During the past three decades of rapid industrial growth, China has suffered from devastating environmental degradation. Most scholarly and popular publications have painted a rather pessimistic picture about the worrisome trend. Yet a somewhat more optimistic view has emerged in the past decade given the Chinese government’s increased commitment to fighting industrial pollution, the public’s increased concerns regarding the adverse effects of pollution, and domestic and international civil society’s increased involvement in promoting environmental protection in China. Drawing on the authors’ extensive research on Guangdong Province and a few large cities in other provinces, this book provides an in-depth study on China’s environmental governance and regulatory enforcement in the past two decades. Section 1 examines various institutional constraints for environmental regulation enforcement at the local level and how governance reform efforts in the past decade have contributed to the lessening of those constraints. Section 2 draws on data derived from surveys and interviews conducted in multiple cities and times; it examines the dominant regulatory enforcement styles of local environmental protection bureaus and how these styles vary across different regions and over time. Section 3 examines how various stakeholders—the general public, environmental groups, government entities, and corporations—affect the environmental governance process. Overall, the book presents a cautiously optimistic view on the evolution of environmental governance in China. While highlighting many political, institutional, social, and economic constraints, it also documents many changes that have taken place—including reform efforts from within the government administrative system, increasingly societal concerns and actions, and changing attitudes among corporate executives—potentially paving the way for more effective environmental governance in the future.
This is one of six titles resulting from the Ethnicity and Fertility in Southeast Asia Project that commenced in 1980. Building upon the results of an earlier study, which established that ethnicity was a significant factor underlying the fertility differentials among the various ethnic groups in Southeast Asia, the project aimed to explore in greater detail the extent to which ethnicity and ethnic factors such as ethnic attitudes, ethnic identification and cultural practices influenced reproductive behaviour. Instead of utilizing secondary sources, the project relied on primary data collected through the survey technique. In all, twenty ethnic groups from the five ASEAN countries were surveyed in this study which spanned a period of three years.
Mei Chen is the apple of her parents’ eyes. As she grows up in 1930s Dong City, China, she is loved, cherished, and spoiled by her parents who value education above everything else and hope their daughter will one day attend a prestigious university. Mei’s childhood is idyllic—until Japan invades China and sets both her and her family down an unexpected path full of obstacles. As Mei matures into a beautiful thirteen-year-old, she becomes engaged to a thirty-year-old college professor with the hope that she can save her family from more heartache. After she and Linkan Wang eventually marry, Mei gives birth to twin girls, Xiaoluo and Xiaojia, in 1947 and does her best to raise them through turbulent, dangerous times. As destiny leads the twins to eventually immigrate to San Francisco without knowing the language, Shan Shan and Shui Shui must somehow survive the cultural revolution and a conflicting relationship between their native country and the United States to achieve their dreams. In this poignant tale of love and loss, a mother and her twin daughters must rely on their inner-strength and courage to persevere through hardships within both China and the United States.
An Introduction to the Machine Learning Empowered Intelligent Data Center Networking Fundamentals of Machine Learning in Data Center Networks. This book reviews the common learning paradigms that are widely used in data centernetworks, and offers an introduction to data collection and data processing in data centers. Additionally, it proposes a multi-dimensional and multi-perspective solution quality assessment system called REBEL-3S. The book offers readers a solid foundation for conducting research in the field of AI-assisted data center networks. Comprehensive Survey of AI-assisted Intelligent Data Center Networks. This book comprehensively investigates the peer-reviewed literature published in recent years. The wide range of machine learning techniques is fully reflected to allow fair comparisons. In addition, the book provides in-depth analysis and enlightening discussions on the effectiveness of AI in DCNs from various perspectives, covering flow prediction, flow classification, load balancing, resource management, energy management, routing optimization, congestion control, fault management, and network security. Provides a Broad Overview with Key Insights. This book introduces several novel intelligent networking concepts pioneered by real-world industries, such as Knowledge Defined Networks, Self-Driving Networks, Intent-driven Networks and Intent-based Networks. Moreover, it shares unique insights into the technological evolution of the fusion of artificial intelligence and data center networks, together with selected challenges and future research opportunities.
This book presents a new research topic in statistics ? vertical density representation (VDR). The theory of VDR has been found to be useful for developing new ideas and methodologies in statistics and management science. The first paper related to VDR appeared in 1991. Several others have since been published and work is continuing on the topic. The purpose of this book is to survey the results presented in those papers and provide some new, unpublished results.VDR may be regarded as a special kind of transformation. By assuming that a variate is uniformly distributed on the contours of a given function in real n-dimensional space, and considering the density of the ordinate of the given function, the density of the original variate can be represented. The book discusses basic results and extensions. In particular, the uniform assumption on contours is relaxed to the general case. Applications are presented in Monte Carlo simulation, chaos-based uniform random number generation, and what may be called behavioral estimation. In addition, the authors include a new result in analyzing correlation into two separate components, which provides flexibility in modeling correlated phenomena, such as when combining expert estimates.
How Christian is Christian counselling? In what ways should one’s counselling practice be conducted in order to fulfil one’s role as a Christian counsellor? Is there a counselling practice that truly penetrates into the secular approaches while remaining faithful to the Christian traditions of healing? What are the theological roots of secular counselling? How may secular counselling both reinforce and challenge the Christian faith? In answering these questions, this book engages readers to navigate between two frames of reference: one Eastern, secular, social scientific, and modern; the other Western, Christian, theological, and traditional. At levels of both theory and practice, this book undertakes to integrate, synthesize, hybridize, revise, dichotomize and antagonize the two. It proposes a revised presence-centred counselling approach which may serve as a perspective that helps us to see things in more depth as we shuttle back and forth between the two frames. This book thus negotiates a revised presence-centred form of counselling that is theologically grounded, social scientifically informed, and cross-culturally sensitive. As the author’s counselling practice proceeds mainly in societies where Chinese is the majority, the cross-cultural examinations and proposals offered in this book have been bred in a space where Chinese culture meets the Christian (Protestantism in particular) West. This book is an outgrowth of the author’s experience teaching Christian counselling courses for 17 years and his 30-year clinical practice experience in places where East meets West, namely Hong Kong and South China (Guangdong Province).
This brief provides readers a complete and self-contained resource for information about DDoS attacks and how to defend against them. It presents the latest developments in this increasingly crucial field along with background context and survey material. The book also supplies an overview of DDoS attack issues, DDoS attack detection methods, DDoS attack source traceback, and details on how hackers organize DDoS attacks. The author concludes with future directions of the field, including the impact of DDoS attacks on cloud computing and cloud technology. The concise yet comprehensive nature of this brief makes it an ideal reference for researchers and professionals studying DDoS attacks. It is also a useful resource for graduate students interested in cyberterrorism and networking.
Deeper economic integration within the Caribbean has been a regional policy priority since the establishment of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and the decision to create the Caribbean Single Market and Economy (CSME). Implementation of integration initiatives has, however, been slow, despite the stated commitment of political leaders. The “implementation deficit” has led to skepticism about completing the CSME and controversy regarding its benefits. This paper analyzes how Caribbean integration has evolved, discusses the obstacles to progress, and explores the potential benefits from greater integration. It argues that further economic integration through liberalization of trade and labor mobility can generate significant macroeconomic benefits, but slow progress in completing the institutional arrangements has hindered implementation of the essential components of the CSME and progress in economic integration. Advancing institutional integration through harmonization and rationalization of key institutions and processes can reduce the fixed costs of institutions, providing the needed scale and boost to regional integration. Greater cooperation in several functional policy areas where the region is facing common challenges can also provide low-hanging fruit, creating momentum toward full integration as the Community continues to address the obstacles to full economic integration.
What enables women to hold firm in their beliefs in the face of long years of hostile persecution by the Communist party/state? How do women withstand daily discrimination and prolonged hardship under a Communist regime which held rejection of religious beliefs and practices as a patriotic duty? Through the use of archival and ethnographic sources and of rich life testimonies, this book provides a rare glimpse into how women came to find solace and happiness in the flourishing, female-dominated traditions of local Islamic women’s mosques, Daoist nunneries and Catholic convents in China. These women passionately – often against unimaginable odds – defended sites of prayer, education and congregation as their spiritual home and their promise of heaven, but also as their rightful claim to equal entitlements with men.
Even if you fall on a mountain and rely on the water to dry up and heaven and earth to test your parents, it's still not as safe as relying on your own abilities."Du Jinsi thought he wasn't very smart, but he was still just barely self-reliant.The only thing was that the heavens were unfair. It was unfair to let a little girl like her survive in the midst of a great struggle for power.There was no use complaining, she could just sit there and complain.It was a pity that complaining could not solve the problem.See how she twists and turns among the princes with their own ulterior motives, play with imperial power, despise imperial power, and step on all those who look down on her.
This book covers and makes four major contributions: 1) analyzing and surveying the pros and cons of current approaches for identifying rumor sources on complex networks; 2) proposing a novel approach to identify rumor sources in time-varying networks; 3) developing a fast approach to identify multiple rumor sources; 4) proposing a community-based method to overcome the scalability issue in this research area. These contributions enable rumor source identification to be applied effectively in real-world networks, and eventually diminish rumor damages, which the authors rigorously illustrate in this book. In the modern world, the ubiquity of networks has made us vulnerable to various risks. For instance, viruses propagate throughout the Internet and infect millions of computers. Misinformation spreads incredibly fast in online social networks, such as Facebook and Twitter. Infectious diseases, such as SARS, H1N1 or Ebola, have spread geographically and killed hundreds of thousands people. In essence, all of these situations can be modeled as a rumor spreading through a network, where the goal is to find the source of the rumor so as to control and prevent network risks. So far, extensive work has been done to develop new approaches to effectively identify rumor sources. However, current approaches still suffer from critical weaknesses. The most serious one is the complex spatiotemporal diffusion process of rumors in time-varying networks, which is the bottleneck of current approaches. The second problem lies in the expensively computational complexity of identifying multiple rumor sources. The third important issue is the huge scale of the underlying networks, which makes it difficult to develop efficient strategies to quickly and accurately identify rumor sources. These weaknesses prevent rumor source identification from being applied in a broader range of real-world applications. This book aims to analyze and address these issues to make rumor source identification more effective and applicable in the real world. The authors propose a novel reverse dissemination strategy to narrow down the scale of suspicious sources, which dramatically promotes the efficiency of their method. The authors then develop a Maximum-likelihood estimator, which can pin point the true source from the suspects with high accuracy. For the scalability issue in rumor source identification, the authors explore sensor techniques and develop a community structure based method. Then the authors take the advantage of the linear correlation between rumor spreading time and infection distance, and develop a fast method to locate the rumor diffusion source. Theoretical analysis proves the efficiency of the proposed method, and the experiment results verify the significant advantages of the proposed method in large-scale networks. This book targets graduate and post-graduate students studying computer science and networking. Researchers and professionals working in network security, propagation models and other related topics, will also be interested in this book.
Water engineers require knowledge of stochastic, frequency concepts, uncertainty analysis, risk assessment, and the processes that predict unexpected events. This book presents the basics of stochastic, risk and uncertainty analysis, and random sampling techniques in conjunction with straightforward examples which are solved step by step. In addition, appropriate Excel functions are included as an alternative to solve the examples, and two real case studies is presented in the last chapters of book.
This is a study of Chinese Hui Muslim women's historic and unrelenting spiritual, educational, political and gendered drive for an institutional presence in Islamic worship and leadership: 'a mosque of one's own' as a unique feature of Chinese Muslim culture. The authors place the historical origin of women's segregated religious institutions in the Chinese Islamic diaspora's fight for survival, and in their crucial contribution to the cause of ethnic/religious minority identity and solidarity. Against the presentation of complex historical developments of women's own site of worship and learning, the authors open out to contemporary problems of sexual politics within the wider society of socialist China and beyond to the history of Islam in all its cultural diversity.
Computer Capacity Planning: Theory and Practice deals with the theory and practice of computer capacity planning. Topics covered range from the tasks involved in computer capacity planning (inventory, workload measures and characterization, performance measurement, etc.) to environmental influences on computer capacity planning practices. An empirical study of computer capacity planning practices is also discussed, and the component approach is compared with the system modeling approach. Comprised of six chapters, this book begins with an introduction to the theories and techniques on computer capacity planning, along with the significance of computer capacity planning and the major elements in the process of computer capacity planning. The functions of each element are explained and the various techniques and tools for carrying out these functions are presented. The next chapter shows how these elements can be tied together to achieve the objective of computer capacity planning, that is, matching computer resources to computer workload in a cost-effective manner. The second part of the book examines how different organizations may adopt different capacity planning methods and how to improve the applicability of the theory and the quality of the practice on computer capacity planning. This monograph should be of interest to researchers, data processing managers, and analysts including those in charge of computer capacity planning and performance evaluation; auditors and quality assurance personnel; equipment manufacturers and software developers; and students in information sciences.
In the process of transforming modern manufacturing into intelligent manufacturing, more and more manufacturing processes are being deployed digitally on the Internet. As a novel digital industrial infrastructure and new application ecology, Industrial Internet could integrate the novel information and communication technology into various industrial manufacturing processes, through the safe and reliable intelligent interconnection of factors concerning people, machines and things. It aims at significantly improving the digitalization, networking and intelligence of manufacturing processes through the comprehensive interconnection of all manufacturing factors. To deploy and run traditional manufacturing processes on Industrial Internet efficiently, corresponding digital technical means are called for. These technical means play an important role in many potential applications of intelligent manufacturing, e.g. integrating product lifecycle data, strengthening industrial chain cooperation, providing decision-making service information oriented on the production organization process, and providing data support for product optimization and upgrading. This book focuses on the theory, techniques and means for integrating intelligent Industrial Internet applications deployed via mobile edge computing. Concretely, it mainly studies the intelligent theory, techniques and means from a problem-driven and demand-driven perspective, which supports collaborative design, agile manufacturing, remote operation and maintenance on Industrial Internet. These technologies primarily include Industrial Internet-centric intelligent resource scheduling methods, various types of industrial data privacy protection, intelligent version management technologies supporting digital twin applications, various data mining algorithms for intelligent execution of business processes, etc. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable theoretical and technical resource for project managers, technical developers, researchers, educators and students at colleges and universities.
Bringing together both new and old results, Theory of Factorial Design: Single- and Multi-Stratum Experiments provides a rigorous, systematic, and up-to-date treatment of the theoretical aspects of factorial design. To prepare readers for a general theory, the author first presents a unified treatment of several simple designs, including completely randomized designs, block designs, and row-column designs. As such, the book is accessible to readers with minimal exposure to experimental design. With exercises and numerous examples, it is suitable as a reference for researchers and as a textbook for advanced graduate students. In addition to traditional topics and a thorough discussion of the popular minimum aberration criterion, the book covers many topics and new results not found in existing books. These include results on the structures of two-level resolution IV designs, methods for constructing such designs beyond the familiar foldover method, the extension of minimum aberration to nonregular designs, the equivalence of generalized minimum aberration and minimum moment aberration, a Bayesian approach, and some results on nonregular designs. The book also presents a theory that provides a unifying framework for the design and analysis of factorial experiments with multiple strata (error terms) arising from complicated structures of the experimental units. This theory can be systematically applied to various structures of experimental units instead of treating each on a case-by-case basis.
The era of the Three Kingdoms was a time of chaotic wars. The times created heroes, and the chaotic times were the best stage for heroes to display their talents. The era of the Three Kingdoms was destined to be an era where heroes emerged.
Presenting a comprehensive study of the Poisson-Dirichlet distribution, this volume emphasizes recent progress in evolutionary dynamics and asymptotic behaviors. The self-contained text presents methods and techniques that appeal to researchers in a wide variety of subjects.
In this book, the authors highlight the latest research findings on the security and privacy of federated learning systems. The main attacks and counterattacks in this booming field are presented to readers in connection with inference, poisoning, generative adversarial networks, differential privacy, secure multi-party computation, homomorphic encryption, and shuffle, respectively. The book offers an essential overview for researchers who are new to the field, while also equipping them to explore this “uncharted territory.” For each topic, the authors first present the key concepts, followed by the most important issues and solutions, with appropriate references for further reading. The book is self-contained, and all chapters can be read independently. It offers a valuable resource for master’s students, upper undergraduates, Ph.D. students, and practicing engineers alike.
The pair of buddhist bracelets had changed the fates of the two peerless women.The third year girl, Meng Fan, couldn't withstand the pressure of the college entrance examination. She ran to the temple to burn incense, but coincidentally met the Ming Dynasty candidate lady who was waiting to be chosen. The two Girl s became sisters and used a pair of strange bracelets to exchange for their souls. In ancient times, Meng Fan actually fell in love with the future emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yunbai. For the sake of love, she chose to enter the palace as her concubine. Guan Qing, on the other hand, was a talented woman. In the modern era, she was able to get into a famous university in just a few months' time with astounding talent. A school belle and a favorite concubine, just watch and see how these two extraordinary women will translate their shocking legends from ancient times to modern times!
A thousand years ago, Mo Xun was accidentally swallowed by a spatial crack and entered the cultivation world. A thousand years later, he came back to earth, but only seven years had passed on Earth! Furthermore, his wife even gave birth to a girl, who is his daughter! His wife is beautiful, the child is cute. He had wanted to stay at home and live a simple life, but unexpectedly, he was left with a huge amount of debts. Mo Xun sighed and had no choice but to help his wife and daughter create a land of happiness...
By mistake, she had entered the wolf's mouth and was imprisoned by Qin Zian, who had misunderstood that he had stolen something of importance from him. At first sight, he said, "Give me my things." She casually said, "If you want something, you don't have it.
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