This book explores non-standard processes in complex electrochemical systems, covering the structure and phase composition of modified alloys, saturation kinetics, and properties of surface layers. It also investigates the plasma electrolytic polishing of many alloys. The book presents the physicist with conditions of heating metals up to 1000 °C inside a solution, the chemist with reactions in vapour-gaseous media and on the surface of an electrode, and the metal scientist with the diffusion saturation of metals with nitrogen, carbon and boron. It will also appeal to engineers, university and college professors, and other researchers in related fields.
Covering an exceptional range of topics, this text provides a unique overview of the Maurer-Cartan methods in algebra, geometry, topology, and mathematical physics. It offers a new conceptual treatment of the twisting procedure, guiding the reader through various versions with the help of plentiful motivating examples for graduate students as well as researchers. Topics covered include a novel approach to the twisting procedure for operads leading to Kontsevich graph homology and a description of the twisting procedure for (homotopy) associative algebras or (homotopy) Lie algebras using the biggest deformation gauge group ever considered. The book concludes with concise surveys of recent applications in areas including higher category theory and deformation theory.
This work is devoted to the study of rates of convergence of the empirical measures μn=1n∑nk=1δXk, n≥1, over a sample (Xk)k≥1 of independent identically distributed real-valued random variables towards the common distribution μ in Kantorovich transport distances Wp. The focus is on finite range bounds on the expected Kantorovich distances E(Wp(μn,μ)) or [E(Wpp(μn,μ))]1/p in terms of moments and analytic conditions on the measure μ and its distribution function. The study describes a variety of rates, from the standard one 1n√ to slower rates, and both lower and upper-bounds on E(Wp(μn,μ)) for fixed n in various instances. Order statistics, reduction to uniform samples and analysis of beta distributions, inverse distribution functions, log-concavity are main tools in the investigation. Two detailed appendices collect classical and some new facts on inverse distribution functions and beta distributions and their densities necessary to the investigation.
Radio Monitoring: Problems, Methods, and Equipment offers a unified approach to fundamental aspects of Automated Radio Monitoring (ARM). The authors discuss the development, modeling, design, and manufacture of ARM systems. Data from established and recent research are presented and recommendations are made on methods and approaches for solving common problems in ARM. The authors also provide classification and detailed descriptions of modern high-efficient hardware-software ARM equipment, including the equipment for detection, radio direction-finding, parameters measurement and their analysis, and the identification and localization of the electromagnetic field sources. Examples of ARM equipment structure, applications, and software are provided to manage a variety of complicated interference environment in the industrial centers, inside of the buildings, and in the open terrain. This book provides a reference for professionals and researchers interested in deploying ARM technology as a tool for solving problems from radio frequency spectrum usage control.
Covering an exceptional range of topics, this text provides a unique overview of the Maurer—Cartan methods in algebra, geometry, topology, and mathematical physics. It offers a new conceptual treatment of the twisting procedure, guiding the reader through various versions with the help of plentiful motivating examples for graduate students as well as researchers. Topics covered include a novel approach to the twisting procedure for operads leading to Kontsevich graph homology and a description of the twisting procedure for (homotopy) associative algebras or (homotopy) Lie algebras using the biggest deformation gauge group ever considered. The book concludes with concise surveys of recent applications in areas including higher category theory and deformation theory.
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