A comprehensive discussion of the findings of the PICASSO initiative on ICT policy ICT Policy, Research, and Innovation: Perspectives and Prospects for EU-US Collaboration provides a clearly readable overview of selected information and communication technology (ICT) and policy topics. Rather than deluge the reader with technical details, the distinguished authors provide just enough technical background to make sense of the underlying policy discussions. The book covers policy, research, and innovation topics on technologies as wide-ranging as: Internet of Things Cyber physical systems 5G Big data ICT Policy, Research, and Innovation compares and contrasts the policy approaches taken by the EU and the US in a variety of areas. The potential for future cooperation is outlined as well. Later chapters provide policy perspectives about some major issues affecting EU/US development cooperation, while the book closes with a discussion of how the development of these new technologies is changing our conceptions of fundamental aspects of society.
This monograph provides foundations, methods, guidelines and examples for monitoring and improving resource efficiency during the operation of processing plants and for improving their design. The measures taken to improve their energy and resource efficiency are strongly influenced by regulations and standards which are covered in Part I of this book. Without changing the actual processing equipment, the way how the processes are operated can have a strong influence on the resource efficiency of the plants and this potential can be exploited with much smaller investments than needed for the introduction of new process technologies. This aspect is the focus of Part II. In Part III we discuss physical changes of the process technology such as heat integration, synthesis and realization of optimal processes, and industrial symbiosis. The last part deals with the people that are needed to make these changes possible and discusses the path towards a resource efficiency culture. Written with industrial solutions in mind, this text will benefit practitioners as well as the academic community.
This study tries, through a systematic and historical analysis of the concept of critical authority, to write a history of literary criticism from the end of the 17th to the end of the 18th century that not only takes the discursive construction of its (self)representation into account, but also the social and economic conditions of its practice. It tries to consider the whole of the critical discourse on literature and criticism in the time period covered. Thus, it is distinctive through its methodology (there is no systematic account of the historical development of critical authority and no discussion of the institutionalization of criticism of such a scope), its material of analysis (most of the many hundred texts self-reflexively commenting on criticism that are discussed here have been so far virtually ignored) and through its results, a complex history of criticism in the 18th century that is neither reductive nor the accumulation of isolated aspects or author figures, but that probes into the very nature of the activity of criticism. The aim of this study is both to provide a thorough historical understanding of the emergence of criticism and as a consequence an understanding of the inner workings and power relations that structure criticism to this day.
A media history of the material and infrastructural features of networking practices, a German classic translated for the first time into English. Nets hold, connect, and catch. They ensnare, bind, and entangle. Our social networks owe their name to a conceivably strange and ambivalent object. But how did the net get into the network? And how can it reasonably represent the connectedness of people, things, institutions, signs, infrastructures, and even nature? The Connectivity of Things by Sebastian Giessmann, the first media history that addresses the overwhelming diversity of networks, attempts to answer all these questions and more. Reconstructing the decisive moments in which networking turned into a veritable cultural technique, Giessmann takes readers below the street to the Parisian sewers and to the Suez Canal, into the telephone exchanges of Northeast America, and on to the London Underground. His brilliant history explains why social networks were discovered late, how the rapid rise of mathematical network theory was able to take place, how improbable the invention of the internet was, and even what diagrams and conspiracy theories have to do with it all. A primer on networking as a cultural technique, this translated German classic explains everything one ever could wish to know about networks.
Despite its everyday relevance, the reputation of punctuation is tarnished. Actually, modern English punctuation is often considered not more than a necessary evil. For many people, punctuation usage follows seemingly arbitrary and unmotivated rules. The present approach moves away from a static, rulebased description towards a more dynamic, contextbased interpretation of punctuation. Punctuation is a highly versatile medium-dependent means of presentational choice. To accept this view is to take a significant step towards closing the gap that still exists between punctuational theory and the actual usage of punctuation. Punctuation adopts a guiding role for the reader and the present study explores this guide potential, providing a thorough analysis of both the linguistic status and the communicative value of punctuation.
This publication focuses on competency orientation in higher education, illustrating international assessment practices for measuring student learning outcomes. For Germany, the Modeling and Measuring Competencies in Higher Education (KoKoHs) research program contributes exemplary approaches, and solutions to current challenges in higher education. KoKoHs models and tests can be used for entrance examination, formative and summative assessment of domain-specific and generic competencies and as a basis for developing new teaching-and-learning tools and formats promoting these competencies.
In this paper, a new control strategy that employs a mid-course correction to control the particle size distribution in emulsion polymerization is developed. In this approach, online and infrequent measurements are used to obtain the states of the system at the mid-course of the process. Then an optimization is performed to obtain the optimal trajectory of the input from the mid-course up to the end of the process. For this optimization, a hybrid model is used. This hybrid model consists of the Fokker-Planck particle size distribution model of emulsion polymerization and a data-driven component which corrects the predictions of the Fokker-Planck model based upon the estimated states of the system at the mid-course of the process.
In 1995, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the largest public research funding organization in Germany, decided to launch a priority program (Schw- punktprogramm in German) calledKondisk– Dynamics and Control of Systems with Mixed Continuous and Discrete Dynamics. Such a priority program is usually sponsored for six years and supports about twenty scientists at a time, in engineering andcomputersciencemostlyyoungresearchersworkingforadoctoraldegree. There is a yearly competition across all disciplines of arts and sciences for the funding of such programs, and the group of proposers was the happy winner of a slot in that year. The program started in 1996 after an open call for proposals; the successful projects were presented and re-evaluated periodically, and new projects could be submitted simultaneously. During the course of the focused research program, 25 different projects were funded in 19 participating university institutes, some of the projects were collaborative efforts of two groups with different backgrounds, mostly one from engineering and one from computer science. There were two main motivations for establishingKondisk. The rst was the fact that technical systems nowadays are composed of physical components with (mostly) continuous dynamics and computerized control systems where the reaction to discrete events plays a major role, implemented in Programmable Logic Contr- lers (PLCs), Distributed Control Systems (DCSs) or real-time computer systems.
A comprehensive discussion of the findings of the PICASSO initiative on ICT policy ICT Policy, Research, and Innovation: Perspectives and Prospects for EU-US Collaboration provides a clearly readable overview of selected information and communication technology (ICT) and policy topics. Rather than deluge the reader with technical details, the distinguished authors provide just enough technical background to make sense of the underlying policy discussions. The book covers policy, research, and innovation topics on technologies as wide-ranging as: Internet of Things Cyber physical systems 5G Big data ICT Policy, Research, and Innovation compares and contrasts the policy approaches taken by the EU and the US in a variety of areas. The potential for future cooperation is outlined as well. Later chapters provide policy perspectives about some major issues affecting EU/US development cooperation, while the book closes with a discussion of how the development of these new technologies is changing our conceptions of fundamental aspects of society.
In 1995, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the largest public research funding organization in Germany, decided to launch a priority program (Schw- punktprogramm in German) calledKondisk– Dynamics and Control of Systems with Mixed Continuous and Discrete Dynamics. Such a priority program is usually sponsored for six years and supports about twenty scientists at a time, in engineering andcomputersciencemostlyyoungresearchersworkingforadoctoraldegree. There is a yearly competition across all disciplines of arts and sciences for the funding of such programs, and the group of proposers was the happy winner of a slot in that year. The program started in 1996 after an open call for proposals; the successful projects were presented and re-evaluated periodically, and new projects could be submitted simultaneously. During the course of the focused research program, 25 different projects were funded in 19 participating university institutes, some of the projects were collaborative efforts of two groups with different backgrounds, mostly one from engineering and one from computer science. There were two main motivations for establishingKondisk. The rst was the fact that technical systems nowadays are composed of physical components with (mostly) continuous dynamics and computerized control systems where the reaction to discrete events plays a major role, implemented in Programmable Logic Contr- lers (PLCs), Distributed Control Systems (DCSs) or real-time computer systems.
This monograph provides foundations, methods, guidelines and examples for monitoring and improving resource efficiency during the operation of processing plants and for improving their design. The measures taken to improve their energy and resource efficiency are strongly influenced by regulations and standards which are covered in Part I of this book. Without changing the actual processing equipment, the way how the processes are operated can have a strong influence on the resource efficiency of the plants and this potential can be exploited with much smaller investments than needed for the introduction of new process technologies. This aspect is the focus of Part II. In Part III we discuss physical changes of the process technology such as heat integration, synthesis and realization of optimal processes, and industrial symbiosis. The last part deals with the people that are needed to make these changes possible and discusses the path towards a resource efficiency culture. Written with industrial solutions in mind, this text will benefit practitioners as well as the academic community.
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