Playwrights and Literary Games in Seventeenth-Century China: Plays by Tang Xianzu, Mei Dingzuo, Wu Bing, Li Yu, and Kong Shangren is a full-length study of chuanqi (romance) drama, a sophisticated form with substantial literary and meta-theatrical value that reigned in Chinese theater from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries and nourished later theatrical traditions including jingju (Beijing Opera). Highly educated dramatists used chuanqi to present in artistic form personal, social, and political concerns of their time. There were six outstanding examples of these trends, considered masterpieces in their time and ever since. This study presents them in their social and cultural context during the long seventeenth century (1580D1700), the period of great experimentation and political transition. The romantic spirit and independent thinking of the late Ming elite stimulated the efflorescence of the chuanqi, and that legacy was inherited and investigated during the second half of the seventeenth-century in early Qing. Jing Shen examinees the texts to demonstrate that the playwrights appropriate, convert, or misinterpret other genres or literary works of enduring influence into their plays to convey subtle and subversive expressions in the fine margins between tradition and innovation, history and theatrical re-presentation. By exploring the components of romance in texts from late Ming to early Qing, Shen reveals creative readings of earlier themes, stories, plays and the changing idea of romanticism for chuanqi drama. This study also shows the engagement of literati playwrights in closed literary circles in which chuanqi plays became a tool by which literati playwrights negotiated their agency and social stature. The five playwrights whose works are analyzed in this book had different experiences pursuing government service as scholar-officials; some failed to achieve high office. But their common concerns and self-conscious literary choices reveal important insights into the culture of the seventeenth century, and into the sociopolitical implications of the chuanqi genre. In addition to classical Chinese commentaries on chuanqi drama, this book uses modern critical theories and terminology on Western drama to enhance the analysis of chuanqi plays.
A comprehensive examination of advanced battery management technologies and practices in modern electric vehicles Policies surrounding energy sustainability and environmental impact have become of increasing interest to governments, industries, and the general public worldwide. Policies embracing strategies that reduce fossil fuel dependency and greenhouse gas emissions have driven the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), including hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), pure electric vehicles (PEVs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PHEVs). Battery management systems (BMSs) are crucial components of such vehicles, protecting a battery system from operating outside its Safe Operating Area (SOA), monitoring its working conditions, calculating and reporting its states, and charging and balancing the battery system. Advanced Battery Management Technologies for Electric Vehicles is a compilation of contemporary model-based state estimation methods and battery charging and balancing techniques, providing readers with practical knowledge of both fundamental concepts and practical applications. This timely and highly-relevant text covers essential areas such as battery modeling and battery state of charge, energy, health and power estimation methods. Clear and accurate background information, relevant case studies, chapter summaries, and reference citations help readers to fully comprehend each topic in a practical context. Offers up-to-date coverage of modern battery management technology and practice Provides case studies of real-world engineering applications Guides readers from electric vehicle fundamentals to advanced battery management topics Includes chapter introductions and summaries, case studies, and color charts, graphs, and illustrations Suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate coursework, Advanced Battery Management Technologies for Electric Vehicles is equally valuable as a reference for professional researchers and engineers.
Emission inventory is basic for the understanding of environmental behaviors and potential effects of compounds, however, current inventories are often associated with relatively high uncertainties. One important reason is the lack of emission factors (EFs), especially for the residential solid fuel combustion in developing countries. In the present study, emission factors of a group of pollutants including particulate matter, organic carbon, elemental carbon (sometimes known as black carbon) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were measured for a variety of residential solid fuels including coal, crop straw, wood, and biomass pellets in rural China. The study provided a large number of emission factors that can be further used in emission estimation. Composition profiles and isomer ratios were investigated and compared so as to be used in source apportionment. In addition, the present study identified and quantified the influence of factors like fuel moisture, volatile matter on emission performance. The publication of the study will be of interest and helpful to the readers in the field of air pollution, human health, fuel saving and energy consumption etc. Guofeng Shen works at the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Environmental Sciences, China.
Li Yannan felt that in her previous life, she must have sworn too many times to be struck by lightning to challenge the family of the farmers who had lived to their limits — her parents dying early, her brothers being young, and a bunch of unknown relatives ...But did the God of Travels think he could knock her down just like that? Li Yannan evilly laughed. Girls that loved buying online would not have bad luck at all, let's see how she would hug the system tightly, display her skills, and bring the entire village to prosperity!
This book provides a comprehensive overview of data security in cloud storage, ranging from basic paradigms and principles, to typical security issues and practical security solutions. It also illustrates how malicious attackers benefit from the compromised security of outsourced data in cloud storage and how attacks work in real situations, together with the countermeasures used to ensure the security of outsourced data. Furthermore, the book introduces a number of emerging technologies that hold considerable potential – for example, blockchain, trusted execution environment, and indistinguishability obfuscation – and outlines open issues and future research directions in cloud storage security. The topics addressed are important for the academic community, but are also crucial for industry, since cloud storage has become a fundamental component in many applications. The book offers a general introduction for interested readers with a basic modern cryptography background, and a reference guide for researchers and practitioners in the fields of data security and cloud storage. It will also help developers and engineers understand why some current systems are insecure and inefficient, and move them to design and develop improved systems.
The year the martial path fell, a golden star descended from the sky above the Qiankun Continent. It shone brightly and landed on a giant meteorite atop the mountain peak of the mainland. From that moment onwards, there was a new rising star with limitless potential in the Qiankun Continent. The reincarnated Yu Han swore that he would turn the tides of heaven and earth around him right now. Even if the entire Qiankun continent were to be turned upside down, he vowed to restart the martial world, destroy the entire sect, and return to the peak.
It was a weird case. All the clues pointed to the dead ghost as the culprit. No one knew that it was to confuse the crowd. Using a gas poisoning case as a medium, there were two people killed. One was a female police officer who was in charge of the records room at the police station, while the other was a long dead criminal. The condemned man had died before moving into the apartment, and it was terrible how the signs had led him to turn on the gas, a dead man, and to the death of the policewoman. The story slowly became complicated and confusing ...
The protagonist was a lazy person, and he was determined to be a popinjay. The main character could only cry out in frustration, "When will my path as a popinjay be opened?" [Previous Chapter] [Table of Contents] [Next Chapter] But when he looked back, he laughed shamelessly, because he discovered that he could become a popinjay at any time, because his backer was "tall!" Faced with the "God's dimension" and "God's game" from another universe, the main character shouted, "I'm a kind playboy, how could I fight with you? Wouldn't that damage my prestige?" He then shouted, "Violet Feather!" [Close]
If someone else reincarnated, even if they were trash, they would still be human. Why am I reincarnated as a cat? It's fine if I turned into a cat. Other people entering the academy to act cool and have a relationship was fine, but I became a teacher with my life on the line. Furthermore, the class I took was the most useless one in the entire academy. It's not suitable for me to play the pig to eat the tiger. I can only slap my face to make it look fat. Everything is as I remember it ...
Theatre in Ming China represents a golden age of Asian performance, when an enthusiasm for theatre on the part of the national populace became a nationwide phenomena. Theatre occupied a particularly important place in the life of the elite, for whom owning a theatre troupe was highly fashionable and for whom theatre performances were an integral part of formal gatherings, various rituals and ceremonies. This book provides an overview of elite theatre in Ming China. It is based on an exploration of the original historical records, and includes comparisons with other forms of ancient theatre, and an examination of the details of theatrical performance.
This book aims to empirically and theoretically study how the economic growth and inequality affected China’s rural poverty since China’s reform and opening-up. Apart from the trickle-down effect, some empirical researches show that rising inequality usually links with unfairly shared of the economic growth, which is not good for the poor, and this book particularly concerns with the impact of inequality on poverty reduction. In 11 chapters, it leads readers to review the dynamic changes of rural poverty in China, and estimates rural poverty by various methods, for instance, with analysis by monetary poverty (including income and expenditure poverty), multidimensional poverty, absolute poverty, and relative poverty. Especially attention is paid to apply the “growth-inequality-poverty triangle” model for long-term poverty dynamic changes evaluation. The book revisits poverty reduction strategies in different development periods for rural China and evaluates the poverty eradication achievements stage-by-stage under different analytical methods, in order to provide an objective assessment. Among the chapters, pro-poor growth, Shapley decomposition, poverty elasticity, density estimation, multidimensional poverty analysis, and policy simulation methods are applied for both national wide discussion and rural sub-group heterogeneity analysis. In addition to students, teachers, and researchers in the areas of development, economic growth, equity, and welfare, the book is also of great interest to policy makers, planners, and non‐government agencies who are concerned with understanding and addressing poverty-related issues in the developing countries.
One of them was a young man who had been involved in cultivation since he was a child. One was a young man who wanted to bring prosperity to his country. The other was a man with lofty ambitions. In order to cheer up China, he would use all sorts of methods. Money, beauties, power, and status had all become nothing in his eyes. Only the strength of his countrymen was his ultimate dream. And how the protagonist uses his special ability to develop his own power.
Shen Fu's Six Records of a Life Adrift is the most intimate document at our disposal of private life in late imperial China. Graham Sanders now provides us with a new translation for the 21st century, which is not only well researched but also highly readable". --Wilt Idema, Harvard University
This book comprehensively covers the topics of origin and distribution, evolution and types, regional and global importance, biodiversity conservation, plant-soil interfaces, ecosystem functions and services, social-ecological systems, climate change adaptations, land degradation and restoration, grazing management and pastoral production, and sustainable future of the grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), which is a globally unique eco-region called the "Roof of the World" because of its high elevation, “Third Pole on Earth" because of its alpine environment and the "Water Tower in Asia" because of its headwater location. The grassland ecosystem covers above 60% of QTP, which is about 2.5 million km2, 1/4 of Chinese total territorial lands. The grassland ecosystem of the QTP (the Third Pole) is an important part of the palaearctic region, which features alpine cover and low oxygen. The Third Pole's grasslands not only provide important ecosystem functions such as biodiversity conservation, carbon storage, water resource regulation, climate control, and natural disaster mitigation at a global scale, but also provide critical ecosystem services such as pastoral production, cultural inheritance, and tourism and recreation at local and regional scales. The purposes of this monograph are to address the following questions: (1) What are the special features of the Third Pole's grasslands? (2) How have climate changes and human activities changed the structures and functions of the Third Pole's grasslands? (3) How can we cope with land degradation and climate change through innovative restoration and protective actions for Third Pole's grasslands? And (4) How can we promote the sustainable development of social-ecological systems of the Third Pole's grasslands through best management practices including grazing? The goal of this book is to attract the attention of international audiences to realize the importance of the Third Pole’s grasslands, and to call for the actions of global communities to effectively protect and sustainably use the Third Pole's grasslands. This book can be served as textbooks, teaching materials and documentaries for different audiences. The target audiences include students, teachers, researchers, policy makers, planners, government officials, and NGOs in agricultural, environmental and natural resources sectors.
The memoir of Shen, age 12 at the start of the Cultural Revolution in 1966, recounts being complicit in arduous Red Guard activities that directly or indirectly led to several gruesome deaths of political "enemies"--And later falling in love with and marrying the daughter of a man brutally tortured and killed by one of his fellow Red Guards.
The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art has been the most important mathematical source in China for the past 2000 years, comparable in significance to Euclid's Elements in the West. The Nine Chapters quickly acquired a distinguished reputation, and was the standard mathematics textbook in China and the surrounding regions until Western science was introduced in about 1600. This volume contains the first complete English translation of the Nine Chapters, together with the illuminating commentary of Liu Hui written in the 3rd century AD and other early century commentaries and further insights provided by the translators. The Nine Chapters contains 246 problems and their solutions, which fall into nine categories that are firmly based on practical needs. There are methods for solving problems in areas such as land measurement, construction, agriculture, commerce, and taxation, while the Chinese commentators provide the algorithms needed to solve the problems, and explanations of how the algorithms work. The translators' commentary provides clear and accessible background material for the Western reader, explanations of technicalities, and notes on the treatment of similar or identical mathematical problems in other countries. This first, full-English translation gives us an idea of the distinctive style and important contributions that have been made by traditional Chinese mathematics.
In this atlas, 242 species of the Chinese Mecoptera are illustrated. For most species, the present pictures of the adults and the male genitalia are provided and a geographical distribution map is also available for every species. This book is aiming at not only the audiences such as general entomological researchers and hobbyists but also the forefront workers in the disciplines of agriculture and forestry as a practical reference.
Legend every thousand years on the purple dust continent will appear a very powerful evil soul every time the evil soul appears will set off a bloody storm countless people on the continent are in the process of fighting with the evil soul fall the last time evil soul appears it is in ancient forest numerous day soul person is black soul person all fall down again even pass through everybody hard battle 300 days evil soul just is defeated but when all people think that the evil soul has died but no one noticed a trace of evil soul yuan soul quietly fell on the ground to hide after a thousand years the evil soul that contained a thousand years will appear again what appear at the same time also has before that a trace of evil soul yuan soul
The intern Zhang Yu occasionally obtains the future medical system, the life here starts to go wild, the arms are thin ring fat, violently beat all the disgruntled! To become the world's respected genius doctor in many years, this was a legend that he alone could not surpass!
The only exception was the Immortal Hero! Sword, the king of weapons! Immortal enlightenment was a matter of life and death, and was eternal! Sword Immortal, Heaven's Sword, and Grounds!
It was a completely different experience with women, eunuchs, and men! It was a huge and complicated place. It was a place where the six countries competed for hegemony and the martial arts world surged with commotion! Does Top Four Beauties want it? No, no, no! Do you want the Five Great God Artifact? Who would want it for free! To become a man, one needed to be such a top quality man, the fate of the world. How could Ling Tianfeng, an outsider, change such a thing? Ps1: God said, the collection of this book will be a happy life! Ps2: God also said that the man who subscribes to this book will have endless wealth and beauties.
An eyewitness account of Tiananmen Spring, available once again to commemorate the ten year anniversary of these historic events of China's recent past
Questions of national identity have long dominated China’s political, social, and cultural horizons. So in the early 1900s, when diverse groups in China began to covet foreign science in the name of new technology and modernization, questions of nationhood came to the fore. In Unearthing the Nation, Grace Yen Shen uses the development of modern geology to explore this complex relationship between science and nationalism in Republican China. Shen shows that Chinese geologists—in battling growing Western and Japanese encroachment of Chinese sovereignty—faced two ongoing challenges: how to develop objective, internationally recognized scientific authority without effacing native identity, and how to serve China when China was still searching for a stable national form. Shen argues that Chinese geologists overcame these obstacles by experimenting with different ways to associate the subjects of their scientific study, the land and its features, with the object of their political and cultural loyalties. This, in turn, led them to link national survival with the establishment of scientific authority in Chinese society. The first major history of modern Chinese geology, Unearthing the Nation introduces the key figures in the rise of the field, as well as several key organizations, such as the Geological Society of China, and explains how they helped bring Chinese geology onto the world stage.
He, summer, was an orphan. Growing up in an orphanage, on the late autumn night when he was ten years old, there was a fire in the orphanage. In order to save his brothers and sisters, he was caught in fire. Five years later in real life, he heavily ...
This book focuses on the topology theory of mechanisms developed by the authors and provides a systematic method for the topology design of robot mechanisms. The main original theoretical contributions of this book include: A. Three basic concepts · The “geometrical constraint type of axes” is introduced as the third element of the topological structure of a mechanism. When it is combined with the other two elements, the kinematic pair and the connection of links, the symbolic expression of the topological structure is independent of the motion positions (except for the singularity positions) and the fixed coordinate system (Chapter 2). · The position and orientation characteristic (POC) set is used to describe the POC of the relative motion between any two links. The POC set, derived from the unit vector set of the velocity of a link, is only depend on the topological structure of a mechanism. Therefore, it is also independent of the motion positions and the fixed coordinate system (Chapter 3). · The single open chain (SOC) unit is the base unit of the topological structure used to develop the four basic equations of the mechanism topology (Chapters 2, 4–6). B. The mechanism composition principle based on the SOC units This book proposes a mechanism composition principle, based on the SOC units, to establish a systematic theory for the unified modeling of the topology, kinematics, and dynamics of mechanisms based on the SOC units (Chapter 7). C. Four basic equations • The POC equation of serial mechanisms with 10 symbolic operation rules (Chapter 4). • The POC equation of parallel mechanisms with 14 symbolic operation rules (Chapter 5). • The general DOF formula for spatial mechanisms (Chapter 6). • The coupling degree formula for the Assur kinematic chain (Chapter 7). D. One systematic method for the topology design of robot mechanisms (Chapters 8–10) Based on the three basic concepts and the four basic equations addressed above, this book puts forward a systematic method for the topology design of parallel mechanisms, which is fundamentally different from all existing methods. Its main characteristics are as follows: • The design process includes two stages: the first is structure synthesis, which derives many structure types; the second involves the performance analysis, classification and optimization of structure types derived from the first stage. • The design operation is independent of the motion positions and the fixed coordinate system. Therefore, the proposed method is essentially a geometrical method, which ensures the full-cycle DOF and the generality of geometric conditions of mechanism existence. • Each individual design step follows an explicit formula or the guidelines for design criteria, making the operation simple, feasible and reproducible. In addition, the topology design of the SCARA PMs is studied in detail to demonstrate the proposed method (Chapter 10).
This book provides a comprehensive coverage of the theory and principle of the Hoek-Brown (HB) failure criterion, methods or guidelines for estimating the HB input parameters, and the methodology of application of the HB criterion in rock engineering projects. It aims to help researchers, engineers and research students who work in the area of rock mechanics and mining engineering. Academics can quickly obtain an overview of the state of the art of the theory and principle of the Hoek-Brown criterion by reading the book before they advance their researches on the topics related to rock failure criteria. Geotechnical engineers can select appropriate Hoek-Brown input parameters for the design and analysis of rock engineering projects with the help of the principles introduced in this book. Research students may use the book as a textbook to learn the principle of rock mechanics related to rock mass properties.
The two martial arts masters in this book are the teachers featured in the movie Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. The first master, Chiang Shiao-ho, wrote and compiled the manual from which the hidden dragon learned martial arts. He and his sweetheart have to confront their conflicted feelings of love and the duty of revenge. The second master, Lee Mo-bai, struggles with his complicated feelings for Yu Ceo-lian. They are the older couple depicted in the movie. These two tragic love stories set in nineteenth-century China reflect the wishes of the Chinese people to eradicate two cruel traditions: an eye for eye vengeance and a living widow.
A disease broke out. Demonic beasts ran rampant throughout the city. A small farmer who had just entered the city had embarked on a heaven-defying journey.
This book focuses on the elementary but essential problems in Riemann-Finsler Geometry, which include a repertoire of rigidity and comparison theorems, and an array of explicit examples, illustrating many phenomena which admit only Finslerian interpretations. "This book offers the most modern treatment of the topic ..." EMS Newsletter.
“The Art of Modern China is a long-awaited, much-needed survey. The authors’ combined experience in this field is exceptional. In addition to presenting key arguments for students and arts professionals, Andrews and Shen enliven modern Chinese art for all readers. The Art of Modern China gives just treatment to an expanded field of overlooked artworks that confront the challenges of modernization.”—De-nin Deanna Lee, author of The Night Banquet: A Chinese Scroll through Time.
Transfer Learning for Rotary Machine Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis introduces the theory and latest applications of transfer learning on rotary machine fault diagnosis and prognosis. Transfer learning-based rotary machine fault diagnosis is a relatively new subject, and this innovative book synthesizes recent advances from academia and industry to provide systematic guidance. Basic principles are described before key questions are answered, including the applicability of transfer learning to rotary machine fault diagnosis and prognosis, technical details of models, and an introduction to deep transfer learning. Case studies for every method are provided, helping readers apply the techniques described in their own work. - Offers case studies for each transfer learning algorithm - Optimizes the transfer learning models to solve specific engineering problems - Describes the roles of transfer components, transfer fields, and transfer order in intelligent machine diagnosis and prognosis
Yang examines the political process of the Occupy Movement spanning from January 2013, when the “Occupy Central with Love and Peace” (OCLP) campaign was initiated, to December 2014, when the Occupy Movement finally ended. This book adopts an actor-centered approach in the study of democratization and places civil society as the focus of the analysis. The OCLP campaign was an attempt to transfer leadership of democratization from political parties to civil society, while the incorporation of Deliberation Days further let ordinary participants decide on the electoral proposals. The democratic ideals of civil society activists and the mobilization of radical democrats led the campaign to enter a radical position. The Chinese government interpreted democratization in Hong Kong from a regime security perspective and took a hardliner position. After the Occupy Movement finally occurred, the leadership of civil society and the conception of civil disobedience contained the radical protesters. However, after the movement, civil society organizations were blamed for its failure, and contention in Hong Kong became more transgressive and decentralized. This book is a valuable resource for scholars of Hong Kong’s Politics and a relevant case study for those studying the dynamics of social movements and the civil society strategy in democratic transition.
Why do the Chinese sometimes speak out against U.S. and yet at other times, remain silent? This book uses a variety of previously untapped sources, including a range of news sources within China itself, weblogs, and interviews with prominent figures, to make a powerful new argument about the causes and consequences of the new Chinese nationalism.
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