The global doubling of human life expectancy between 1850 and 1950 is arguably one of the most consequential developments in human history, undergirding massive improvements in human life and lifestyles. In 1850, Americans died at an average age of 30. Today, the average is almost 80. This story is typically told as a series of medical breakthroughs—Jenner and vaccination, Lister and antisepsis, Snow and germ theory, Fleming and penicillin—but the lion's share of the credit belongs to the men and women who dedicated their lives to collecting good data. Examining the development of death registration systems in the United States—from the first mortality census in 1850 to the development of the death certificate at the turn of the century—Count the Dead argues that mortality data transformed life on Earth, proving critical to the systemization of public health, casualty reporting, and human rights. Stephen Berry shows how a network of coroners, court officials, and state and federal authorities developed methods to track and reveal patterns of dying. These officials harnessed these records to turn the collective dead into informants and in so doing allowed the dead to shape life and death as we know it today.
Award-winning historian Berry charts the devastating effects of the Civil Waron Mary Todd Lincoln's family, and the surprising impact this struggle had onthe president.
A short and entertaining introduction to thermodynamics that uses real-world examples to explain accessibly an important but subtle scientific theory A romantic description of the second law of thermodynamics is that the universe becomes increasingly disordered. But what does that actually mean? Starting with an overview of the three laws of thermodynamics, MacArthur “genius grant" winner R. Stephen Berry explains in this short book the fundamentals of a fundamental science. Readers learn both the history of thermodynamics, which began with attempts to solve everyday engineering problems, and ongoing controversy and unsolved puzzles. The exposition, suitable for both students and armchair physicists, requires no previous knowledge of the subject and only the simplest mathematics, taught as needed. With this better understanding of one science, readers also gain an appreciation of the role of research in science, the provisional nature of scientific theory, and the ways scientific exploration can uncover fundamental truths. Thus, from a science of everyday experience, we learn about the nature of the universe.
This book tells the story of how people experienced the eighteenth-century crossing of the Atlantic Ocean, exploring the transformative journey undertaken by the thousands of Europeans who journeyed in search of a better life. Stephen Berry shows how the ships, on which passengers were contained in close quarters for months at a time, operated as compressed "frontiers," where diverse groups encountered one another and established new patterns of social organization. As he argues that experiences aboardship served as a profound conversion experience for travelers, both spiritually and culturally, Berry reframes the history of Atlantic migrations, giving the ocean and the ship a more prominent role in Atlantic history. The ocean was more than a backdropfor human events: it actively shaped historical experiences by furnishing a dissociative break from normal patterns of life and a formative stage in travelers' processes of collective identification"--
As the realities of the war became apparent, however, the letters and diaries turned from idealized themes of honor and country to solemn reflections on love and home."--Jacket.
If you want to be the best, you have to have the right skillset. From finance and strategy to leadership and marketing, THE ULTIMATE MBA BOOK is a dynamic collection of tools, techniques, and strategies for success. Discover the main themes and key ideas you need and bring it all together with practical exercises. This is your complete MBA course. ABOUT THE SERIES ULTIMATE books are for managers, leaders, and business executives who want to succeed at work. From marketing and sales to management and finance, each title gives comprehensive coverage of the essential business skills you need to get ahead in your career. Written in straightforward English, each book is designed to help you quickly master the subject, with fun quizzes embedded so that you can check how you're doing.
Strategic thinking just got easier For most aspiring managers, at some point in their careers, their Personal Development Plans will include the demand to have 'greater strategic thinking ability'. We have the perception that executives operating at board-level have this 'strategic thinking ability' but seldom find the route to obtain it for ourselves. The purpose of this book is to provide that route. Strategy, like any other discipline, can be learned and practised. This book takes you on a journey to explore what organizational strategy is, where it fits within the context of each business, and then gives an examination of internal, external, marketing, brand and competitive strategy. To progress to an executive position, a wide range of skills and attributes are required. Aspects such as good leadership skills, strong communication skills, commercial understanding and the ability to understand other people are all needed. Equal with these vital elements is the ability to have a good grasp of strategic thinking. Strategy In A Week provides the platform for you to acquire the vital skills of strategic thinking. Whether you choose to read it in a week or in a single sitting, this is your fastest route to success: - Sunday: Understand what strategy is and what it isn't - Monday: Understand what drives strategy and what strategy drives - Tuesday: Understand internal strategy - Wednesday: Understand marketing strategy - Thursday: Understand brand strategy - Friday: Understand competitive strategy - Saturday: Keep strategy going
Covering the basic mathematics taught to first year students of science and engineering, this book starts with two or three examples setting the new techniques to be studied in the context of the scientific world. Topics covered include calculus, ordinary and partial differential equations and statistics.
In this edited collection of narrative-based, critically situated essays, each contributor explores how class has affected his/her personal and academic lives. The collection is divided into three sections: i) narratives that critique the meritocracy; ii) narratives that trace the effects of middle class cultural capital on relatively new academics from the working class, and; iii) narratives that explore the effects of class on longtime academics from the working class. The effect of the collection will be cumulative. By choosing contributors from multiple disciplines, including both established and emerging voices, the text articulates the pervasiveness of class bias in this country and fleshes out the mechanisms that mask how class and power work. Such a text is critically important, both inside and outside academia, because it demystifies the academic world for those who have been restricted by it, but also engages critically trained academics and academics-in-waiting to understand and respond to the experiences of working class students. Finally, the authors hope this text will encourage other working class students to consider an academic career as an option.
This monograph develops a unified microscopic basis for phases and phase changes of bulk matter and small systems, based on classical physics. It describes the thermodynamics of ensembles of particles and explains phase transition in gaseous and liquid systems. The origins are derived from simple but physically relevant models of how transitions occur between rigid and fluid states, of how phase equilibria arise, and how they differ for small and large systems.
This book deals with the formulation of the thermodynamics of chemical and other systems far from equilibrium. It contains applications to non-equilibrium stationary states and approaches to such states, systems with multiple stationary states, stability and equi-stability conditions, reaction diffusion systems, transport properties, and electrochemical systems. The theoretical treatment is complemented by experimental results to substantiate the formulation.
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