Responsiveness to societal demands entails policy accumulation, which undermines the ability of democracies to communicate, implement and evaluate public policy.
While the causes of rampage violence have been analysed thoroughly in diverse academic disciplines, we hardly know anything about the factors that affect their consequences for public policy. This book addresses rampage shootings in Western Europe and their conditional impact on politicization and policy change in the area of gun control. The author sets out to unravel the factors that facilitate or impede the access of gun control to the political agenda in the wake of rampage shootings and analyses why some political debates lead to profound shifts of the policy status quo, while others peter out without any legislative reactions. In so doing, the book not only contributes to the theoretical literature on crisis-induced policy making, but also provides a wealth of case-study evidence on rampage shootings as empirical phenomena. In particular, the extent to which gun control gets politicized as a policy failure can either result from a bottom-up process (event severity and media pressure) or from a top-down logic (issue ownership and the electoral cycle). Including 12 case studies on the rampage shootings which have triggered a debate over the appropriateness of the affected countries ́ gun policies, it illustrates that the way political processes unfold after rampage shootings depends strongly on specific causal configurations and draws comparisons between the cases covered in the book and the way rampage shootings are typically dealt with in the United States. This text will be of key interest to scholars and students of public policy, policy analysis, European Politics and more broadly to comparative politics, criminology, psychology, and sociology. The Open Access version of this book, available at https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315209425, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Lists of figures -- List of tables -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Rampage shootings, politicization and policy change -- 2.1 Rampage shootings as potential focusing events -- 2.2 Conceptualizing politicization -- 2.3 Conceptualizing policy change -- 3 The impact of focusing events on public policy -- 3.1 Theoretical frameworks on the political process -- 3.2 The politics of gun policy -- 3.3 Typologies of crises and disasters -- 3.4 Rampage shootings in the academic literature -- 3.5 Beyond rampage shootings: findings on event-related policy change -- 3.6 Research gap and research promise -- 4 Theorizing conditions for politicization, policy change and stability -- 4.1 Theoretical expectations on the politicization of gun control -- 4.2 Theoretical expectations on policy change and stability -- 4.3 Summary of the theoretical expectations -- 5 How to study the political impact of rampage shootings -- 5.1 Scope conditions -- 5.2 Case identification procedure -- 5.3 Pool of cases and some background information -- 5.4 The methodology of (fs)QCA -- 5.5 QCA: a primer on terminology and technique -- 5.6 The varying applicability of QCA in the present research context -- 6 Paths to the (non- )politicization of gun control -- 6.1 Operationalization, measurement and descriptive information -- 6.2 Set calibration -- 6.3 Analysis of necessity -- 6.4 Analysis of sufficiency -- 6.5 Summary of the findings on politicization -- 7 When laws bite the bullet (and when they do not) -- 7.1 Great Britain -- 7.2 Germany -- 7.3 Finland -- 7.4 France -- 7.5 Austria -- 7.6 Switzerland -- 7.7 Belgium -- 7.8 Comparative assessment -- 8 Conclusion -- Appendix A: non-selected cases -- Appendix B: robustness checks for the analysis of politicization -- Index
Responsiveness to societal demands entails policy accumulation, which undermines the ability of democracies to communicate, implement and evaluate public policy.
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