Issue ownership theory is a tale of two actors. On the one hand, it theorizes how parties compete with each other in their struggle for votes. On the other hand, issue ownership is about the citizen. It claims that voters are more likely to support a party if they think it is competent to handle issues they care about. This book provides unique insights into the undertheorized and understudied links between party competence and the vote. It argues that issue ownership voting (or competence-based voting) consists of three assumptions: First, voters are primarily interested in having issues handled by a competent party. Unlike in other issue voting models this implies that voters are reluctant (or unable) to deal with the specificities of the exact solution to a political problem. Though positional considerations feed into evaluations of party competence, other factors are important, too. This is reflected by the second assumption, following which issue handling competence is a subjective preference with various sources. Third, competence is more decisive in the decision-making process if the voter cares deeply about the issue. These three assumptions yield the key formula of issue ownership voting: Voters support the most competent party on the most important issue.
In the summer of 1940 the British Isles stood isolated and alone facing the might of a seemingly unstoppable German war machine. Never before had the United Kingdom been in a state of such uncertainty and possible peril. Fortunately the full breadth of the English Channel held back Hitler's armies, and his ambition. Not so for the Channel Islands which stand just a few miles from the French coast.??To abandon British territory to the enemy was unthinkable, yet the defence of the Channel Islands was impracticable, if not impossible. It was decided, therefore, to evacuate as many as wished to leave.??This is the story of the muddled evacuation, of homes, animals and families left behind, of the German bombing of the islands, the fear of those left behind, and of those first days of German Occupation, told by the Islanders themselves through memoirs and letters, the local newspapers, and the politicians who decided the fate of tens of thousands of men women and children.
The passionate, true story of one man's quest to reclaim what the Nazis stole from his family--their beloved art collection--and to restore their legacy. Simon Goodman's grandparents came from German Jewish banking dynasties and perished in concentration camps. And that's almost all he knew--his father rarely spoke of their family history or heritage. But when he passed away, and Simon received his father's papers, a story began to emerge. The Gutmanns, as they were known then, rose from a small Bohemian hamlet to become one of Germany's most powerful banking families. They also amassed a world-class art collection that included works by Degas, Renoir, Botticelli, and many others, including a Renaissance clock engraved with scenes from the legend of Orpheus. The Nazi regime snatched everything the Gutmanns had labored to build: their art, their wealth, their social standing, and their very lives. Simon grew up in London with little knowledge of his father's efforts to recover their family's possessions. It was only after his father's death that Simon began to piece together the clues about the stolen legacy and the Nazi looting machine. He learned much of the collection had gone to Hitler and Goring; other works had been smuggled through Switzerland, sold and resold, with many pieces now in famous museums. More still had been recovered by Allied forces only to be stolen again by bureaucrats-- European governments quietly absorbed thousands of works of art into their own collections. Through painstaking detective work across two continents, Simon proved that many pieces belonged to his family, and successfully secured their return-- the first Nazi looting case to be settled in the United States. Goodman's dramatic story reveals a rich family history almost obliterated by the Nazis. It is not only the account of a twenty-year long detective hunt for family treasure, but an unforgettable tale of redemption and restoration.
Cracking the MRCS Viva is an outstanding guide to the MRCS Viva examination. Its unique approach recreates the structure and content of each individual viva, allowing the reader to self-test, or two students to recreate mock viva sessions for themselves.Divided into six sections to mirror the exam - applied surgical anatomy, operative surgery, appl
Collects Star Wars (2015) #73-75, Star Wars: Empire Ascendant (2019) #1. It’s the end of the era of hope! Rebels and rogues take center stage as this volume of Marvel’s STAR WARS comes to a close! Who exactly is Dar Champion, and how far can Leia trust him when Han’s life is on the line? What shocking lesson will Luke learn when Warba finally reveals her true self? When faced with his lost past, can C-3PO seize control of his destiny — and be the hero of his own story? And Chewbacca takes on Darth Vader in vicious hand-to-hand combat! Meanwhile, the Rebellion’s search for a new home — a base safe from the reach of the Empire — leads them to the planet Hoth! Doctor Aphra and Beilert Valance lend a hand as the Rebellion’s fate is set - and the Empire ascends!
Urgent and aggressive action to cut greenhouse gas emissions this decade is needed. As countries take stock of the Paris Agreement, this Note provides IMF staff’s annual assessment of global climate mitigation policy. Global ambition needs to be more than quadrupled: emissions cuts of 50 percent below 2019 levels by 2030 are needed for 1.5 degrees Celsius, but current targets would only achieve 11 percent. We provide options for ratcheting-up ambition equitably. Implementation could be accelerated via agreements on minimum carbon prices. Drastic increases in mitigation investment are needed, requiring policies to shift private sector incentives. Climate finance should be scaled-up, with a new goal aligned with needs in developing countries. The development and diffusion of low-carbon technologies should be accelerated collaboratively. Overall, the Paris Agreement is making progress, but a response to the Global Stocktake that prioritizes decisive action this decade is critical.
In 1940 British forces were withdrawn from the Channel Islands, allowing the Germans to occupy British territory. Hitler was determined to hold onto what he saw as a valuable prize, and the islands were heavily fortified. However, despite being extensively defended, the occupied Channel Islands remained vulnerable to commando-style raids. Indeed, a total of nine such operations were conducted between 1940 and 1943. Many others were planned but never executed. Each one was a bold and dangerous expedition, with small groups of men daring to trespass on Hitler’s cherished British stronghold. The first of these attacks, Operation Ambassador, took place on the night of 14/15 July 1940. The second ever raid undertaken by the Commandos, it was focused on the island of Guernsey. Though the mission failed to achieve any of its objectives, valuable lessons were learnt. In the weeks, months and years that followed, raids were also undertaken against Jersey, Sark, Herm, Burhou and the Casquets lighthouse off Alderney. The final attack, Hardtack 22, was one of the three carried out against the German garrison on Sark. After the second mission, Hardtack 7, had to be aborted, the Commandos returned to the island on the night of 26/27 December 1943, tasked with undertaking a reconnaissance and capturing prisoners. This too was a failure after the raiders entered a minefield; two men were killed and most of the others wounded. Compiled from official reports and first-hand accounts, each of the raids is packed with intrigue and drama – including the fear of reprisals being taken against the islanders. Each of the missions are explored on the ground today by the authors, with the routes taken and all key locations relating to each attack photographed and described. The planned but never executed raids are also explored. Never before have these stories been told in such detail, and never before in the words of those that took part in the raids and those who ultimately, were most affected.
The goal of this handbook is to enhance the practice of mediation by showing how lessons from individual mediators can be identified and made available both to their home organization (e.g., a foreign ministry, intergovernmental organization, or nongovernmental organization) and to a wider practitioner audience. More particularly, the handbook gives guidance to staff debriefing mediators who are or have been directly involved in peace negotiations. The focus here is not on self-assessments by the mediators themselves, nor on evaluations of the mediator's performance by external donors, nor on political or psychological debriefing. Instead, this handbook examines methodological debriefing: that is, interviews conducted with the goal of learning lessons about the mediation method from the experience of a specific mediator that are useful for future mediation processes. Methodological debriefing is typically conducted by individuals who have not been directly involved in the mediator's work and who do not seek to judge it but who want to learn the mediator's perspective on what was done and why it was done. Ideally, the mediator will also benefit from the interview by discovering something new through the questions posed, by having the opportunity to recount a challenging experience, or at least by having her or his experiences documented in a structured and objective manner.
BOOK SUMMARY The book delves into the heart of one of South Sudan’s most devastating conflicts, examining the profound impact of armed conflict on the social fabric of the Upper Nile State, with a particular focus on the city of Malakal. This insightful and comprehensive case study provides a nuanced exploration of the complex interplay between conflict and community dynamics. The book begins by offering a historical context, tracing the roots of conflict in the region and the factors that have contributed to its perpetuation. Drawing from extensive research and fieldwork, the author highlights the multifaceted nature of the conflict, which encompasses ethnic tensions, political rivalries and resource scarcity. It unveils the various ways in which armed conflict has disrupted the social fabric of Malakal and its surrounding areas. The book discusses the displacement of populations, the breakdown of traditional social structures and the erosion of trust among community members. It also sheds light on the challenges faced by individuals and families in coping with the trauma and psychological scars left in the wake of violence.
Che Guevara has been dead for more than forty years, and long ago renounced by Fidel Castro-and yet they are forever linked: their coming to prominence together captivated a generation. For many, their romantic struggle for freedom still resonates; for others, they simply represent the last of a dying breed of rebel warriors. Yet, while much has been written about them both, surprisingly little is known about their personalities, and even less about the 12 years of their unique and highly consequential relationship, during which they linked arms in one of the world's greatest revolutionary movements. Fidel and Che follows them on their dramatic journey from the safe houses of Mexico's political underground in the 1950s, where they began hatching their plan for revolution, to the theatre of war in the Cuban mountains, to the paneled offices of a new government (the Bay of Pigs and Cuban Missile crises happened on their watch), and to the eventual rupture of their friendship, as Che left Cuba to pursue his revolutionary dreams, only to be assassinated by the CIA in 1966. Reid-Henry also reveals the more personal world of their inner lives as friends, husbands, lovers, fathers. What began as an association of convenience became the most profound relationship of their lives. It shaped their political ambitions and their personal attitudes, compelling them further than either had previously dared imagine. But if their times inspired a revolutionary friendship, they also destroyed it, for the tragic irony was that the more historical circumstance bound them together, the more personal ambitions pulled them apart. At a momentous turning point in Cuban history, Simon Reid-Henry has crafted a fascinating and original chronicle of two of the most powerful personalities in recent memory.
An illuminating biography of Alfonso X, the 13th-century philosopher-king whose affinity for Islamic culture left an indelible mark on Western civilization "If I had been present at the Creation," the thirteenth-century Spanish philosopher-king Alfonso X is said to have stated, "Many faults in the universe would have been avoided." Known as El Sabio, "the Wise," Alfonso was renowned by friends and enemies alike for his sparkling intellect and extraordinary cultural achievements. In The Wise King, celebrated historian Simon R. Doubleday traces the story of the king's life and times, leading us deep into his emotional world and showing how his intense admiration for Spain's rich Islamic culture paved the way for the European Renaissance. In 1252, when Alfonso replaced his more militaristic father on the throne of Castile and Leóthe battle to reconquer Muslim territory on the Iberian Peninsula was raging fiercely. But even as he led his Christian soldiers onto the battlefield, Alfonso was seduced by the glories of Muslim Spain. His engagement with the Arabic-speaking culture of the South shaped his pursuit of astronomy, for which he was famed for centuries, and his profoundly humane vision of the world, which Dante, Petrarch, and later Italian humanists would inherit. A composer of lyric verses, and patron of works on board games, hunting, and the properties of stones, Alfonso is best known today for his Cantigas de Santa Marí/i> (Songs of Holy Mary), which offer a remarkable window onto his world. His ongoing struggles as a king and as a man were distilled-in art, music, literature, and architecture-into something sublime that speaks to us powerfully across the centuries. An intimate biography of the Spanish ruler in whom two cultures converged, The Wise King introduces readers to a Renaissance man before his time, whose creative energy in the face of personal turmoil and existential threats to his kingdom would transform the course of Western history.
Hegemony and the Politics of Labour takes up a question that goes to the heart of the debate about politics, capitalism, and discourse: how can labour relations and value production be understood as discursive processes? When they launched their poststructuralist discourse theory almost 40 years ago, Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe positioned the contingency of discourse and politics in sharp contrast to the deterministic tendencies of the Marxist critique of capitalism. Moving beyond Marxism as an essentialist ‘other’, discourse theory has since remained notoriously silent on questions related to the core workings of capitalism. This book is the first to bring the central categories of discourse theory into conversation with Marx’s critique of political economy. Reintegrating both traditions, it argues that the social relations of labour in capitalism emerge as a hegemonic formation. Its contribution is to extend the reach of discourse theory to the capitalist economy, exploring how a post- Marxist account of labour, value, and class connects to the contingent politics of populism. Hegemony and the Politics of Labour is an original and important contribution to the fields of discourse theory and critique of political economy.
Lauded as one of the most important poets and playwrights of the twentieth century, Federico García Lorca was also an accomplished theatre director with a clear process and philosophy of how drama should be staged. Directing both his own work and that of others, Lorca was also closely involved in the rehearsals for productions of many of his plays, and from his own writings and those of his collaborators, a determined agenda to stimulate audiences and renovate theatre can be seen. This is the first book in English to fully consider Lorca as a director and his rehearsal methodology. The book combines: - A biographical account of Lorca’s work as a director and rehearsal leader, revealing his techniques and methods of approach texts; - An exploration of his key writings on and around theatre, drawing on his talks, play introductions, and some of the dramatic works themselves; - The first translation into English of his fragment Dragón; - A detailed discussion of Lorca’s key productions, Lope de Vega’s Fuente Ovejuna (1933) for La Barraca, and his own Yerma (1934). - Specific focus on the practical applications that we can draw from Lorca’s methods, both from what survives of his own work and from the accounts of his close collaborators. As a first step towards critical understanding, and as an initial exploration before going on to further, primary research, Routledge Performance Practitioners offer unbeatable value for today’s student.
With its in-depth look at some of the themes and real-life stories behind the fiction, The Dan Brown Companion gives a unique insight into the world of one of the most successful bestselling novelists of our time. A huge Dan Brown following has emerged, determined to walk in the footsteps of his lead character Robert Langdon and to delve deeper into the fiction. Simon Cox, bestselling author of Cracking the Da Vinci Code and Illuminating Angels and Demons, now brings us this definitive guide. Questions are answered and plots thickened as we look for the clues that inspired Dan Brown. From the death of popes to the Priory of Sion, the mystery of Rennes-le-Château to the Illuminati, all the facts are finally laid bare. The Dan Brown Companion is an exceptional guide to the real world of mystery and intrigue that lies at the heart of the Robert Langdon novels and is a must-have for all Dan Brown fans.
Anders als im Briefwechsel des ersten Halbjahres 1533 begegnen nun internationale Perspektiven: Der Konzilsinitiative Karls V. begegnet Bucer wegen der vom Papst gestellten Vorbedingungen skeptisch. Er verfasst aber eine Fürbereytung zum Concilio, die zusammen mit Desiderius Erasmus’ entsprechenden Schriften den Weg zur Einheit weisen soll. Im Blick auf die Schweiz hat Bucers Reise (April bis Mai 1533) die Beziehungen gefestigt, und die Korrespondenz aus den besuchten Orten wächst an. Auch an den Ereignissen im Reich nimmt Bucer regen Anteil: Sein Interesse gilt der Lage Konstanz’ im Zinsstreit mit dem Bischof. Ulm sucht einen Nachfolger fur den verstorbenen Prediger Konrad Sam; Bucer diskutiert mit Ambrosius Blarer mögliche Kandidaten und gibt Ratschläge zum Eherecht. Aus Münster erreicht Bucer die Bitte um eine Stellungnahme zu Bernhard Rothmanns Aktivitäten, aus Nürnberg die Klage Andreas Osianders über seine Ortskollegen. Dass der Esslinger Predigerstreit mit der Entlassung von Martin Fuchs eskalierte, bedrückt Bucer sehr. Die Berufung Gervasius Schulers nach Memmingen freut Bucer, ebenso die Beruhigung der Lage in Kempten nach der Entlassung der lutherischen Prediger. Zu Augsburg intensiviert sich der Kontakt, vor allem zu Gereon Sailer. In Straßburg gelten Bucers Aktivitäten neben der Vorbereitung der Herbstsynode dem Bildungswesen. Seltene Einblicke gewahrt die Korrespondenz in Bucers Familienleben.
Includes over 100 maps of the actions, engagements and battles of the entire Peninsular War. “A full and vivid account of the Peninsula War and the Waterloo campaign as they happened in some 180 letters to his family written by Col. Frazer, commander of the Horse Artillery in both conflicts. The writer of these letters, Colonel Sir Augustus Simon Frazer, K.C.B, was born in September 1776 and a month before his fourteenth birthday he was admitted as a Gentleman Cadet into the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich... Promoted Major in June 1811 he went to the Peninsula in November 1812, and it is from this date that the letters begin. In April 1813 Frazer was appointed to command the Horse Artillery of the army and as such saw action at Salamanca, Osma, Vitoria, St Sebastian, the crossings of the Bidassoa, Nive and Adour. He was severely wounded at the siege of Bayonne on 27 February 1814 but was back for the final battle of Toulouse in April which brought hostilities against the French to a close. When war with France broke out again on Napoleon’s escape from Elba Sir Augustus joined the allied army in Flanders, under the Duke of Wellington, in March 1815 and resumed command of the Horse Artillery, the post he held during the battle of Waterloo. On return to England he was appointed commander HQ RHA, Woolwich until promoted Colonel in January 1825. Frazer was a prolific letter writer and the letters contained in this book were written to his wife, Lady Emma Frazer (whom he married in 1809) and to his wife’s sister and her husband, Major and Mrs Moore. They give a fascinating account of the stirring events of the time. 140 of them were written during the Peninsular campaign and a further 41 during the Waterloo campaign. They describe events literally as they occurred.”-Print ed.
Simon Murphy's thesis has significant impact on the wide use of the revolutionary Kepler Mission data, leading to a new understanding in stellar astrophysics. It first provides a deep characterisation and comparison of the Kepler long cadence and short cadence data, with particular insight into the Kepler reduction pipeline. It then brings together modern reviews of rotation and peculiarities in A-type stars, and their relationship with the pulsating delta Scuti stars. This is the first combined review of these subjects since the classic monograph by Sydney Wolff, "The A stars," was published three decades ago. The thesis presents a novel technique, Super-Nyquist Asteroseismology, that has opened up the asteroseismic study of thousands of Kepler stars. It shows case studies of delta Scuti stars examining amplitude growth, super-Nyquist pulsation, and pulsation in a high-amplitude, population II SX Phoenicis star in a 343-d binary. This work informs our understanding of the relation of rotation to peculiarity, hence has applications to atomic diffusion theory. This is a brilliant thesis written in an elegant and engaging style.
Conquerors, Brides, and Concubines investigates the political and cultural significance of marriages and other sexual encounters between Christians and Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula, from the Islamic conquest in the early eighth century to the end of Muslim rule in 1492. Interfaith liaisons carried powerful resonances, as such unions could function as a tool of diplomacy, the catalyst for conversion, or potent psychological propaganda. Examining a wide range of source material including legal documents, historical narratives, polemical and hagiographic works, poetry, music, and visual art, Simon Barton presents a nuanced reading of the ways interfaith couplings were perceived, tolerated, or feared, depending upon the precise political and social contexts in which they occurred. Religious boundaries in the Peninsula were complex and actively policed, often shaped by an overriding fear of excessive social interaction or assimilation of the three faiths that coexisted within the region. Barton traces the protective cultural, legal, and mental boundaries that the rival faiths of Iberia erected, and the processes by which women, as legitimate wives or slave concubines, physically traversed those borders. Through a close examination of the realities and the imagination of interfaith relations, Conquerors, Brides, and Concubines highlights the extent to which sex, power, and identity were closely bound up with one another.
Dr. Stoelting's best-selling and highly acclaimed text, Pharmacology and Physiology in Anesthetic Practice, is now in its thoroughly updated Fourth Edition. In 60 concise, clearly written chapters, this book provides comprehensive, current, clinically oriented, authoritative information on all aspects of pharmacology and physiology that are relevant to perioperative patient management. This edition includes all new drugs and new findings on actions and interactions of established drugs. More than 400 diagrams and more than 100 tables complement the text. This edition's new two-color page design will help readers spot key information. A separate drug index is included for quick reference.
One of the earliest troubadours, Marcabru was a remarkable artist and entertainer, and a figure of crucial importance to the development of the European courtly lyric. His blistering attacks on contemporary court society reveal an intellectual insider's view of the clash between clerical morality and the emerging secular ethics of love and courtesy. His fervent, often acerbic engagement with contemporary events also provides a unique southern perspective on political upheavals and crusading movements in twelfth-century Occitania and northern Spain. This new critical edition, the first for nearly 100 years, makes his complete corpus accessible to a wide readership, supplying translations, full critical apparatus, and copious textual notes, with a substantial glossary of Marcabru's extraordinarily inventive vocabulary. The introduction supplies historical information, discussion of the poet's language, and an analysis of the manuscript transmission. It also raises fresh issues of troubadour versification techniques in this formative period, and engages in a new way with the current debate about editorial methodology and medieval textual criticism. Leaflet blurb - see AN]
Issue ownership theory is a tale of two actors. On the one hand, it theorizes how parties compete with each other in their struggle for votes. On the other hand, issue ownership is about the citizen. It claims that voters are more likely to support a party if they think it is competent to handle issues they care about. This book provides unique insights into the undertheorized and understudied links between party competence and the vote. It argues that issue ownership voting (or competence-based voting) consists of three assumptions: First, voters are primarily interested in having issues handled by a competent party. Unlike in other issue voting models this implies that voters are reluctant (or unable) to deal with the specificities of the exact solution to a political problem. Though positional considerations feed into evaluations of party competence, other factors are important, too. This is reflected by the second assumption, following which issue handling competence is a subjective preference with various sources. Third, competence is more decisive in the decision-making process if the voter cares deeply about the issue. These three assumptions yield the key formula of issue ownership voting: Voters support the most competent party on the most important issue.
In recent years several cases concerning the liability of directors and officers have courted controversy. Arguments raised in such discussions oscillate between two extremes: on the one hand, the need for governing bodies to give a space to entrepreneurial discretion and on the other hand to ensure the protection of investors in and creditors of a company from the consequences of disadvantageous decisions by those bodies. In light of the geographical dispersal of the above stakeholders, the study offers a comparative insight into the liability of directors and officers in 10 key European jurisdictions (in particular, Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain and Switzerland) and 4 non-European jurisdictions (namely Brazil, Israel, Turkey and the United States). Amongst other things it investigates existing company law principles on the topic and examines their interaction with tort law and other fields with a view to suggesting principles for better stakeholder protection. National reports are complemented by an economic analysis and insurance, conflict of laws and comparative reports. The study also benefits from case study analyses.
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