The present volume, The State of Local Governance: A Compendium of Deliberations - Local Governance 2020-2021, is a compilation of analytical and critical reflections and examination of the local governance policies adapted for guaranteed sustainable habitat and shelter, health, environment, education and employment. The compendium is a product of the conversation series, Local Governance, organised by IMPRI, Impact and Policy Research Institute, New Delhi. The series meditates upon existing policies, their execution, drawbacks and successive attempts for desired results in local governance. It explores the possible strategies adopted in the post-pandemic era for sustainable habitat and environment, the problems of housing in urban localities, and the role of local government in natural disaster-stricken areas. It contemplates initiatives for inclusive city planning, safe sanitation for all, disaster resilience plans and the role of people, such as the People Power Campaign (PPC) in development discourses.
This Palgrave Pivot looks through social, economic, institutional, and environmental lenses to examine sustainable development in India and Bangladesh. The effects of climate change make this comparative study particularly pertinent, as rising sea levels and severe weather events will lead to displacement and migration, exacerbating existing issues. India and Bangladesh share similar cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds and, as a result, face similar challenges: rapid population growth, widespread poverty, food insecurity, and gender inequality. Developing a sustainable future will require policymakers to consider all of these elements in their efforts to create human security.
The system of official economic statistics in India has undergone myriad changes since Independence. There have been various developments in its administrative structures and changing levels of focus on different economic sectors. The types of datasets available for these sectors have been ever-evolving and undergo dynamic changes owing to real-time measurement and analysis using ICT. The Agricultural and Livestock Censuses capture data on the agricultural sector. For the Industries sector, Annual Survey of Industries and the Directorate of Industries in states are the two major sources of data. Since economic liberalisation in India, there has been an increased focus on the Services sector and developing a well-organised mechanism to cover it. This sector is covered by National Sample Surveys, Ministry of Corporate Affairs’ MCA-21 Database, GSTN and others. The unorganised and informal sectors of the economy also find coverage in NSS Rounds on Employment and Enterprises. The Census of India, the Economic Census, Price Indices and NSS Rounds on Consumption Expenditure, Enterprises and Employment, among others, are major sources of economic statistics as well. We also have new arrays of data for the formal sector in the form of EPFO, Direct Tax, Property Tax and others. Using this sector-wise classification of Agriculture, Industries, and Services, and also including the unorganised and informal sectors, the paper explores India’s structure of economic statistics. While the paper draws attention to recent datasets and rounds of surveys, the focus is also on the evolution of the system of official economic statistics in India. The paper highlights issues with the credibility and utility of the available data, in light of a declining GDP growth which also gives rise to more serious questions on the reliability of the country’s data architecture and system of economic statistics. It also discusses structural changes such as those of the MoSPI and NSC. The system of official economic statistics in India now faces the challenge of adapting to Information and Communication Technology. The paper thus emphasises the role of strengthening realtime and Management Information Systems’ data to enable evidence-based policymaking and planning and realise the vision of ‘New India’ and a US$ 5 trillion economy.
We live in a highly connected world, and the events and happenings in one country directly and/or indirectly impact other countries. From bilateral relations to multilateral arrangements, from diplomacy to sanctions and from globalization to protectionism, the role of small and developing states, reforms of global governance structures, and processes, non-state actors and international policy development are the areas that deserve a concerted understanding. To advance this understanding, the IMPRI Center for International Relations and Strategic Studies (CIRSS) initiated a discussion series – The State of International Affairs – #DiplomacyDialogue. Through the reach of the digital, it seeks to contribute to the world of tomorrow through ideas and ideation. Since 2020, DiplomacyDialogue has brought over one hundred experts comprising leaders across politics, government, business, media, civil society and academia. Over the past two years, these dialogues have reached to over three thousand individuals who registered to participate in these consequential deliberations. As countries make headway into becoming a responsible power in the new world order, the The State of International Affairs – #DiplomacyDialogue seeks to present the insights and analysis to scholars of international relations and those interested in the theories, dynamism, developments, trends in diplomacy, and foreign affairs. This book is a compendium of the deliberations of #DiplomacyDialogue during 2020-21, which provides a greater understanding of the complexities of unfolding events, trends, and geopolitics. Conducted via Zoom webinars and streamed live on Facebook, and later uploaded as high quality videos over YouTube and as #WebPolicyTalk: Live at IMPRI podcast, on Spotify and Google Podcasts, these events have elicited huge viewership and social media participation. These offer insights and learnings to bolster transformative actions and policy recommendations, and foster a resilient and more inclusive global society. This compendium aims to serve as a good resource to policymakers, diplomats, corporate and civil society leaders as well as researchers and students either working on or interested in international relations.
The present volume, The State of Economic Development in South Asia: A Compendium of Deliberations – Econ Dev Discussion 2020-21 is a compilation of analytical reflections and examinations of the economic growth and development in the countries of South Asia. The compendium is a product of the series, The State of Economic Development in South Asia – #EconDevDiscussion under the IMPRI South Asia Studies Center (SASC). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of disruption of markets and livelihoods across all the sectors of the economies has varied in extent and intensity. The series explores the possible strategies for recovery from the same by focusing on economic development, international and national policies, and addressing welfare and inequality. It unravels the role of governance, corporations, civil society, the populace, and other actors in realizing an equitable society. Chapter 1 highlights the ‘Government Policy and Rural Development in Bangladesh’. It addresses how Bangladesh has elevated its stature from being a least developed country to an emerging economy, and in what ways has the focus on rural development contributed to the same. Chapter 2 addresses the ‘Nationally Determined Contributions to Climate Change in Sri Lanka’, which shows how the island country stands at the risk of continued increase in global temperatures. Chapter 3 deals with the ‘Trade and Policy Shocks in Nepal amid COVID-19 Pandemic: Observations, Lessons and the Way Forward’. It shows how the small landlocked country stood at crossroads in policy decisions- prioritizing public health over other sectors. Chapter 4 addresses the ‘Changing Dynamics of India’s Trade under COVID-19: Trade Openness and Value Chain Participation’. It emphasizes the dilemma of how India responded to the interruptions in the global value chain and the implications. Chapter 5 deliberates upon the ‘Financial Inclusion in Bangladesh: Initiatives, Achievements, and Way Forward amidst COVID -19 Pandemic’. Chapter 6 focuses on ‘Designing built environment for comfort, wellbeing, and happiness in Bhutan’. It brings out a new dimension of livelihood practices and how urbanization meets the conventional in the country. Chapter 7 examines ‘The State of the Bangladesh Economy in the Times of COVID-19: Impact and the Way Forward’, and Chapter 8 deals with ‘India’s New Agricultural Laws 2020: Looking Beyond Farmers’ Concerns’. Chapter 9 delineates the ‘The State of “No-Land’s Man”: The Human Rights of Rohingyas’ that explores another dimension of development by highlighting the status of social welfare and equality across countries and its deterioration during the pandemic. Chapter 10 highlights the ‘Changing Tourism Prospects and Policy Options for Sustainable Tourism in Sri Lanka’ and Chapter 11 describes the issues related to the ‘Regional Trade and Developmental Challenges in South Asia’ and traces the trends in the economic sectors of trade and tourism owing to the restrictions on the movements of goods and humans across borders, dwindling demand, and changing fiscal and monetary policies. Chapter 12 examines the initiatives of ‘Model Gaon एक नयी सोच, एक नयी पहल’ that delineates a project concentrated at the village level. If employed, it seeks to bring the parameters of agriculture, education sanitation, among others that define development, to the center stage. Chapter 13 throws some light on ‘Enabling Micro Enterprises for Economic Growth: Entrepreneurship Development with Government Policy Interventions in Nepal’ which seeks to understand the response of various governmental regimes towards tackling the pandemic and mitigating its effects. In all, this volume addresses a wide range of topical issues that have immense policy relevance which concern the development and welfare of people in connection with the politico-socio-economic changes, which have been further complicated by COVID-19 and environmental changes.
The present volume, Practitioners' Experiences in Tackling the Second Wave of the Coronavirus Pandemic in Indian Villages: A Compendium of Statewise Deliberations - Rural Realities 2021is a compilation of intellectual and analytical deliberations on the devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural India. The compendium is a product of the series, The State of Villages- #RuralRealitiesunder the IMPRI Center for Habitat, Urban and Regional Studies (CHURS). It incorporates the composition of policymakers, practitioners, researchers, faculty, and University and college students across India and other countries. The discourses highlight the community's role in mitigating the pandemic's impact and recoupment strategies, with the lack of awareness, reluctance towards and fear of testing and isolation, hesitancy towards vaccines, and a general feeling of mistrust for the government posing as major barriers. The series focuses on the states and union territories of India, including Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Puducherry, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Goa, Jammu & Kashmir, and Ladakh. The objective is to acknowledge the geographic, socio-economic and political uniqueness and suggest recommendations in accordance with these differences.
The present volume, The State of Economic Development in South Asia: A Compendium of Deliberations – Econ Dev Discussion 2020-21 is a compilation of analytical reflections and examinations of the economic growth and development in the countries of South Asia. The compendium is a product of the series, The State of Economic Development in South Asia – #EconDevDiscussion under the IMPRI South Asia Studies Center (SASC). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of disruption of markets and livelihoods across all the sectors of the economies has varied in extent and intensity. The series explores the possible strategies for recovery from the same by focusing on economic development, international and national policies, and addressing welfare and inequality. It unravels the role of governance, corporations, civil society, the populace, and other actors in realizing an equitable society. Chapter 1 highlights the ‘Government Policy and Rural Development in Bangladesh’. It addresses how Bangladesh has elevated its stature from being a least developed country to an emerging economy, and in what ways has the focus on rural development contributed to the same. Chapter 2 addresses the ‘Nationally Determined Contributions to Climate Change in Sri Lanka’, which shows how the island country stands at the risk of continued increase in global temperatures. Chapter 3 deals with the ‘Trade and Policy Shocks in Nepal amid COVID-19 Pandemic: Observations, Lessons and the Way Forward’. It shows how the small landlocked country stood at crossroads in policy decisions- prioritizing public health over other sectors. Chapter 4 addresses the ‘Changing Dynamics of India’s Trade under COVID-19: Trade Openness and Value Chain Participation’. It emphasizes the dilemma of how India responded to the interruptions in the global value chain and the implications. Chapter 5 deliberates upon the ‘Financial Inclusion in Bangladesh: Initiatives, Achievements, and Way Forward amidst COVID -19 Pandemic’. Chapter 6 focuses on ‘Designing built environment for comfort, wellbeing, and happiness in Bhutan’. It brings out a new dimension of livelihood practices and how urbanization meets the conventional in the country. Chapter 7 examines ‘The State of the Bangladesh Economy in the Times of COVID-19: Impact and the Way Forward’, and Chapter 8 deals with ‘India’s New Agricultural Laws 2020: Looking Beyond Farmers’ Concerns’. Chapter 9 delineates the ‘The State of “No-Land’s Man”: The Human Rights of Rohingyas’ that explores another dimension of development by highlighting the status of social welfare and equality across countries and its deterioration during the pandemic. Chapter 10 highlights the ‘Changing Tourism Prospects and Policy Options for Sustainable Tourism in Sri Lanka’ and Chapter 11 describes the issues related to the ‘Regional Trade and Developmental Challenges in South Asia’ and traces the trends in the economic sectors of trade and tourism owing to the restrictions on the movements of goods and humans across borders, dwindling demand, and changing fiscal and monetary policies. Chapter 12 examines the initiatives of ‘Model Gaon एक नयी सोच, एक नयी पहल’ that delineates a project concentrated at the village level. If employed, it seeks to bring the parameters of agriculture, education sanitation, among others that define development, to the center stage. Chapter 13 throws some light on ‘Enabling Micro Enterprises for Economic Growth: Entrepreneurship Development with Government Policy Interventions in Nepal’ which seeks to understand the response of various governmental regimes towards tackling the pandemic and mitigating its effects. In all, this volume addresses a wide range of topical issues that have immense policy relevance which concern the development and welfare of people in connection with the politico-socio-economic changes, which have been further complicated by COVID-19 and environmental changes.
This Palgrave Pivot looks through social, economic, institutional, and environmental lenses to examine sustainable development in India and Bangladesh. The effects of climate change make this comparative study particularly pertinent, as rising sea levels and severe weather events will lead to displacement and migration, exacerbating existing issues. India and Bangladesh share similar cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds and, as a result, face similar challenges: rapid population growth, widespread poverty, food insecurity, and gender inequality. Developing a sustainable future will require policymakers to consider all of these elements in their efforts to create human security.
The present volume, The State of Local Governance: A Compendium of Deliberations - Local Governance 2020-2021, is a compilation of analytical and critical reflections and examination of the local governance policies adapted for guaranteed sustainable habitat and shelter, health, environment, education and employment. The compendium is a product of the conversation series, Local Governance, organised by IMPRI, Impact and Policy Research Institute, New Delhi. The series meditates upon existing policies, their execution, drawbacks and successive attempts for desired results in local governance. It explores the possible strategies adopted in the post-pandemic era for sustainable habitat and environment, the problems of housing in urban localities, and the role of local government in natural disaster-stricken areas. It contemplates initiatives for inclusive city planning, safe sanitation for all, disaster resilience plans and the role of people, such as the People Power Campaign (PPC) in development discourses.
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