Studies and Surveys Unit's Books

Opportunities to Improve the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee to Improve the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program

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Opportunities to Improve the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee to Improve the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established the National Water Quality Assesment (NAWQA) program in 1985 to assess water quality conditions and trends in representative river basins and aquifers across the United States. With this report, the NRC's Water Science and Technology Board has provided advice to USGS regarding NAWQA five separate times as the program evolved from an unfunded concept to a mature and nationally-recognized program in 2002. This report assesses the program's development and representative accomplishments to date and makes recommendations on opportunities to improve NAWQA as it begins its second decade of nationwide monitoring.

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Page Count

253

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309083052

ISBN 13

9780309083058

Small Arms Survey 2012

Moving Targets

By: Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (Geneva, Switzerland),Small Arms Survey, Geneva

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Small Arms Survey 2012

Moving Targets

By: Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (Geneva, Switzerland),Small Arms Survey, Geneva

The Small Arms Survey 2012 seeks to increase our scrutiny of what is changing, and not changing, in relation to armed violence and small arms proliferation. Chapters on firearm homicide in Latin America and the Caribbean, drug violence in selected Latin American countries and non-lethal violence worldwide illustrate that security is a moving target; armed violence, both lethal and non-lethal, continues to undermine the security and wellbeing of people and societies around the world. The goal of curbing small arms proliferation, embodied in the UN Programme of Action, appears similarly elusive. Chapters on illicit small arms in war zones, trade transparency, Somali piracy and the 2011 UN Meeting of Governmental Experts highlight some of the successes, but also the continuing challenges, in this area. Country studies on Kazakhstan and Somaliland, along with the final instalment of the authorized transfers project, round out the 2012 edition.

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Page Count

361

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0521146879

ISBN 13

9780521146876

Review of Recreational Fisheries Survey Methods

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Review of Recreational Fisheries Survey Methods

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Review of Recreational Fisheries Survey Methods

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Review of Recreational Fisheries Survey Methods

Recreational fishing in the United States is an important social and economic component of many marine fisheries, with an estimated 14 million anglers making almost 82 million fishing trips in 2004. Although each individual angler typically harvests a small number of fish, collectively these sport fisheries can take a significant fraction of the yearly catch-in some cases more than commercial fisheries. For example, in 1999, recreational fishing accounted for 94% of the total catch of spotted sea trout, 76% of striped bass and sheephead, and 60 percent of king mackerel. It is important that systems used to monitor fishing catch are adequate for timely management of recreational fisheries. However, the large number of anglers and access points makes monitoring recreational fishing much more difficult than monitoring commercial fishing. This report reviews the types of survey methods used to estimate catch in recreational fisheries, including state/federal cooperative programs. The report finds that both telephone survey and onsite access components of the current monitoring systems have serious flaws in design or implementation. There are also several areas of miscommunication and mismatched criteria among designers of surveys, data collectors, and recreational fisheries. The report recommends that a comprehensive, universal sampling frame with national coverage should be established, and that improvements should be made in statistical analysis of the data collected and in the ways the data are communicated. A permanent and independent research group should be established and funded to evaluate the statistical design and adequacy of recreational fishery surveys and to guide necessary modifications or new initiatives.

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Page Count

202

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030910193X

ISBN 13

9780309101936

Future Directions for the U.S. Geological Survey's Energy Resources Program

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Committee on Earth Resources,Committee on Future Directions for the U.S. Geological Survey's Energy Resources Program

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Future Directions for the U.S. Geological Survey's Energy Resources Program

Reliable, affordable, and technically recoverable energy is central to the nation's economic and social vitality. The United States is both a major consumer of geologically based energy resources from around the world and - increasingly of late - a developer of its own energy resources. Understanding the national and global availability of those resources as well as the environmental impacts of their development is essential for strategic decision making related to the nation's energy mix. The U.S. Geological Survey Energy Resources Program is charged with providing unbiased and publicly available national- and regional-scale assessments of the location, quantity, and quality of geologically based energy resources and with undertaking research related to their development. At the request of the Energy Resources Program (ERP), this publication considers the nation's geologically based energy resource challenges in the context of current national and international energy outlooks. Future Directions for the U.S. Geological Survey's Energy Resources Program examines how ERP activities and products address those challenges and align with the needs federal and nonfederal consumers of ERP products. This study contains recommendations to develop ERP products over the next 10-15 years that will most effectively inform both USGS energy research priorities and the energy needs and priorities of the U.S. government.

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Page Count

169

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309477433

ISBN 13

9780309477437

Small Arms Survey 2008

Risk and Resilience

By: Small Arms Survey,Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (Geneva, Switzerland)

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Small Arms Survey 2008

Risk and Resilience

By: Small Arms Survey,Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (Geneva, Switzerland)

The Small Arms Survey 2008 examines the problem of diversion and analyses the public health approach to armed violence.

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Page Count

313

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0521880408

ISBN 13

9780521880404

Meeting the Nation's Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Scientists

Summary of the 1993 Public Hearings

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Office of Scientific and Engineering Personnel,Studies and Surveys Unit,Committee on National Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Research Personnel

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Meeting the Nation's Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Scientists

Summary of the 1993 Public Hearings

On May 3, 1993, the National Research Council's (NRC) Committee on National Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Research Personnel convened a public hearing to gather the views of colleagues on the future direction of the National Research Service Awards (NRSA) program. In preparation for the hearing, the committee formulated a set of questions to be addressed by respondents and consulted with the staff of the National Institutes of Health in compiling a list of individuals and organizations to whom a letter soliciting a response to those questions could be sent. (See Appendix A.) A letter posing the following four questions was sent to over 1,000 individuals: What is the most significant challenge we face today in the United States in maintaining an adequate supply of qualified scientists to sustain and advance health research? What improvements might be made in the National Research Service Awards (NRSA) program to assure a continuing supply of skilled investigators in the biomedical and behavioral sciences in the coming years? What steps might be taken to improve the effectiveness of the NRSA program in recruiting women and minorities into scientific careers? What features of the NRSA training grant might be strengthened to assure the maintenance of high quality research training environments?

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Page Count

106

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309083699

ISBN 13

9780309083690

Monitoring Human Tissues for Toxic Substances

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on National Monitoring of Human Tissues

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Monitoring Human Tissues for Toxic Substances

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on National Monitoring of Human Tissues

The National Human Monitoring Program (NHMP) identifies concentrations of specific chemicals in human tissues, including toxicologic testing and risk assessment determinations. This volume evaluates the current activities of the NHMP; identifies important scientific, technical, and programmatic issues; and makes recommendations regarding the design of the program and use of its products.

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224

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309044375

ISBN 13

9780309044370

Identifying Future Drinking Water Contaminants

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,1998 Workshop on Emerging Drinking Water Contaminants

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Identifying Future Drinking Water Contaminants

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,1998 Workshop on Emerging Drinking Water Contaminants

With an increasing population, use of new and diverse chemicals that can enter the water supply, and emergence of new microbial pathogens, the U.S. federal government is faced with a regulatory dilemma: Where should it focus its attention and limited resources to ensure safe drinking water supplies for the future? Identifying Future Drinking Water Contaminants is based on a 1998 workshop on emerging drinking water contaminants. It includes a dozen papers that were presented on new and emerging microbiological and chemical drinking water contaminants, associated analytical and water treatment methods for their detection and removal, and existing and proposed environmental databases to assist in their proactive identification and regulation. The papers are preceded by a conceptual approach and related recommendations to EPA for the periodic creation of future Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate Lists (CCLsâ€"produced every five yearsâ€"include currently unregulated chemical and microbiological substances that are known or anticipated to occur in public water systems and that may pose health risks).

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Page Count

276

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309172969

ISBN 13

9780309172967

Measuring the Science and Engineering Enterprise

Priorities for the Division of Science Resources Studies

By: National Research Council,Committee on National Statistics,Office of Scientific and Engineering Personnel,Committee to Assess the Portfolio of The Division of Science Resources Studies of NSF

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Measuring the Science and Engineering Enterprise

Priorities for the Division of Science Resources Studies

By: National Research Council,Committee on National Statistics,Office of Scientific and Engineering Personnel,Committee to Assess the Portfolio of The Division of Science Resources Studies of NSF

The science and engineering enterprise has continued to evolve, responding over the last decade to increased economic globalization, a post-cold war military, federal budget fluctuations, and structural changes in the way science and engineering are conducted and innovations are adopted. This report suggests ways to revise the data collection activities of the Science Resources Studies Division (SRS) of the National Science Foundation to better capture the current realities of R&D funding and S&E human resources. The report's recommendations would improve the relevance of the data on graduate education, the labor market for scientists and engineers, and the funding and conduct of research and development, and thus better meet the data needs of policymakers, managers, and researchers.

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Page Count

160

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309068924

ISBN 13

9780309068925

Review of the Marine Recreational Information Program

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Review of the Marine Recreational Information Program

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Review of the Marine Recreational Information Program

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Review of the Marine Recreational Information Program

The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is responsible for collecting information on marine recreational angling. It does so principally through the Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP), a survey program that consists of an in-person survey at fishing access sites and a mail survey, in addition to other complementary or alternative surveys. Data collected from anglers through MRIP supply fisheries managers with essential information for assessing fish stocks. In 2006, the National Research Council provided an evaluation of MRIP's predecessor, the Marine Recreational Fisheries Statistics Survey (MRFSS). That review, Review of Recreational Fisheries Survey Methods, presented conclusions and recommendations in six categories: sampling issues; statistical estimation issues; human dimensions; program management and support; communication and outreach; and general recommendations. After spending nearly a decade addressing the recommendations, NMFS requested another evaluation of its modified survey program (MRIP). This report, the result of that evaluation, serves as a 10-year progress report. It recognizes the progress that NMFS has made, including major improvements in the statistical soundness of its survey designs, and also highlights some remaining challenges and provides recommendations for addressing them.

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Page Count

199

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309453747

ISBN 13

9780309453745

Book's by Studies and Surveys Unit

Opportunities to Improve the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program

Opportunities to Improve the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program

Small Arms Survey 2012

Small Arms Survey 2012

Review of Recreational Fisheries Survey Methods

Review of Recreational Fisheries Survey Methods

Future Directions for the U.S. Geological Survey's Energy Resources Program

Future Directions for the U.S. Geological Survey's Energy Resources Program

Small Arms Survey 2008

Small Arms Survey 2008

Meeting the Nation's Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Scientists

Meeting the Nation's Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Scientists

Monitoring Human Tissues for Toxic Substances

Monitoring Human Tissues for Toxic Substances

Identifying Future Drinking Water Contaminants

Identifying Future Drinking Water Contaminants

Measuring the Science and Engineering Enterprise

Measuring the Science and Engineering Enterprise

Review of the Marine Recreational Information Program

Review of the Marine Recreational Information Program

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