This paper has benefited by four detailed case studies2 conducted in the Indrawati river basin by IWMI/Nepal and Water and Energy Commission Secretariat/Nepal (WECS/Nepal). It documents the major concerns in relation to Melamchi project on the Indrawati basin community,and illustrates the preliminary assessment of major project impacts in the basin. This paper particularly concentrates on, the likely impacts of the water diversion project on the economic and social fronts and local water use decisions, and also on the local environment. The major findings of the study in the Indrawati basin are summarized below.
The present research aims to fill this latter gap by analyzing the experiences in the Andhi Khola Irrigation Scheme in the hills of west central Nepal. The United Mission to Nepal (UMN), in collaboration with the Department of Irrigation of His Majesty’s Government of Nepal, initiated this project in 1982. An area of 282 hectares of which only small portions received water from seasonal streams came under year-round irrigation. A distributive land reform policy was implemented in this area according to which larger farmers had to sell part of their land for resale to the landless. Moreover, the project designed and implemented a water allocation system in which everyone could earn tradable water rights (shares) through participation in construction work. In 1997, the scheme was finalized and handed over to the Andhi Khola Water Users Association (AKWUA).
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