Major League Baseball, like so many other professional sports, is not free of the unequal distribution of wealth, talent and other factors that allow for a continued David and Goliath scenario between the teams. The competitive balance between teams is a major factor in determining which teams will make it to the World Series and which will not. This problem of balance has grown ever larger as Major League Baseball has grown. As more money for teams, higher salaries for players, longer seasons with many more games played, free agency, farm league training, and other aspects of the game developed, the issue of competitive balance has become more pronounced. It deserves attention when discussing past and future World Series champions and the current reigning teams of Major League Baseball. This history covers competitive balance in Major League Baseball from 1900 through 1999. It is organized into four parts: statistics, dynasties, anti-dynasties, and factors of imbalance. The last part pays special attention to three primary factors: Cinderella status, player development, and economics. Several possible solutions to these problematic factors are analyzed and critiqued.
In recent years there has been a great deal of discussion about the economics of baseball. For most of that time, the assumption inside and outside the game has been that there is simply too much disparity between “the haves” and “the have-nots,” especially in terms of salaries and team payrolls. The top five teams (Atlanta Braves, New York Yankees, Cleveland Indians, Seattle Mariners, Houston Astros) and bottom five teams (Florida Marlins, Kansas City Royals, Milwaukee Brewers, Pittsburgh Pirates, Detroit Tigers) over the past ten years are analyzed here. The author considers many factors in his evaluation of each team’s performance, among them team philosophies and business models as shown through trades and free agent acquisitions, general managers’ moves and personnel decisions, and player performance.
Jack Sutherford has taught for ten years. When he first began his career, he was a very optimistic teacher, but that optimism waned as he continued through. In Combating Ignorance, Sutherford takes on the challenges of dealing with administration, counselors, fellow teachers, students and parents as a classroom teacher. He discusses the many programs and trends, good and bad, he has seen throughout his ten years of teaching.
In October 1869, as America stood on the brink of becoming a thoroughly modern nation, workers unearthed what appeared to be a petrified ten-foot giant on a remote farm in upstate New York. The discovery caused a sensation. Over the next several months, newspapers devoted daily headlines to the story and tens of thousands of Americans—including Oliver Wendell Holmes, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and the great showman P. T. Barnum—flocked to see the giant on exhibition. In the colossus, many saw evidence that their continent, and the tiny hamlet of Cardiff, had ties to Biblical history. American science also weighed in on the discovery, and in doing so revealed its own growing pains, including the shortcomings of traditional education, the weaknesses of archaeological methodology, as well as the vexing presence of amateurs and charlatans within its ranks. A national debate ensued over the giant's origins, and was played out in the daily press. Ultimately, the discovery proved to be an elaborate hoax. Still, the story of the Cardiff Giant reveals many things about America in the post-Civil War years. After four years of destruction on an unimagined scale, Americans had increasingly turned their attention to the renewal of progress. But the story of the Cardiff Giant seemed to shed light on a complicated, mysterious past, and for a time scientists, clergymen, newspaper editors, and ordinary Americans struggled to make sense of it. Hucksters, of course, did their best to take advantage of it. The Cardiff Giant was one of the leading questions of the day, and how citizens answered it said much about Americans in 1869 as well as about America more generally.
Established in 1913, Jefferson County has a rich and varied history, spanning more time and growth than this date might suggest. The area was first a hunting ground for the Shoshone and Bannock tribes, then a range for hundreds of sheep and cattle. After the Utah-Northern Railroad arrived in 1879, word quickly spread of the region's fertile soil and plentiful water. While Jefferson County became an agricultural hub through unprecedented irrigation developments, it also nourished the minds of children; several famous innovators, scientists, and authors call Jefferson County home. This volume is based on church records, family and community histories, newspaper articles, government records, and oral histories, reflecting the forces that brought the county together in 1913 and its continuing growth and change.
In recent years there has been a great deal of discussion about the economics of baseball. For most of that time, the assumption inside and outside the game has been that there is simply too much disparity between “the haves” and “the have-nots,” especially in terms of salaries and team payrolls. The top five teams (Atlanta Braves, New York Yankees, Cleveland Indians, Seattle Mariners, Houston Astros) and bottom five teams (Florida Marlins, Kansas City Royals, Milwaukee Brewers, Pittsburgh Pirates, Detroit Tigers) over the past ten years are analyzed here. The author considers many factors in his evaluation of each team’s performance, among them team philosophies and business models as shown through trades and free agent acquisitions, general managers’ moves and personnel decisions, and player performance.
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