Reward behavior represents a subset of conditioning procedures that have been developed by psychologists to study learning in animals. In particular, rewarded behavior involves an instrumental response that is maintained by a reinforcer. The procedures that have been developed cover a broad spectrum of behaviors, from simple running in a straight alley to very complex operant schedules of reinforcement that can require multiple responses over long periods of time. Many species of animal have also been trained on these procedures. Procedures have been developed to study the initial learning process as well as steady-state behavior. Procedures have also been developed to study memory. As such, rewarded behavior models can be used to study a wide variety of human diseases and conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease, obesity, drug abuse, obsessive-compulsive disorder and many others.
The human body is designed for activity. For most of our history, physical activity was required for survival, but technological advances have eliminated much of the need for hard physical labor. As our activity levels have dropped, it has become clear that a physically inactive lifestyle can lead to a host of health problems. Physical Activity and Health, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive treatment of the research on the benefits of a physically active lifestyle in comparison with the harmful consequences of physical inactivity. Written by leading scientists from the United States, Canada, Europe, and Australia, Physical Activity and Health, Second Edition, brings together the results of the most important studies on the relationship between physical activity, sedentarism, and various health outcomes. The second edition has been fully updated based on the latest advances in this rapidly changing field and expanded to include the following new content: • A chapter on the physiology of inactivity and the effects of sedentary behavior even in people who engage in appropriate amounts of physical activity, which is an area of growing interest • More extensive coverage of physical activity, aging, and the brain, including a new chapter on the relationship between physical activity and brain structures and functions • A chapter on the development of national and international physical activity and health guidelines, which will help readers better understand how scientific findings are converted into practical recommendations Physical Activity and Health, Second Edition, offers a detailed yet concise presentation of key concepts as well as a framework to help readers relate results from single studies or collections of studies to the overall paradigm linking physical activity and physical fitness to health. For each of the topics covered, the text provides an overview of the most important research findings, discusses the limitations of the current knowledge base, and identifies directions for future investigation. At the core of the text is a review of our current understanding of how physical activity affects health concerns such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and obesity as well as aging and mental health. The text identifies sedentary living habits and poor fitness as major public health problems and examines the potential of physical activity to prevent disease and enhance quality of life. This complete resource also looks at the evolution of the field of physical activity and health; variations in physical activity levels across age, sex, and ethnic groups; the body’s physiological responses to physical activity; dose-response issues; and the influence of genetics on physical activity, fitness, and health. The book ends with an integration of the issues covered and discusses new opportunities for research. The second edition of Physical Activity and Health continues to offer clear, user-friendly coverage of the most important concepts and research in the field. Numerous special features will aid readers in their comprehension of the material. Chapter outlines and callout boxes help readers key in on important topics and focus their reading, and chapter summaries, definitions of key terms, and study questions provide tools for review and self-testing. Commonly used acronyms and abbreviations are found on the interior covers for handy reference. Where other books have simply promoted physical activity for the individual or a population, Physical Activity and Health, Second Edition, completely integrates current knowledge of the relationship between physical activity and health. With contributions from some of the finest scientists in the field, this comprehensive text offers information unmatched in accuracy and reliability.
This volume in the Techniques in Aesthetic Surgery Series gives you the very latest on the hottest areas in facial rejuvenation with fillers. Generously illustrated with many color operative photographs, line drawings and cases, the book focuses on the newest techniques and how to use them to get the best possible results. Positioning, marking, alternative options, surgical pitfalls and expert tips, tricks, and comments are presented in clear, clinical terms. Contains detailed full-color illustrations for clear visual guidance to each operative step. Includes a DVD with video clips of key procedures performed by an expert so you can see them performed in real time. Discusses common pitfalls to help you improve the quality of your technique. Features experts' "tricks of the trade" so you can learn the best approach to getting the optimal results. Provides international authorship for true breadth and depth of knowledge. Uses a consistent format, style, and approach throughout to make finding information easier. The result is the best possible aesthetic results thanks to guidance from the experts. Book jacket.
The field's definitive work from a Nobel Prize-winning author 900 full-color illustrations Principles of Neural Science, 5e describes our current understanding of how the nerves, brain, and mind function. From molecules to anatomic structures and systems to cognitive function, this comprehensive reference covers all aspects of neuroscience. Widely regarded as the field’s cornerstone reference, the fifth edition is highlighted by more than 900 full-color illustrations. The fifth edition has been completely updated to reflect the tremendous amount of new research and development in neuroscience in the last decade. Lead author Eric Kandel was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2000.
As the profession of clinical exercise physiology continues to evolve, there is one cornerstone text that evolves along with it. Clinical Exercise Physiology, Fourth Edition With Web Resource, has been a mainstay in the field since its inception in 2003, and the revisions and additions to this latest rendition reinforce its elite status. As the most comprehensive resource available, Clinical Exercise Physiology, Fourth Edition, provides greater coverage and depth of diseases than is typically found in most clinical exercise physiology textbooks. It thoroughly examines the effects of exercise on chronic disease and then investigates 24 chronic conditions, covering the scope of each disease as well as the pathophysiology, medications, and clinical applications. It also examines clinical considerations and exercise prescriptions for four special populations. This fourth edition reflects the latest American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) standards and guidelines, making it an ideal resource for candidates preparing for ACSM Clinical Exercise Physiologist certification. In addition to updated content that aligns with current science and evidence-based practice guidelines, the fourth edition also incorporates the following: • A closer and more up-to-date look at the state of the profession • A new web resource featuring case studies that depict real-life scenarios • A new chapter on Parkinson’s disease • Enhanced coverage of exercise testing and exercise prescription, in separate chapters to delve deeper into each of those topics • An expanded chapter on end-stage renal disease, to more broadly cover chronic kidney disease • Significant revisions to chapters on metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and heart failure The online case studies are written in the form of SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) notes, reflecting common medical chart documentation, to help readers experience realistic examples. The text also offers Practical Application sidebars in each chapter; some of these sidebars focus on exercise prescription, and other Practical Application sidebars review the relevant literature related to physiological adaptations to exercise training. To aid in course preparation, instructors are provided a test package, chapter quizzes, and a presentation package plus image bank. Clinical Exercise Physiology, Fourth Edition, offers a contemporary review of the variety of diseases and conditions that students and professionals may encounter in the field. New and veteran clinical exercise physiologists alike, as well as those preparing for ACSM certification exams, will appreciate the in-depth coverage of the clinical populations that benefit from physical activity and exercise.
Comprehensive and lavishly illustrated, McKee's Pathology of the Skin, 5th Edition, is your reference of choice for up-to-date, authoritative information on dermatopathology. You'll find clinical guidance from internationally renowned experts along with details on etiology, pathogenesis, histopathology, and differential diagnosis – making this unique reference unparalleled in its wealth of clinical and histopathological material. The 5th Edition of this classic text is a must-have resource for practicing dermatopathologists and general pathologists who sign out skin biopsies. - Covers pathological aspects of skin diseases in addition to providing superb descriptions and illustrations of their clinical manifestations – the only available reference with this unique combination of features. - Integrates dermatopathology, clinical correlations, and clinical photographs throughout, and features bulleted lists of clinical features and differential diagnosis tables for easy reference. - Contains more than 5,000 superb histopathologic and clinical illustrations that demonstrate the range of histologic manifestations. - Brings you fully up to date with key molecular aspects of disease, the capabilities and limitations of molecular diagnostics, and targeted/personalized medicine. - Features up-to-date information on biologics, drug eruptions, and other developments in therapeutics. - Helps you stay current with the latest diagnostic tumor markers and other new developments in immunohistochemistry. - Includes a completely revised chapter on cutaneous lymphoma that reflects recent WHO-EORTC classification changes, as well as new coverage of sentinel lymph node biopsy for melanoma. - Shares the knowledge of the main editor Dr. J. Eduardo Calonje, along with co-editors Thomas Brenn, and Alexander Lazar, and new co-editor Steven D. Billings who offers expertise on both dermatopathology and soft tissue tumors. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
A classic book about language acquisition and conceptual structure, with a new preface by the author, "The Secret Life of Verbs." Before Steven Pinker wrote bestsellers on language and human nature, he wrote several technical monographs on language acquisition that have become classics in cognitive science. Learnability and Cognition, first published in 1989, brought together two big topics: how do children learn their mother tongue, and how does the mind represent basic categories of meaning such as space, time, causality, agency, and goals? The stage for this synthesis was set by the fact that when children learn a language, they come to make surprisingly subtle distinctions: pour water into the glass and fill the glass with water sound natural, but pour the glass with water and fill water into the glass sound odd. How can this happen, given that children are not reliably corrected for uttering odd sentences, and they don't just parrot back the correct ones they hear from their parents? Pinker resolves this paradox with a theory of how children acquire the meaning and uses of verbs, and explores that theory's implications for language, thought, and the relationship between them. As Pinker writes in a new preface, "The Secret Life of Verbs," the phenomena and ideas he explored in this book inspired his 2007 bestseller The Stuff of Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature. These technical discussions, he notes, provide insight not just into language acquisition but into literary metaphor, scientific understanding, political discourse, and even the conceptions of sexuality that go into obscenity.
A comprehensive overview of current techniques in dental, oral and maxillofacial imaging for all practicing dentists! Articles will include cone beam computed tomography of the head and neck, using cone beam CT in the office setting, oral pathology in 3D, CT-guided implant surgery, CAD-CAM applications using cone beam CT, contemporary imaging of the temporomandibular joint, 3D imaging in orthodontics and endodontics, diagnostic imaging and sleep medicine, and much more!
A guide to the top ten minimally invasive cosmetic procedures, from Botox to lasers to peels, which can help you look younger quickly and safely No one likes to hear this, but we have only .01 second to make a first impression. But what's the best way to look good? Makeup, hairstyles, and clothing--not to mention a friendly smile--can of course make a big difference, but for the thousands of Americans who would like an extra edge, nonsurgical cosmetic procedures are the answer. But which procedures really work? How safe are they? And are they worth the time and money? From Botox to microdermabrasion to lasers to chemical peels, there are so many choices that it can be hard to tell what's hype and what's helpful. In Instant Beauty, prominent Chicago cosmetic surgeon Steven Dayan, M.D., gives readers an easy-to-use no-nonsense guide to the top ten nonsurgical procedures, grading each for safety, effectiveness, and value. He explains the claims and the realities for each treatment, and lets you know exactly what to expect so that you can make the decision about what treatments are right for you. In addition, Dr. Dayan gives sound advice on the best treatments for every age and every condition, and teaches readers what to look for in a cosmetic physician. He also briefly describes common surgical procedures, and clearly indicates who should and should not get each treatment. Instant Beauty is a straightforward and comprehensive guide for anyone interested in taking advantage of the remarkable breakthroughs in medical technology to look and feel better and younger--at any age!
Quickly expand your knowledge base and master your residency with Faust's Anesthesiology Review, the world’s best-selling review book in anesthesiology. Combining comprehensive coverage with an easy-to-use format, this newly updated medical reference book is designed to efficiently equip you with the latest advances, procedures, guidelines, and protocols. It’s the perfect refresher on every major aspect of anesthesia. Take advantage of concise coverage of a broad variety of timely topics in anesthesia. Focus your study time on the most important topics, including anesthetic management for cardiopulmonary bypass, off-pump coronary bypass, and automatic internal cardiac defibrillator procedures; arrhythmias; anesthesia for magnetic resonance imaging; occupational transmission of blood-borne pathogens; preoperative evaluation of the patient with cardiac disease; and much more. Search the entire contents online at Expert Consult.com.
This third edition of Essentials of Pain Medicine offers an accessible and concise, yet complete, overview of today's theory and practice of pain medicine and regional anesthesia. From a review of basic considerations through local anesthetics and nerve block techniques, this book provides the reader with an excellent tool for exam review or practice of Pain Management. Organized in a concise, practical quick-reference format. All chapters are brief and easy to read quickly. Offers specific strategies for the evaluation and management of a full range of pain syndromes, including cancer pain. Features over 230 diagrams, illustrations, summary charts and tables that clarify the information and make it easy to apply. Discusses the latest drugs and therapeutic approaches, such as acupuncture. Presents the management of pain for every setting where it is practiced, including the emergency room, the critical care unit, and the pain clinic. Includes new topics such as: imaging in pain medicine, radiation safety, issues associated with the use of narcotics, intraarticular and intraperitoneal use of opioids, pain management in the emergency room and in the intensive care unit, pain management issues during pregnancy, geriatric pain, and hospice care and end-of-life issues. New chapters on interventional procedures include discography, intradiscal electrothermal coagulation (IDET), vertebroplasty, and piriformis injections. Truncal blocks and neuraxial blocks and anticoagulants are added to the section on nerve blocks.
Thoroughly revised and updated, the eighth edition of Frank Fabozzi's classic collection - filled with chapters written by the industry's most trusted, authoritative fixed income experts' delivers every updated fact and formula today's finance professional needs.
This will help us customize your experience to showcase the most relevant content to your age group
Please select from below
Login
Not registered?
Sign up
Already registered?
Success – Your message will goes here
We'd love to hear from you!
Thank you for visiting our website. Would you like to provide feedback on how we could improve your experience?
This site does not use any third party cookies with one exception — it uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic.Learn More.