The past few years have witnessed changes which will be of lasting significance in international affairs. The revolutions in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, for example, are fundamental not only for those societies but also in their implications for the rest of the world. They signal the passing of the international order that has governed the post war era. Since the United States was the principal architect of that order, its passing will have fundamental implications for America's role in the modern world. It has been suggested that this transformation will reduce the US to the status of an ordinary country, indeed that the signs of decline are already everywhere apparent. In this book, the author argues to the contrary that the emerging new world order offers great opportunities to the US to maintain its status as the leading power in the world.
The first edition of this book was the first authoritative, systematic and comprehensive text to define the increasingly important and evolving specialty of paediatric palliative care. It explores both the clinical aspects and the multidimensional and holistic nature of care for the dying child, based on the knowledge that all human experience has a physical, emotional, psychological and spiritual impact. The book covers ways of providing support in all of these areas both for the child, families, and carers, recognising the importance of teamwork and taking an evidence-based approach. The Oxford Textbook of Palliative Care for Children is about the care of children for whom cure of their underlying disease is not possible. It encompasses the physical management of symptoms such as pain and nausea, as well as social issues such as accessing appropriate education, emotional issues such as techniques for communication, and spiritual issues such as feelings of guilt and isolation. The book suggests that if we are to maintain the quality of life for a child it is essential to recognise all these dimensions and try to address them. This can only be done by recognising the skills of a wide range of professionals and working together in ways that are not always intuitive to any one discipline. It explores the multidimensional and holistic nature of care for the dying child. Those working in paediatric palliative care recognise that all human experience has emotional, psychological and spiritual impact as well as physical, and this book offers the essential information needed for those involved in paediatric care to find ways of providing support in all of these areas. Comprehensive in scope, exhaustive in detail, and definitive in authority, this second edition has been thoroughly updated to cover new practices, current epidemiological data and the evolving models that support the delivery of palliative medicine to children. Paediatric palliative care is now developing in countries with differing health care systems, and being adapted to suit individual illnesses and the varying resources and geography in different parts of the world. This book is an essential resource for anyone who works with children worldwide.
This provocative book's starting point is a deep and profound concern about the commodification of knowledge within the contemporary university. Acts of Knowing aims to provide readers with a means of understanding the issues from the perspective of Critical Pedagogy; an educational philosophy which believes that 'knowing' must be freed from the constraints of the financial and managerialist logics which dominate the contemporary university. Critical Pedagogy is important for three key reasons: it conceptualises pedagogy as a process of engagement between the teacher and taught; secondly that that engagement is based on an underlying humanistic view about human worth and value; and thirdly that the 'knowing' which can come out of this engagement needs to be understood essentially as exchange between people, rather than a financial exchange. Cowden and Singh argue that the conception of education as simply a means for securing economic returns for the individual and for the society's positioning in a global marketplace, represents a fundamentally impoverished conception of education, which impoverishes not just individuals, but society as a whole.
Essential Neuropharmacology: The Prescriber's Guide reviews the full range of medications used by neurologists in clinical practice. Expert knowledge is given about the best use of medications in patient care. Each drug listing contains the full range of indications, their advantages and disadvantages, and tips for dosing and avoiding adverse effects. Evidence is taken from recent clinical trials, which helps the reader relate the drug descriptions to everyday clinical practice. Where appropriate, off-label uses are also described. The detailed descriptions of each medication enable the user to make quick and informed decisions with the confidence they need to serve the clinical needs of their patients effectively. The new edition is fully updated throughout. Major new additions include neuro-oncology drugs, new multiple sclerosis agents, sleep medications and new formulations. This book is an essential, user-friendly reference suitable for neurologists at all stages of their careers.
This book is a collection of original research from the leading scholars in sociology and economics studying mobility and inequality. The volume brings together the state-of-the-art in the field and sets the agenda for future research.
In this treatment manual for functional seizures in children, adolescents, and young adults — ‘young people’ — we present the program developed by the mind-body team at The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, a tertiary care paediatric hospital located in New South Wales, Australia. The team’s Mind-Body Program, organised as part of a consultation-liaison psychiatry service within the Department of Psychological Medicine, works with young people, up to the age of 18 years, who present with functional somatic symptoms, including functional seizures. This manual describes the treatment interventions we have developed over the last 20 years through clinical trial and error, by translating research findings into our clinical practice, and by evaluating our own treatment interventions through prospective cohort studies.
From the originator of Polyvagal Theory, new writings on applying a polyvagal perspective across disciplines. Polyvagal Theory has revolutionized our understanding of the autonomic nervous system’s profound impact on various aspects of life, including sociality, emotional regulation, cognitive functions, and overall mental and physical well-being. Through rigorous academic testing, the theory’s applications have expanded into diverse fields such as psychotherapy, medicine, education, and performance. Exploring these broad applications revealed that Polyvagal Theory transcends its initial scope, and that the principles embedded in the theory could be applied as a generalized lens across various disciplines. In this volume, Dr. Stephen W. Porges—the originator of Polyvagal Theory—presents a collection of recent writings that showcase the wide-ranging applications of the polyvagal perspective. The writings update the theory and delve into sociality, safety and threat, trauma, functional medicine, vagal nerve stimulation, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, addiction, compassion, management, and dance movement therapy. This newest volume of Dr. Porges’s work demonstrates how adopting a polyvagal perspective enriches our understanding of biobehavioral processes in diverse domains.
This review organizes the existing literature on deoxypyridoxine in order to provide additional insights for developing further work. By providing a thorough analysis of previous work with deoxypyridoxine, it can be used more effectively as a tool for examining various metabolic pathways and explored further for its potential clinical use in cancer therapy, immunosuppression, or other areas. The book also stimulate some new insights into action of vitamin B6 itself.
This book presents a long-term study in genetic isolates of indigenous small ethnics of Dagestan, located in the North-East part of Caucasus in Russia. Dagestan is characterized by extreme cultural and linguistic differences in a small geographic area and contains 26 indigenous ethnic groups. According to archeological data these indigenous highland ethnics have been living in the same area for more than ten thousand years. Our long-term population-genetic study of Dagestan indigenous ethnic groups indicates their close relation to each other and suggests that they evolved from one common ancestral meta-population. Dagestan has an extremely high genetic diversity between ethnic populations and a low genetic diversity within them. Such genetic isolates are exceptional resources for the detection of susceptibility genes for complex diseases because of the reduction in genetic and clinical heterogeneity. The founder effect and gene drift in these primary isolates may have caused aggregation of specific haplotypes with limited numbers of pathogenic alleles and loci in some isolates relative to others. The book presents a study in four ethnically and demographically diverse genetic isolates with aggregation of schizophrenia that we ascertained within our Dagestan Genetic Heritage Research Project. The results obtained support the notion that mapping genes of any complex disease (e.g., schizophrenia) in demographically older genetic isolates may be more time and cost effective due to their high clinical and genetic homogeneity, in comparison with demographically younger isolates, especially with genetically heterogeneous outbred populations.
This Gold Standard in clinical child neurology presents the entire specialty in the most comprehensive, authoritative, and clearly written fashion. Its clinical focus, along with relevant science, throughout is directed at both the experienced clinician and the physician in training. New editor, Dr. Ferriero brings expertise in neonatal neurology to the Fourth Edition. New chapters: Pathophysiology of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation, Pediatric Neurotransmitter Diseases, Neurophysiology of Epilepsy, Genetics of Epilepsy, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Medicine, Neuropsychopharmacology, Pain and Palliative Care Management, Ethical Issues in Child Neurology
Since 1975, Dr. Kenneth Swaiman’s classic text has been the reference of choice for authoritative guidance in pediatric neurology, and the 6th Edition continues this tradition of excellence with thorough revisions that bring you fully up to date with all that’s new in the field. Five new sections, 62 new chapters, 4 new editors, and a reconfigured format make this a comprehensive and clearly-written resource for the experienced clinician as well as the physician-in-training. Nearly 3,000 line drawings, photographs, tables, and boxes highlight the text, clarify key concepts, and make it easy to find information quickly. New content includes 12 new epilepsy chapters, 5 new cerebrovascular chapters, and 13 new neurooncology chapters, as well as new chapters on neuroimmunology and neuromuscular disorders, as well as chapters focused on clinical care (e.g., Counseling Families, Practice Guidelines, Transitional Care, Personalized Medicine, Special Educational Law, Outcome Measurements, Neurorehabilitation, Impact of Computer Resources, and Training Issues). Additional new chapters cover topics related to the developmental connectome, stem cell transplantation, and cellular and animal models of neurological disease. Greatly expanded sections to increase your knowledge of perinatal acquired and congenital disorders, neurodevelopmental disabilities, pediatric epilepsy, and nonepileptiform paroxysmal disorders and disorders of sleep. Coverage of new, emerging, or controversial topics includes developmental encephalopathies, non-verbal learning disorders, and the pharmacological and future genetic treatment of neurodevelopmental disabilities.
This spin-off from Stephen M. Stahl's new, completely revised, and fully updated sixth edition of the Prescriber's Guide covers the most important drugs in use today for treating depression. Now established as the indispensable formulary in psychopharmacology, easy to navigate and easy to use, the Prescriber's Guide combines evidence-based information with clinically informed guidance to support clinicians in making the most effective prescribing decisions for the good of their patients. Incorporating information on the newest indications, new formulations, new recommendations and new safety data, this edition continues to provide the essential practical support required by anyone prescribing in the field of mental health.
The Comprehensive Treatment of the Aging Spine provides all the state-of-the-art coverage you need on both operative and non-operative treatments for different clinical pathologies of the aging spine. Dr James Yue and a team of talented, pioneering orthopedic surgeons and neurosurgeons cover hot topics like minimally invasive fusion, dynamic stabilization, state-of-the-art intraspinous and biologic devices, and more...in print and online. Search the full text and access a video library online at expertconsult.com. Master the very latest techniques and technologies through detailed step-by-step surgical instructions, tips, and pearls. Stay current on the state-of-the-art in intraspinous and biologic devices—such as Stent (Alphatec) and Optimesh Spineology; thoracic techniques—kyphoplasty, vertebroplasty, and spacers; and conservative treatment modalities—including injection therapies, acupuncture, and yoga. Make expert-guided decisions on techniques and device selection using the collective clinical experience of pioneering editors and contributors. Identify the advantages and disadvantages for the full range of available microsurgical and endoscopic techniques for management of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine pathology—minimally invasive fusion, reconstruction, decompression, and dynamic stabilization.
Mendelian Randomization: Methods For Causal Inference Using Genetic Variants provides thorough coverage of the methods and practical elements of Mendelian randomization analysis. It brings together diverse aspects of Mendelian randomization from the fields of epidemiology, statistics, genetics, and bioinformatics. Through multiple examples, the first part of the book introduces the reader to the concept of Mendelian randomization, showing how to perform simple Mendelian randomization investigations and interpret the results. The second part of the book addresses specific methodological issues relevant to the practice of Mendelian randomization, including robust methods, weak instruments, multivariable methods, and power calculations. The authors present the theoretical aspects of these issues in an easy-to-understand way by using non-technical language. The last part of the book examines the potential for Mendelian randomization in the future, exploring both methodological and applied developments. Features Offers first-hand, in-depth guidance on Mendelian randomization from leaders in the field Makes the diverse aspects of Mendelian randomization understandable to newcomers Illustrates technical details using data from applied analyses Discusses possible future directions for research involving Mendelian randomization Software code is provided in the relevant chapters and is also available at the supplementary website This book gives epidemiologists, statisticians, geneticists, and bioinformaticians the foundation to understand how to use genetic variants as instrumental variables in observational data. New in Second Edition: The second edition of the book has been substantially re-written to reduce the amount of technical content, and emphasize practical consequences of theoretical issues. Extensive material on the use of two-sample Mendelian randomization and publicly-available summarized data has been added. The book now includes several real-world examples that show how Mendelian randomization can be used to address questions of disease aetiology, target validation, and drug development
The terms 'recombinant DNA technology', 'DNA cloning', 'molecular cloning' or 'gene cloning' all refer to the same process: the transfer of a DNA fragment of interest from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element such as a bacterial plasmid. The DNA of interest can then be propagated in a foreign host cell. This technology has been around since the 1970s, and it has become a common practice in molecular biology labs today. Reproductive cloning is a technology used to generate an animal that has the same nuclear DNA as another currently or previously existing animal. Dolly was created by reproductive cloning technology. In a process called 'somatic cell nuclear transfer' (SCNT), scientists transfer genetic material from the nucleus of a donor adult cell to an egg whose nucleus, and thus its genetic material, has been removed. The reconstructed egg containing the DNA from a donor cell must be treated with chemicals or electric current in order to stimulate cell division. Once the cloned embryo reaches a suitable stage, it is transferred to the uterus of a female host where it continues to develop until birth. Therapeutic cloning, also called "embryo cloning," is the production of human embryos for use in research. The goal of this process is not to create cloned human beings, but rather to harvest stem cells that can be used to study human development and to treat disease. Stem cells are important to biomedical researchers because they can be used to generate virtually any type of specialised cell in the human body. This new book presents an up-to-date Chronology of Cloning along with current and selected abstracts dealing with cloning as well as a guide to books on the topic. Access to the abstract and books sections is provided by title, subject and author indexes.
Over 800 million people suffer from chronic hunger, and over ten million children die each year from preventable causes. These may seem like overwhelming statistics, but as Stephen Smith shows in this call to arms, global poverty is something that we can and should solve within our lifetimes. Ending Global Poverty explores the various traps that keep people mired in poverty, traps like poor nutrition, illiteracy, lack of access to health care, and others and presents eight keys to escaping these traps. Smith gives readers the tools they need to help people overcome poverty and to determine what approaches are most effective in fighting it. For example, celebrities in commercials who encourage viewers to "adopt" a poor child really seem to care, but will sending money to these organizations do the most good? Smith explains how to make an informed decision. Grass-roots programs and organizations are helping people gain the capabilities they need to escape from poverty and this book highlights many of the most promising of these strategies in some of the poorest countries in the world, explaining what they do and what makes them effective.
Now established as the indispensable formulary in psychopharmacology, this latest edition of The Prescriber's Guide has been completely revised and updated to reflect the most current practice in the use of psychotropic drugs. Easy to navigate and easy to use, The Prescriber's Guide combines evidence-based information with clinically informed guidance to support clinicians in making the most effective prescribing decisions for the good of their patients. With coverage of twelve brand-new drugs - including antidepressants, antipsychotics, hypnotics, nonstimulants for ADHD, and medical foods - and incorporating information on the newest indications, new formulations, new recommendations, and new safety data, this edition continues to provide the essential practical support required by anyone prescribing in the field of mental health"--
Tremendous progress has been made in the war on cancer, leading to improvements in cancer prevention, detection, and treatment. Together, these advances have resulted in decreasing incidences and a steadily declining death rate from cancer. However, for patients who develop stage IV cancer, cancer that has spread to distant organs, their prognosis remains grim. Conventional chemotherapy is limited in its ability to successfully eradicate metastatic disease. Therefore, new modalities and approaches are desperately needed if we are to make progress toward conquering this last mountaintop of cancer research. This book lays out the rationale for a novel therapeutic strategy using new targeted drugs to develop effective ways to treat patients with metastatic cancer. This strategy uses artificial intelligence methods to leverage the vast amounts of genomic data that have become available in recent years to develop precise and personalized methods of treating patients with metastatic cancer. This strategy, together with modern approaches to immunotherapy, offers hope to the eventual routine cure of metastatic cancer.
Safely and effectively treat a full range of skin disorders with Comprehensive Dermatologic Drug Therapy, 3rd Edition! This trusted dermatology reference provides concise, complete, up-to-date guidance on today's full spectrum of topical, intralesional, and systemic drugs. Dr. Steven E. Wolverton and a team of leading international experts clearly explain what drugs to use, when to use them, and what to watch out for. Prescribe with confidence thanks to quick-access summaries of indications/contraindications, dosage guidelines, drug interactions, drug monitoring guidelines, adverse effects, and treatment protocols. Assess your knowledge and prepare for certification or recertification with more than 800 review questions and answers throughout the book. Contain costs and meet patient expectations with purchase information provided for major drugs. Quickly evaluate drug options for each disease discussed using a highly detailed, disease-specific index. Discover the best uses for new biologic therapeutics such as ustekinumab and rituximab, as well as newly improved TNF inhibitors. Offer your patients the very latest in cosmetic procedures, including chemical peels, intradermal fillers, and botulinum toxin. Use the safest and most effective drugs possible with new chapters on irritants and allergens in topical therapeutic agents, plus a new, separate chapter on mycophenolate mofetil. Review drugs recently taken off the market by the FDA, and use that knowledge to improve your current dermatologic drug therapy. Access the complete contents online at www.expertconsult.com and perform rapid searches for drug indications, interactions, monitoring guidelines, and much more.
This book provides a unique visual and comprehensive approach to intra-operative technical errors and covers identification, consequences, repair and prevention of those errors. Detailed analyses of all reported complications for more than 80 major operations help you minimize the risk of errors in surgical procedures ranging from general, thoracic, vascular, and pediatric...to colorectal, endocrine, breast and trauma. A practical approach provides you with the essential guidance you need to make the best clinical decisions. Offers in-depth guidance on the prevention, management, and consequences of complications and pitfalls that occur before, during, and after surgery—all in one convenient resource. Organizes sections according to area of surgery for fast reference. Features a templated outline for specific procedures, allowing you to quickly review the associated pitfalls. Presents over 800 illustrations—including full-color intraoperative and postoperative photos—which enable you to follow the progression of a surgery and watch out for “problem areas, while color line drawings help you visualize complex procedures.
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