This report provides information on: (1) the participation of TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families) recipients in work and work activities, the characteristics of TANF recipients, and how those characteristics have changed over time; (2) the strategies that states are using to help hard-to-employ TANF recipients get and keep jobs; and (3) the challenges that states face in planning and implementing strategies for hard-to-employ recipients.
Much attention has focused on the offshoringÓ of services to lower-wage locations abroad. Offshoring generally refers to an org. purchase of goods or services from abroad that were previously produced domestically. Extensive public debate has arisen about both the potential benefits of services offshoring, such as lower consumer prices & higher U.S. productivity, as well as the potential costs, such as increased job displacement for selected U.S. workers. This report: provides an overview of experts' views on the potential impacts of services offshoring; describes the types of policies that have been proposed in response to offshoring; & highlights some key areas where add'l. research might help advance the debate about offshoring. Illus.
The Bush administration has twice proposed reducing the Workforce Investment Act's (WIA) budget, citing large amounts of states' unspent funds carried over from the prior year. However, in light of current economic conditions, state & local workforce officials have expressed a need for more funds, not less. This report assesses whether the Dept. of Labor's spending info. is a true reflection of states' available funds. Examined the spending rate for states, what Labor does to determine how states are managing their spending, & what factors affect states' WIA expenditure. Recommends that Labor collaborate with states to clarify its definition of obligations & include this info. in determining states' available funds. Charts & tables.
Provides info. on federally funded employment and training programs (FFE&TP): (1) FFE&TP for which a key program goal is providing assistance to persons trying to find employment or improve their job skills, including data on each program's federal budget appropriation for FY 1999 and 2000 and the proportion of the appropriation used for FFE&TP services and activities; (2) the groups of individuals these programs are targeting, the services each program provides, and possible areas of overlap; and (3) the type of info. needed to assess whether these programs are duplicative and inefficient and issues to be considered in developing options to improve the overall efficiency of FFE&TP. Tables.
Increasing retirements & declining fertility rates could affect the labor force growth in many developed countries. To maintain the size & productivity of the labor force, many gov'ts. & employers have introduced strategies to keep workers, such as women & low-skilled workers, in the workforce throughout their working lives. The author was asked to: (1) describe the policies & practices implemented in other developed countries that may help women & low-wage/low-skilled workers enter & remain in the labor force; (2) examine the targeted groups¿ employment following the implementation of the policies & practices; & (3) identify the factors that affect employees¿ use of workplace benefits & the resulting implications. Charts & tables.
The U.S. Dept. of Agriculture's (USDA) Food Stamp Program is intended to help low-income individuals and families obtain a better diet by supplementing their income with benefits to purchase food. This testimony discusses two issues related to ensuring integrity of the program: (1) improper payments to food stamp participants; and (2) trafficking in food stamp benefits. For the payment error report, the auditor analyzed program quality control data and interviewed program stakeholders, including state and local officials. For the trafficking report, the auditor interviewed agency officials, visited field offices, conducted case file reviews, and analyzed data from the USDA¿s retailer database. Charts and tables.
The Personal Responsibility & Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 dramatically changed the nation's cash assistance program for needy families with children. It replaced the former program, Aid to Families with Dependent Children, with the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant, which provides states with $16.5 bill. each year through 2002 to serve this pop'n. TANF's goals include ending the dependence of needy families on gov't. benefits by promoting job preparation, work, & marriage; preventing & reducing the incidence of non-marital pregnancies; & encouraging 2-parent families. This report reviewed the procedures in place to manage TANF contracting & the problems with regard to for-profit org. Tables.
Evaluates the management of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights projects during fiscal years 1993 through 1996. Identifies examples of mismanagement in individual projects as well broader management problems at the Commission. Addresses the lack of basic management controls such as key cost information for individual aspects of Commission operations, accountability for resources, & appropriate documentation of agency operations. Includes comments form Civil Rights Commissioners & administrators. Charts & tables.
Much attention has focused on the topic of offshoringÓ of information technology (IT) & other services to lower-wage locations abroad. OffshoringÓ of services generally refers to an organization's purchase from other countries of services that it previously procured or purchased domestically, such as software programming or telephone call centers. This report: (1) describes the nature of offshoring activities & the factors that encourage offshoring, (2) discuss what U.S. government data show about the extent of this practice by the private sector & Federal & state governments, & (3) discuss available data on the potential effects of services offshoring on the U.S. economy. Charts & tables.
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