This book is dedicated to Prof H Miyazawa in commemoration of his 60th birthday. He is an outstanding particle physicist who gave an original idea on nuclear magnetic moments and has led the frontier of particle physics. Here is a historical survey featuring the stress on phenomenologies in particle physics. It should be of interest to experimental physicists also.
This thesis describes improvements to and control of the electrical conductance in single-molecule junctions (SMJs), which have potential applications in molecular electronics, with a focus on the bonding between the metal and molecule. In order to improve the electrical conductance, the π orbital of the molecule is directly bonded to the metal orbital, because anchoring groups, which were typically used in other studies to bind molecule with metal electrodes, became resistive spacers. Using this direct π-binding, the author has successfully demonstrated highly conductive SMJs involving benzene, endohedral metallofullerene Ce@C82, and nitrogen. Subsequently, the author investigated control of the electrical conductance of SMJs using pyrazine. The nitrogen atom in the π-conjugated system of pyrazine was expected to function as an anchoring point, and two bonding states were expected. One originates primarily from the π orbital, while the other originates primarily from an n state of the nitrogen. Measurements of conductance and dI/dV spectra coupled with theoretical calculations revealed that the pyrazine SMJ has bistable conductance states, in which the pyrazine axis is either tilted or parallel with respect to the junction axis. The bistable states were switched by changing the gap size between the metal electrodes using an external force. Notably, it is difficult to change the electrical properties of bulk-state materials using mechanical force. The findings reveal that the electron transport properties of a SMJ can be controlled by designing a proper metal–molecule interface, which has considerable potential for molecular electronics. Moreover, this thesis will serve as a guideline for every step of SMJ research: design, fabrication, evaluation, and control.
This book contains a collection of papers covering recent progress in a number of areas of singularity theory. Topics include blow analyticity, recent progress in the research on equivalence relations of maps and functions, sufficiency of jets, and the transversality theorem. . Geometric and analytic studies of partial differential equations have been developed independently of one another, but the shock wave solutions appearing in natural phenomena are not well understood. Singularity theory may unify these studies and a survey based on this viewpoint is presented in which a new notion of weak solution is introduced. There are also reports on the recent progress in Zariski's conjecture on multiplicities of hypersurfaces, transcendency of analytic sets and on the topology of weighted homogeneous polynomials. This book will be of particular interest to specialists in singularities, partial differential equations, algebraic geometry and control theory.
This Open Access book provides a comprehensive analysis of political reforms in Japan since the 1990s, emphasizing the role of ideas in shaping their goals and outcomes. For more than fifteen years following the collapse of Japan’s economic bubble, politicians, business people and academics tackled a range of institutional reforms. The sweeping changes they enacted—covering almost all facets of the public sphere, including elections, public administration, courts and the central bank—fundamentally altered Japanese political processes and policies. Taken together, they arguably represent the final touches of Japan’s political modernization, which had been unfolding since the mid-19th century. Throughout the reform process, advocates were inspired by a combination of liberal and modernist ideas. This book examines those guiding concepts and illustrates the often messy process of applying them to real-world institutions. While most reforms began from common goals, they ultimately produced different—and frequently unexpected—institutional outcomes, which continue to shape Japanese politics. By focusing on the relationship between the ideas and processes that shaped Japan’s reforms, this book presents a broad vision of institutional change in comparative politics.
“I regard Higuchi’s book as particularly valuable because it highlights dimensions of somaesthetics that have not been sufficiently explored. I refer not only to the various traditional Japanese somatic disciplines whose somaesthetics aspects Higuchi reveals, but also to central topics far beyond Japanese culture.” -Foreword by Richard Shusterman Higuchi, one of the pivotal scholars in introducing Shusterman’s somaesthetics to Japanese audiences in the early 2000s, provides insight into how this philosophy has developed in Japan, and the affinity it has developed with a non-Western culture. Dividing his insights into the categories of innovation, practice, and educational implications, Higuchi presents the Japanese perspective on somaesthetics, with contributions from four of his students. They develop the philosophical discussion of areas such as the aesthetics of sport, bodily knowing, learning as mimesis, and learning culture through language. In this way, the book illuminates the philosophy of somaesthetics using Japanese experience and research while presenting a unique perspective on Japanese culture. This book will be of especial interest to scholars of Japanese culture, and of the philosophy of aesthetics and education.
Highly illustrated text to aid understanding of best practice in carotid treatment Reflects international best practice Useful in clinical practice and to improve patient care
This title examines the transformation of Japan's national economy. It employs the concept of the structure of accumulation composed of the organizations of labor, credit and markets. The postwar Japanese miracle trifurcated into prosperous corportions, squeezed workers and parasitic bureaucracy in the slow growth period, 1974-91. The "miracle" continues only for the major Japanese corporations that are East Asianizing and globalizing.
This book provides a theoretical, empirical, and pragmatic understanding of social dilemmas (SDs). A SD is a social situation where cooperation maximizing collective or social profit is different from defection maximizing individual profit. Problems arise when too many group members choose to pursue individual profit and immediate satisfaction rather than behave in the group’s best long-term interests. The problems include an environmental problem and various types of urban, economic, and political problems. Most books treating SDs are not monographs but are proceedings or omnibus volumes written by different researchers. Few monographs have been published for SDs, but those few deal only with basic theories and empirical findings. This book, by contrast, is a monograph by a single author and provides complete coverage from basic theories in Part I to applied theories and pragmatic solutions for urban, transportation, and environmental problems in Parts II and III. Various types of strategies are proposed in this book to overcome the problems caused by SDs in various situations based on the basic theories of those dilemmas. The strategies are psychological and structural ones. The book includes theories, empirical evidence in experiments, and practical policies in the real world for these strategies. Thus, the work effectively provides a bridge between basic behavioral scientists, applied behavioral scientists, and practitioners. With this useful source, basic scientists will understand how to apply their scientific knowledge to the real world and also will encounter new scientific problems that should be solved scientifically. Applied researchers and specialists will become familiar with new solutions through basic research on SDs and will be made aware of new pragmatic problems that should be solved with a practical approach.
Incorporating Knowledge Sources into Statistical Speech Recognition addresses the problem of developing efficient automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, which maintain a balance between utilizing a wide knowledge of speech variability, while keeping the training / recognition effort feasible and improving speech recognition performance. The book provides an efficient general framework to incorporate additional knowledge sources into state-of-the-art statistical ASR systems. It can be applied to many existing ASR problems with their respective model-based likelihood functions in flexible ways.
Winner of a Shingo Research and Professional Publication AwardToyota's sustained growth attracts the attention of economists and industrialists around the world eager to learn the secrets of Toyota's lasting success. In Inside the Mind of Toyota: Management Principles for Enduring Growth, Satoshi Hino examines the source of Toyota's strength: the fundamental thinking and management structures that lie beneath the creation of its famed Toyota Production System. From the perspective of a professional with 30 years experience in the auto industry, Hino presents a fresh and detailed analysis of Toyota's essential management system, from its very beginnings into the 21st century. The ultimate goal is not simply to mimic Toyota's formula, but to learn from it and, in doing so, surpass it. From the Translator's Foreword: Unlike most Toyota watchers, Hino urges us to set our sights not on replicating Toyota's success, but on surpassing it. This point is crucial, because it moves our attention away from slavish imitation of what is visible on the surface and challenges us to tap into deeper and more powerful mechanisms of excellence. This is not a cookbook and it is not 'Toyota Lite.' It deserves serious study, application and experimentation. Learn how Toyota thinks, Hino is telling us. Learn Toyota's strengths, make them your own and then exceed them.—Andrew Dillon,September
The concept of topology has become commonplace in various scientific fields. The next stage is to bring together the knowledge accumulated in these fields. This volume contains articles on experiments and theories in connection with topology, including wide-ranging fields such as materials science, superconductivity, charge density waves, superfluidity, optics, and field theory. The nearly 60 peer-reviewed papers include contributions by noted authors Michael V Berry and Roman W Jackiw. The book serves as an excellent reference for both researchers and graduate students.
THE EMOTIONAL AND LIFE-AFFIRMING NEW NOVEL FROM THE INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLING AUTHOR OF DAYS AT THE MORISAKI BOOKSHOP, TRANSLATED FROM JAPANESE BY ERIC OZAWA In Tokyo, there is a neighbourhood with the highest number of bookstores in the world. It is called Jinbocho where book lovers can browse to their heart's delight and where hunters of first editions or autographed copies prowl the bookcases. The Morisaki bookshop, a small family-run shop, is so packed with books that barely five people can fit inside. Books crowd the shelves and invade every corner of the floor; when a customer arrives, the owner, Satoru, immediately pops out from behind the counter. Recently, his wife Momoko has joined him, and often, in her free time after work, their niece Takako also helps out. For the first time, the girl does not feel lonely; she has new friends and new rituals to keep her company: the annual Jinbocho festival, the café around the corner, or an unexpected visitor. Because, as she has discovered, a bookstore is populated not by the characters contained in the books, but also by those who frequent it. And those stories create bonds. As a sign of gratitude, Takako gives her aunt and uncle a trip, promising to look after the shop while they are away. Everything seems to be going swimmingly, but then why is Satoru behaving so strangely? And what does that woman with the red umbrella want who has appeared at the end of the street? How many other stories, emotions, and treasures does the Morisaki bookshop hold? Loved by thousands of readers worldwide, More Days at the Morisaki Bookshop is a story of hope, friendship and the healing power of books. Will we see you in the bookshop this summer? PRAISE FOR DAYS AT THE MORISAKI BOOKSHOP: 'Brims with genuine charm . . . evokes powerful feelings that any book lover will recognize' Japan Times 'Ozawa's translation gracefully captures the author's whimsical and tender voice. Yagisawa has the right touch for lifting a reader's mood' Publishers Weekly 'Readers will want to linger in this world' Booklist 'A familiar romance about books and bookstores, told with heart and humor' Kirkus 'A slender book, but one rich in experience, exactly like the tiny, crammed Morisaki bookshop itself' New York Journal of Books
Algebraic statistics is a rapidly developing field, where ideas from statistics and algebra meet and stimulate new research directions. One of the origins of algebraic statistics is the work by Diaconis and Sturmfels in 1998 on the use of Gröbner bases for constructing a connected Markov chain for performing conditional tests of a discrete exponential family. In this book we take up this topic and present a detailed summary of developments following the seminal work of Diaconis and Sturmfels. This book is intended for statisticians with minimal backgrounds in algebra. As we ourselves learned algebraic notions through working on statistical problems and collaborating with notable algebraists, we hope that this book with many practical statistical problems is useful for statisticians to start working on the field.
The first-ever attempt to paint a full-scale portrait of the Japanese Occupation of Southeast Asia during the Asia-Pacific War (1942–5). This book draws on the huge body of available narrative—military documents, bureaucratic records and personal accounts of combatants and civilians, including diaries, memoirs and collected correspondence—most of which have previously been either unknown or unavailable to non-Japanese readers. It examines how the Japanese imperial adventure in Southeast Asia sped up the collapse of the Japanese Empire as a whole, not only through its ultimate military defeat in the region, but also due to its failure as an occupier from the very beginning. Nakano explains the significance of the Japanese Occupation of Southeast Asia as a learning experience for the occupiers, whether soldiers on the frontlines or civilians on the home front. He uses a synthesis, overlay and juxtaposition of a selection of these narratives, to reassemble the narrative as a whole. This brings into focus the outlook of those Japanese who set out for Southeast Asia with the purpose to urge the region’s occupied people to collaborate with Japan to transform the region into an integral part of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Many would eventually discover that what required change was Japan and its whole approach to colonial rule, as was realized so quickly in the postwar era. The original Japanese version was published as Tonan Ajia senryo to Nihonjin: Teikoku Nihon no kaitai [The occupation of Southeast Asia and the Japanese: The dismantling of the Japanese Empire]. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, 2012. ISBN: 430922542X.
Bio-organic Chemistry has corne of age - the sign of this is the start of a new series of Lecture Notes that are the product and substrate of spreading this line of modern knowledge among graduate students and research workers in such fields as mechanistic biochemistry, bio mimetic organic chemistry, biotechnological application of enzymology, to name only a few examples of how many frontiers are opened and borders lifted - just at. the time when the demand for a'''Synthetic Biology" and "Molecular Biotechnology" is increasing - fields that have been neglected for (too) long a time by "classical" chemists in curricula and imagination. We hope that through this first volume, which pOints in the several directions mentioned above, the profile of the undertaking will become clear and that it will find resonance among the scientific community interested in the thoughtful application of chemical and physical con cepts to biochemical and molecular-biological problems.
A study of how the 'whiteness' of Europeans was constructed in the colonial situation, using British India of the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a case study.
Written by multidisciplinary experts in medicine, chemistry, and architecture, this book examines chemical sensitivity (CS). In 15 chapters fitted to 15 lectures, it discusses not only the medical explanation, but also the environmental factors of this hypersensitive reaction, such as chemistry and architectural aspects. The book overviews pollution-induced diseases such as Minamata Disease. It also points out the similarity of modern hypersensitivity syndromes to historical pollution diseases from the viewpoints of not only natural scientific aspects, but also social understanding of the disease.
Brilliant anime director Satoshi Kon (Paprika, Paranoia Agent, Tokyo Godfathers, Millennium Actress, Perfect Blue) died tragically young in 2010 at the age of 46. Before he became a director, he was a manga artist, and Dark Horse is honored to remember Kon with the release of Satoshi Kon's OPUS, an omnibus collection of a two-volume manga from 1996, created by Kon on the eve of his first film. OPUS contains the mastery of both realism and surrealism that would make Kon famous in Perfect Blue, as a manga artist becomes drawn into his own work and realizes the deadline he's up against is to stop a vicious serial killer before he can spill more innocent blood--not merely ink!
This book presents the basics of quantum information, e.g., foundation of quantum theory, quantum algorithms, quantum entanglement, quantum entropies, quantum coding, quantum error correction and quantum cryptography. The required knowledge is only elementary calculus and linear algebra. This way the book can be understood by undergraduate students. In order to study quantum information, one usually has to study the foundation of quantum theory. This book describes it from more an operational viewpoint which is suitable for quantum information while traditional textbooks of quantum theory lack this viewpoint. The current book bases on Shor's algorithm, Grover's algorithm, Deutsch-Jozsa's algorithm as basic algorithms. To treat several topics in quantum information, this book covers several kinds of information quantities in quantum systems including von Neumann entropy. The limits of several kinds of quantum information processing are given. As important quantum protocols, this book contains quantum teleportation, quantum dense coding, quantum data compression. In particular conversion theory of entanglement via local operation and classical communication are treated too. This theory provides the quantification of entanglement, which coincides with von Neumann entropy. The next part treats the quantum hypothesis testing. The decision problem of two candidates of the unknown state are given. The asymptotic performance of this problem is characterized by information quantities. Using this result, the optimal performance of classical information transmission via noisy quantum channel is derived. Quantum information transmission via noisy quantum channel by quantum error correction are discussed too. Based on this topic, the secure quantum communication is explained. In particular, the quantification of quantum security which has not been treated in existing book is explained. This book treats quantum cryptography from a more practical viewpoint.
The advance in robotics has boosted the application of autonomous vehicles to perform tedious and risky tasks or to be cost-effective substitutes for their - man counterparts. Based on their working environment, a rough classi cation of the autonomous vehicles would include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), - manned ground vehicles (UGVs), autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), and autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs). UAVs, UGVs, AUVs, and ASVs are called UVs (unmanned vehicles) nowadays. In recent decades, the development of - manned autonomous vehicles have been of great interest, and different kinds of autonomous vehicles have been studied and developed all over the world. In part- ular, UAVs have many applications in emergency situations; humans often cannot come close to a dangerous natural disaster such as an earthquake, a ood, an active volcano, or a nuclear disaster. Since the development of the rst UAVs, research efforts have been focused on military applications. Recently, however, demand has arisen for UAVs such as aero-robotsand ying robotsthat can be used in emergency situations and in industrial applications. Among the wide variety of UAVs that have been developed, small-scale HUAVs (helicopter-based UAVs) have the ability to take off and land vertically as well as the ability to cruise in ight, but their most importantcapability is hovering. Hoveringat a point enables us to make more eff- tive observations of a target. Furthermore, small-scale HUAVs offer the advantages of low cost and easy operation.
A comprehensive overview covering the principles and preparation of catalysts, as well as reactor technology and applications in the field of organic synthesis, energy production, and environmental catalysis. Edited and authored by renowned and experienced scientists, this reference focuses on successful reaction procedures for applications in industry. Topics include catalyst preparation, the treatment of waste water and air, biomass and waste valorisation, hydrogen production, oil refining as well as organic synthesis in the presence of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts and continuous-flow reactions. With its practical relevance and successful methodologies, this is a valuable guide for chemists at universities working in the field of catalysis, organic synthesis, pharmaceutical or green chemistry, as well as researchers and engineers in the chemical industry.
Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this concise exposition and analysis of the essential elements of law with regard to family relations, marital property, and succession to estates in Japan covers the legal rules and customs pertaining to the intertwined civic status of persons, the family, and property. After an informative general introduction, the book proceeds to an in-depth discussion of the sources and instruments of family and succession law, the authorities that adjudicate and administer the laws, and issues surrounding the person as a legal entity and the legal disposition of property among family members. Such matters as nationality, domicile, and residence; marriage, divorce, and cohabitation; adoption and guardianship; succession and inter vivos arrangements; and the acquisition and administration of estates are all treated to a degree of depth that will prove useful in nearly any situation likely to arise in legal practice. The book is primarily designed to assist lawyers who find themselves having to apply rules of international private law or otherwise handling cases connected with Japan. It will also be of great value to students and practitioners as a quick guide and easy-to-use practical resource in the field, and especially to academicians and researchers engaged in comparative studies by providing the necessary, basic material of family and succession law.
Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this concise exposition and analysis of the essential elements of law with regard to family relations, marital property, and succession to estates in Japan covers the legal rules and customs pertaining to the intertwined civic status of persons, the family, and property. After an informative general introduction, the book proceeds to an in-depth discussion of the sources and instruments of family and succession law, the authorities that adjudicate and administer the laws, and issues surrounding the person as a legal entity and the legal disposition of property among family members. Such matters as nationality, domicile, and residence; marriage, divorce, and cohabitation; adoption and guardianship; succession and inter vivos arrangements; and the acquisition and administration of estates are all treated to a degree of depth that will prove useful in nearly any situation likely to arise in legal practice. The book is primarily designed to assist lawyers who find themselves having to apply rules of international private law or otherwise handling cases connected with Japan. It will also be of great value to students and practitioners as a quick guide and easy-to-use practical resource in the field, and especially to academicians and researchers engaged in comparative studies by providing the necessary, basic material of family and succession law.
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