This monograph is a valuable contribution to the highly topical and extremly productive field of regularisation methods for inverse and ill-posed problems. The author is an internationally outstanding and accepted mathematician in this field. In his book he offers a well-balanced mixture of basic and innovative aspects. He demonstrates new, differentiated viewpoints, and important examples for applications. The book demontrates the current developments in the field of regularization theory, such as multiparameter regularization and regularization in learning theory. The book is written for graduate and PhD students and researchers in mathematics, natural sciences, engeneering, and medicine.
Two-scale systems described by singularly perturbed SDEs have been the subject of ample literature. However, this new monograph develops subjects that were rarely addressed and could be given the collective description "Stochastic Tikhonov-Levinson theory and its applications." The book provides a mathematical apparatus designed to analyze the dynamic behaviour of a randomly perturbed system with fast and slow variables. In contrast to the deterministic Tikhonov-Levinson theory, the basic model is described in a more realistic way by stochastic differential equations. This leads to a number of new theoretical questions but simultaneously allows us to treat in a unified way a surprisingly wide spectrum of applications like fast modulations, approximate filtering, and stochastic approximation.Two-scale systems described by singularly perturbed SDEs have been the subject of ample literature. However, this new monograph develops subjects that were rarely addressed and could be given the collective description "Stochastic Tikhonov-Levinson theory and its applications." The book provides a mathematical apparatus designed to analyze the dynamic behaviour of a randomly perturbed system with fast and slow variables. In contrast to the deterministic Tikhonov-Levinson theory, the basic model is described in a more realistic way by stochastic differential equations. This leads to a number of new theoretical questions but simultaneously allows us to treat in a unified way a surprisingly wide spectrum of applications like fast modulations, approximate filtering, and stochastic approximation.
Comparatively weakly researched untraditional tomography problems are solved because of new achievements in calculation mathematics and the theory of ill-posed problems, the regularization process of solving ill-posed problems, and the increase of stability. Experiments show possibilities and applicability of algorithms of processing tomography data. This monograph is devoted to considering these problems in connection with series of ill-posed problems in tomography settings arising from practice.The book includes chapters to the following themes: Mathematical basis of the method of computerized tomography Cone-beam tomography reconstruction Inverse kinematic problem in the tomographic setting
For the first time, exact analytical solutions are available for some of the most interesting types of problems arising in physics and applied mathematics. Hydrodynamics of Unstable Media outlines the theory of "quasi-gaseous" unstable media, and demonstrates how the theory can be used to obtain analytical solutions. Until now, the solutions to many of the examples considered in this new book have been numerical or partial solutions. By developing a new theory of hydrodynamics for unstable media, the authors provide a means for scientists and mathematicians to solve problems exactly and analytically. Solutions to some 50 problems are provided! Hydrodynamics of Unstable Media features interdisciplinary discussions by internationally recognized authors.
Transmutations, Singular and Fractional Differential Equations with Applications to Mathematical Physics connects difficult problems with similar more simple ones. The book's strategy works for differential and integral equations and systems and for many theoretical and applied problems in mathematics, mathematical physics, probability and statistics, applied computer science and numerical methods. In addition to being exposed to recent advances, readers learn to use transmutation methods not only as practical tools, but also as vehicles that deliver theoretical insights. - Presents the universal transmutation method as the most powerful for solving many problems in mathematics, mathematical physics, probability and statistics, applied computer science and numerical methods - Combines mathematical rigor with an illuminating exposition full of historical notes and fascinating details - Enables researchers, lecturers and students to find material under the single "roof
This textbook provides an in-depth exploration of statistical learning with reproducing kernels, an active area of research that can shed light on trends associated with deep neural networks. The author demonstrates how the concept of reproducing kernel Hilbert Spaces (RKHS), accompanied with tools from regularization theory, can be effectively used in the design and justification of kernel learning algorithms, which can address problems in several areas of artificial intelligence. Also provided is a detailed description of two biomedical applications of the considered algorithms, demonstrating how close the theory is to being practically implemented. Among the book’s several unique features is its analysis of a large class of algorithms of the Learning Theory that essentially comprise every linear regularization scheme, including Tikhonov regularization as a specific case. It also provides a methodology for analyzing not only different supervised learning problems, such as regression or ranking, but also different learning scenarios, such as unsupervised domain adaptation or reinforcement learning. By analyzing these topics using the same theoretical framework, rather than approaching them separately, their presentation is streamlined and made more approachable. An Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Based on Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces is an ideal resource for graduate and postgraduate courses in computational mathematics and data science.
Providing a clear and systematic description of droplets and spray dynamic models, this book maximises reader insight into the underlying physics of the processes involved, outlines the development of new physical and mathematical models and broadens understanding of interactions between the complex physical processes which take place in sprays. Complementing approaches based on the direct application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), Droplets and Sprays treats both theoretical and practical aspects of internal combustion engine process such as the direct injection of liquid fuel, subcritical heating and evaporation. Including case studies that illustrate the approaches relevance to automotive applications, it is also anticipated that the described models can find use in other areas such as in medicine and environmental science.
In this timely and incisive book, Sergei Medvedev argues that Russia’s war in Ukraine was not merely a whim of Putin’s obsession: rather, it was the result of two decades of authoritarian degradation and post-imperial ressentiment, a culmination of Putin’s regime and of Russia’s entire imperial history. Building on his prize-winning book The Return of the Russian Leviathan, Medvedev argues that it was not only Putin that started this war, but Russia itself, which, by and large, has imagined and embraced it with enthusiasm, seeking to relive its own military glory and colonial past.
This book presents a survey of analytical, asymptotic, numerical, and combined methods of solving eigenvalue problems. It considers the new method of accelerated convergence for solving problems of the Sturm-Liouville type as well as boundary-value problems with boundary conditions of the first, second, and third kind. The authors also present high
The book discusses the activities involved in developing an Enterprise Continuity Program (ECP) that will cover both Business Continuity Management (BCM) as well as Disaster Recovery Management (DRM). The creation of quantitative metrics for BCM are discussed as well as several models and methods that correspond to the goals and objectives of the International Standards Organisation (ISO) Technical Committee ISO/TC 292 "Security and resilience”. Significantly, the book contains the results of not only qualitative, but also quantitative, measures of Cyber Resilience which for the first time regulates organizations’ activities on protecting their critical information infrastructure. The book discusses the recommendations of the ISO 22301: 2019 standard “Security and resilience — Business continuity management systems — Requirements” for improving the BCM of organizations based on the well-known “Plan-Do-Check-Act” (PDCA) model. It also discusses the recommendations of the following ISO management systems standards that are widely used to support BCM. The ISO 9001 standard "Quality Management Systems"; ISO 14001 "Environmental Management Systems"; ISO 31000 "Risk Management", ISO/IEC 20000-1 "Information Technology - Service Management", ISO/IEC 27001 "Information Management security systems”, ISO 28000 “Specification for security management systems for the supply chain”, ASIS ORM.1-2017, NIST SP800-34, NFPA 1600: 2019, COBIT 2019, RESILIA, ITIL V4 and MOF 4.0, etc. The book expands on the best practices of the British Business Continuity Institute’s Good Practice Guidelines (2018 Edition), along with guidance from the Disaster Recovery Institute’s Professional Practices for Business Continuity Management (2017 Edition). Possible methods of conducting ECP projects in the field of BCM are considered in detail. Based on the practical experience of the author there are examples of Risk Assessment (RA) and Business Impact Analysis (BIA), examples of Business Continuity Plans (BCP) & Disaster Recovery Plans (DRP) and relevant BCP & DRP testing plans. This book will be useful to Chief Information Security Officers, internal and external Certified Information Systems Auditors, senior managers within companies who are responsible for ensuring business continuity and cyber stability, as well as teachers and students of MBA’s, CIO and CSO programs.
Do we actually understand geologic processes? New technology brings new inf- mation and perceptions, which sometimes overturn imaginations based on simple observation and estimation, in conjunction with common sense inference. In 1902– 1904,PierreCurieandErnestRutherford?rstformulatedtheideaofusingradioactive transformation of nuclides as a geologic chronometer. After a century of working with such tools, geology has advanced from a descriptive science to an analytic s- encethatformulatesconclusionsbasedonexactvalues.Thetechnologyofradiogenic isotope geology has created a branch of science that considers the Earth as a planet generated within a Solar system and studies the subsequent evolution of geologic processes that has resulted in the present formation of our planet’s continents and oceans. The physicist Vitaly Ginsburg, Nobel Prize laureate, wrote recently: “If Kepler had been given information on orbital parameters of planets with modern precision, he would not have been able to formulate his laws”. Indeed, after development of laws of celestial mechanics, methods of measurements became so advanced and such numerous secondary distortion effects were found that to describe an orbit of a cosmic body by a curve of the second order would appear impossible. But it does not mean that Kepler’s laws are “cancelled”; they still occupy an honorable place in courses on celestial mechanics. A reasonable division into basic and secondary phenomena is accepted and the latter are entered as variations in the basic equations.
This book acts as a guide to simple models that describe some of the complex fluid dynamics, heat/mass transfer and combustion processes in droplets and sprays. Attention is focused mainly on the use of classical hydrodynamics, and a combination of kinetic and hydrodynamic models, to analyse the heating and evaporation of mono- and multi-component droplets. The models were developed for cases when small and large numbers of components are present in droplets. Some of these models are used for the prediction of time to puffing/micro-explosion of composite water/fuel droplets — processes that are widely used in combustion devices to stimulate disintegration of relatively large droplets into smaller ones. The predictions of numerical codes based on these models are validated against experimental results where possible. In most of the models, droplets are assumed to be spherical; some preliminary results of the generalisation of these models to the case of non-spherical droplets, approximating them as spheroids, are presented.
The 2nd edition of this book is essentially an extended version of the 1st and provides a very sound overview of the most important special functions of Fractional Calculus. It has been updated with material from many recent papers and includes several surveys of important results known before the publication of the 1st edition, but not covered there. As a result of researchers’ and scientists’ increasing interest in pure as well as applied mathematics in non-conventional models, particularly those using fractional calculus, Mittag-Leffler functions have caught the interest of the scientific community. Focusing on the theory of Mittag-Leffler functions, this volume offers a self-contained, comprehensive treatment, ranging from rather elementary matters to the latest research results. In addition to the theory the authors devote some sections of the work to applications, treating various situations and processes in viscoelasticity, physics, hydrodynamics, diffusion and wave phenomena, as well as stochastics. In particular, the Mittag-Leffler functions make it possible to describe phenomena in processes that progress or decay too slowly to be represented by classical functions like the exponential function and related special functions. The book is intended for a broad audience, comprising graduate students, university instructors and scientists in the field of pure and applied mathematics, as well as researchers in applied sciences like mathematical physics, theoretical chemistry, bio-mathematics, control theory and several other related areas.
This book is dedicated to the mathematical study of two-dimensional statistical hydrodynamics and turbulence, described by the 2D Navier–Stokes system with a random force. The authors' main goal is to justify the statistical properties of a fluid's velocity field u(t,x) that physicists assume in their work. They rigorously prove that u(t,x) converges, as time grows, to a statistical equilibrium, independent of initial data. They use this to study ergodic properties of u(t,x) – proving, in particular, that observables f(u(t,.)) satisfy the strong law of large numbers and central limit theorem. They also discuss the inviscid limit when viscosity goes to zero, normalising the force so that the energy of solutions stays constant, while their Reynolds numbers grow to infinity. They show that then the statistical equilibria converge to invariant measures of the 2D Euler equation and study these measures. The methods apply to other nonlinear PDEs perturbed by random forces.
Oriented for a general reading audience, this book gives a unique and rare perspective on the KGB special operations, in Soviet Ukraine using the issues related to Soviet Ukrainian identity and cultural diplomacy of Soviet Ukraine after Stalin’s death in 1953 until the perestroika of the 1980s.
Modern cyber systems acquire more emergent system properties, as far as their complexity increases: cyber resilience, controllability, self-organization, proactive cyber security and adaptability. Each of the listed properties is the subject of the cybernetics research and each subsequent feature makes sense only if there is a previous one.Cyber resilience is the most important feature of any cyber system, especially during the transition to the sixth technological stage and related Industry 4.0 technologies: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cloud and foggy computing, 5G +, IoT/IIoT, Big Data and ETL, Q-computing, Blockchain, VR/AR, etc. We should even consider the cyber resilience as a primary one, because the mentioned systems cannot exist without it. Indeed, without the sustainable formation made of the interconnected components of the critical information infrastructure, it does not make sense to discuss the existence of 4.0 Industry cyber-systems. In case when the cyber security of these systems is mainly focused on the assessment of the incidents' probability and prevention of possible security threats, the cyber resilience is mainly aimed at preserving the targeted behavior and cyber systems' performance under the conditions of known (about 45 %) as well as unknown (the remaining 55 %) cyber attacks.This monograph shows that modern Industry 4.0. Cyber systems do not have the required cyber resilience for targeted performance under heterogeneous mass intruder cyber-attacks. The main reasons include a high cyber system structural and functional complexity, a potential danger of existing vulnerabilities and “sleep” hardware and software tabs, as well as an inadequate efficiency of modern models, methods, and tools to ensure cyber security, reliability, response and recovery.
The book offers a simultaneous presentation of the theory and numerical treatment of inverse problems for Maxwell's equations. The inverse problems are central to many areas of science and technology such as geophysical exploration, remote sensing, near-surface radar-location, dielectric logging, medical imaging, etc. The basic idea. of inverse methods is to extract from the evaluation of measured electromagnetic field the details of the medium considered. The inverse problems are investigated not only for Maxwell's equations but also for their guasistationary approximation and in the case of harmonic dependence in time. Starting with the simplest one-dimensional inverse problems, the book leads its readers to more complicated multidimensional ones studied for media of various kinds. The unique solvability of a number of the considered problems is shown as well as the stability of their solutions. The numerical analysis ranges from the finite-difference scheme inversion to the linearization method and finally the dynamic variant of the Gel'fand-Levitan method. Computational results are presented. The book is intended to provide graduate students in applied mathematics and geophysics, as well as the researches in the field, with an understanding of inverse problem theory. Although the main part of the book is rather theoretical in nature, it is also of practical value to experimentalists and engineers.
The Americanist community played a vital role in the Cold War, as well as in large part directing the cultural consumption of Soviet society and shaping perceptions of the US. To shed light onto this important, yet under-studied, academic community, Sergei Zhuk here explores the personal histories of prominent Soviet Americanists, considering the myriad cultural influences - from John Wayne's bravado in the film Stagecoach to Miles Davis - that shaped their identities, careers and academic interests. Zhuk's compelling account draws on a wide range of understudied archival documents, periodicals, letters and diaries as well as more than 100 exclusive interviews with prominent Americanists to take the reader from the post-war origins of American studies, via the extremes of the Cold War, thaw and perestroika, to Putin's Russia. Soviet Americana is a comprehensive insight into shifting attitudes towards the US throughout the twentieth century and an essential resource for all Soviet and Cold War historians.
The term "stereotype space" was introduced in 1995 and is used for a category of locally convex spaces with surprisingly elegant properties. In particular, it consists of spaces reflexive in the sense of Pontryagin, and at the same time it is very wide, since it contains all Fréchet spaces. Its study gives an unexpected point of view on functional analysis that brings this field closer to other main branches of mathematics, namely, to algebra and geometry.
This book describes the thermal and hydrodynamic instabilities appearing in laser-matter interactions at moderate intensities. These instabilities result in the distortion of phase-transition front, dispersion of target material in condensed phase, formation of dissipative surface structures, generation of complex oscillatory evaporation modes, and so on. These effects, in turn, lead to the appearance of liquid droplets in an expanding vapor, non-uniform removal of a solid material, and the enhanced light absorption in the vapor plume. This book focuses on nonresonant interactions. It concentrates on the range of low and moderate laser intensities that are important for technological applications of lasers. Instabilities in Laser-Matter Interaction provides a theoretical background to the interpretation of experimental results and an understanding of the effect of instabilities on the processes of laser technology.
The construction of solutions of singularly perturbed systems of equations and boundary value problems that are characteristic for the mechanics of thin-walled structures are the main focus of the book. The theoretical results are supplemented by the analysis of problems and exercises. Some of the topics are rarely discussed in the textbooks, for example, the Newton polyhedron, which is a generalization of the Newton polygon for equations with two or more parameters. After introducing the important concept of the index of variation for functions special attention is devoted to eigenvalue problems containing a small parameter. The main part of the book deals with methods of asymptotic solutions of linear singularly perturbed boundary and boundary value problems without or with turning points, respectively. As examples, one-dimensional equilibrium, dynamics and stability problems for rigid bodies and solids are presented in detail. Numerous exercises and examples as well as vast references to the relevant Russian literature not well known for an English speaking reader makes this a indispensable textbook on the topic.
The aim of the series is to present new and important developments in pure and applied mathematics. Well established in the community over two decades, it offers a large library of mathematics including several important classics. The volumes supply thorough and detailed expositions of the methods and ideas essential to the topics in question. In addition, they convey their relationships to other parts of mathematics. The series is addressed to advanced readers wishing to thoroughly study the topic. Editorial Board Lev Birbrair, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil Walter D. Neumann, Columbia University, New York, USA Markus J. Pflaum, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA Dierk Schleicher, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany Katrin Wendland, University of Freiburg, Germany Honorary Editor Victor P. Maslov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Titles in planning include Yuri A. Bahturin, Identical Relations in Lie Algebras (2019) Yakov G. Berkovich and Z. Janko, Groups of Prime Power Order, Volume 6 (2019) Yakov G. Berkovich, Lev G. Kazarin, and Emmanuel M. Zhmud', Characters of Finite Groups, Volume 2 (2019) Jorge Herbert Soares de Lira, Variational Problems for Hypersurfaces in Riemannian Manifolds (2019) Volker Mayer, Mariusz Urbański, and Anna Zdunik, Random and Conformal Dynamical Systems (2021) Ioannis Diamantis, Boštjan Gabrovšek, Sofia Lambropoulou, and Maciej Mroczkowski, Knot Theory of Lens Spaces (2021)
This book explores non-standard processes in complex electrochemical systems, covering the structure and phase composition of modified alloys, saturation kinetics, and properties of surface layers. It also investigates the plasma electrolytic polishing of many alloys. The book presents the physicist with conditions of heating metals up to 1000 °C inside a solution, the chemist with reactions in vapour-gaseous media and on the surface of an electrode, and the metal scientist with the diffusion saturation of metals with nitrogen, carbon and boron. It will also appeal to engineers, university and college professors, and other researchers in related fields.
Two-scale systems described by singularly perturbed SDEs have been the subject of ample literature. However, this new monograph develops subjects that were rarely addressed and could be given the collective description "Stochastic Tikhonov-Levinson theory and its applications." The book provides a mathematical apparatus designed to analyze the dynamic behaviour of a randomly perturbed system with fast and slow variables. In contrast to the deterministic Tikhonov-Levinson theory, the basic model is described in a more realistic way by stochastic differential equations. This leads to a number of new theoretical questions but simultaneously allows us to treat in a unified way a surprisingly wide spectrum of applications like fast modulations, approximate filtering, and stochastic approximation.Two-scale systems described by singularly perturbed SDEs have been the subject of ample literature. However, this new monograph develops subjects that were rarely addressed and could be given the collective description "Stochastic Tikhonov-Levinson theory and its applications." The book provides a mathematical apparatus designed to analyze the dynamic behaviour of a randomly perturbed system with fast and slow variables. In contrast to the deterministic Tikhonov-Levinson theory, the basic model is described in a more realistic way by stochastic differential equations. This leads to a number of new theoretical questions but simultaneously allows us to treat in a unified way a surprisingly wide spectrum of applications like fast modulations, approximate filtering, and stochastic approximation.
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