeletal and mineral homeostasis and the role of calcium and vitamin D as nutritional supplements Each chapter highly illustrated with tables and images Internationally recognised editor and author team led by US-based expert in the field
SECTION 1: Airway Management -- Current Controversies 1. Can Sellick Maneuver Prevent Pulmonary Aspiration in the Critically Ill? 2. Etomidate vs. Ketamine -- What Should We Use for Intubation in ICU SECTION 2: Extracorporeal Therapies 3. Plasmapheresis: Current Indications in the Critically Ill 4. Are Super High-Flux Membrane Dialyzers the Future of RRT? 5. What is New in Artificial Liver Support Systems? SECTION 3: Sepsis 6. Back to the Genes: Does Genetic Polymorphism have a Role in Sepsis Management? 7. Controversies in Surviving Sepsis Guidelines 2021 8. Are We Back to Square One? Early Fluids vs. Vasopreressors in Septic Shock 9. Have We Achieved Balance in Fluid Therapy: Balanced Salt Solutions vs. Normal Saline? SECTION 4: Biomarkers 10. Novel Biomarkers During Circulatory Shock 11. Biomarkers in Acute Intoxications 12. Do Biomarkers have a Role in Patients with Primary Brain Injury? 13. Utility of MicroRNAs in the Critically Ill 14. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Critically Ill: A Simple but Useful Marker? 15. Do Vocal Biomarkers have a Future in Critical Care SECTION 5: COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learnt 16. Awake Prone Positioning in ARDS? 17. Immunomodulators for COVID-19 Therapy 18. Has Critical Care Telemedicine Come of Age During the Pandemic 19. Post-COVID Conditions (PCCs) or Long COVID Syndrome 20. Capacity Building During Large Scale Disasters 21. Clearing the Air: Alternatives to Isolation Rooms SECTION 6: Mechanical Ventilation 22. Revisiting Exogenous Surfactant Therapy in Acute Lung Injury and ARDS 23. Mechanical Power 24. Volumetric Capnography in 2022 25. Metabolic Alkalosis in Critical Care: A Classical and Physicochemical Approach 26. Oxygen Revisited SECTION 7 28. High-flow Nasal Cannula: Beyond a COVID-19 Therapy 29. Cefiderocol 30. Newer Fluoroquinolones: Levonadifloxacin, Delafloxacin and Lascufloxacin 31. Newer Combinations of B-Lactam/B-Lactamase 32. Newer Tetracyclines -- Eravacycline and Omadacycline 33. Plazomicin: A New Aminoglycoside 34. Lefamulin: A Pleuromutilin Antibiotic 35. Pretomanid for Antitubercular Therapy 36. Contezolid Acefosamil: A New Oxazolidinone 37. Solithromycin and Nafithromycin: The New Macrolides 38. Benapenem and Sulopenem 39. The Dsb (Disulfide bond) 40. Antivirulence Strategies: The Future of Antibacterial Therapy 41. Alternatives to Conventional Antibacterials: Use of Nanomaterials 42. Newer Treatment Approach to Clostridioides Difficile - Fidaxomicin and Bezlotoxumab 43. Recent Advances for Immunotherapies Against Infectious Disease SECTION 8: What's New Elsewhere? 44. Risk Scoring Systems in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed 45. Has Hypotension Prediction Index Come of Age 46. Postintensive Care Syndrome and Postintensive Care Syndrome-Family 47. Closed-Loop Hemodynamic Resuscitation In Shock 48. Is Electrical Impedance Tomography Finally Here to Stay 49. Cardiac Output Measurement: Capnodynamic Method and Auto VTI Tool 50. What's New in Glucose Management Technologies for the Critically-ill 51. Vitamins and Trace Element Supplementation for Critically Ill Patients in 2022 Index
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