Santiago Acosta's Books

Fiscal Reforms, Long-term Growth and Income Inequality

By: Mr.Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Mr.Takuji Komatsuzaki,Carolina Correa-Caro

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Fiscal Reforms, Long-term Growth and Income Inequality

By: Mr.Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Mr.Takuji Komatsuzaki,Carolina Correa-Caro

We estimate the effects on growth of nine fiscal reform episodes in seven high-income countries using the Synthetic Control Method. These episodes are selected using an indicator-based approach applied to the evaluation of growth-friendly fiscal reforms during 1975-2010. We find that in reform countries the annual growth rate of real GDP was on average about 1 percentage point above their synthetic units 10 years after each respective reform. Moreover, countries which were initially less developed seemed to experience a larger growth impact after their reforms. Results are broadly robust to controlling for structural reforms on business regulation, financial market, labor market, and legal and product markets, which may also affect growth. Our findings also suggest that inequality is not affected by the growth-friendly fiscal reforms analyzed in this paper.

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International Monetary Fund

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ISBN 10

1484306988

ISBN 13

9781484306987

A Guide and Tool for Projecting Public Debt and Fiscal Adjustment Paths with Local- and Foreign-Currency Debt

By: Mr. Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Mr. Leonardo Martinez

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A Guide and Tool for Projecting Public Debt and Fiscal Adjustment Paths with Local- and Foreign-Currency Debt

By: Mr. Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Mr. Leonardo Martinez

This guide presents the analytical underpinnings and a user manual for the Excel-based Public Debt Dynamics Tool (DDT).

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International Monetary Fund

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ISBN 10

151357728X

ISBN 13

9781513577289

Tax Composition and Growth

A Broad Cross-Country Perspective

By: Mr.Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Ms.Jiae Yoo

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Tax Composition and Growth

A Broad Cross-Country Perspective

By: Mr.Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Ms.Jiae Yoo

We investigate the relation between changes in tax composition and long-run economic growth using a new dataset covering a broad cross-section of countries with different income levels. We specifically consider 69 countries with at least 20 years of observations on total tax revenue during the period 1970-2009—21 high-income, 23 middle-income and 25 low-income countries. To our knowledge this is the most comprehensive and up-to-date dataset on tax composition and growth. We find that increasing income taxes while reducing consumption and property taxes is associated with slower growth over the long run. We also find that: (1) among income taxes, social security contributions and personal income taxes have a stronger negative association with growth than corporate income taxes; (2) a shift from income taxes to property taxes has a strong positive association with growth; and (3) a reduction in income taxes while increasing value added and sales taxes is also associated with faster growth.

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International Monetary Fund

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ISBN 10

1616355670

ISBN 13

9781616355678

Revitalizing Industrial Growth in Pakistan

Trade, Infrastructure, and Environmental Performance

By: Ernesto Sánchez-Triana,Dan Biller,Ijaz Nabi,Leonard Ortolano,Ghazal Dezfuli,Javaid Afzal,Santiago Enriquez

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Revitalizing Industrial Growth in Pakistan

Trade, Infrastructure, and Environmental Performance

By: Ernesto Sánchez-Triana,Dan Biller,Ijaz Nabi,Leonard Ortolano,Ghazal Dezfuli,Javaid Afzal,Santiago Enriquez

Pakistan’s development efforts are guided by its 2011 Framework for Economic Growth, which identifies actions needed to create a prosperous, industrialized Pakistan through rapid and sustainable development. Industrialization has the potential to drive Pakistan’s economic growth and contribute significantly to meeting both economic and human development goals in Pakistan. Expansions of industrialization activities, whether in highly developed or developing countries, can be stimuli for intense debate about such projects’ benefits and costs to the region in which they are to be located, to the national economy—and to human health and the environment. Pakistan’s 2011 Framework for Economic Growth recognizes that, to accelerate industrialization, Pakistan must reduce the cost of doing business and create an incentive structure designed to achieve a competitive, dynamic, and export-driven industrial sector capable of providing employment to the growing labor force. Competing in global markets requires a socially and environmentally sustainable industrialization strategy. The four main inputs for sustainable industrial growth in Pakistan discussed in this book are 1) Macroeconomic stability and sectoral policies to support industrial competitiveness by allowing long-term planning, including investments in infrastructure and cleaner production. 2) Upgraded trade facilitation and infrastructure (particularly transport and energy) to address some of industrialization’s spatial aspects. Improved transport infrastructure will lower production’s environmental costs. 3) Greening of Pakistan’s industrial sector to enhance international competitiveness—“greening” will make Pakistan a more attractive export partner for nations and firms committed to green production. 4) Strong institutions—for example, environmental management agencies to control pollution, and cleaner production centers to increase domestic awareness of international environmental standards—to implement industrialization initiatives effectively, including those for small and medium-sized enterprises. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of issues relating to the debate about Pakistan’s green industrial growth and lays out priorities and strategies for “greening” Pakistan’s industrial growth.

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197

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World Bank Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

1464800294

ISBN 13

9781464800290

Neotropical Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae)

A Critical Analysis of Their Taxonomy, Distribution, and Host Relationships

By: Alberto A. Guglielmone,Santiago Nava,Richard G. Robbins

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Neotropical Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae)

A Critical Analysis of Their Taxonomy, Distribution, and Host Relationships

By: Alberto A. Guglielmone,Santiago Nava,Richard G. Robbins

Of the 758 species of hard ticks (family Ixodidae) currently known to science, 137 (18%) are found in the Neotropical Zoogeographic Region, an area that extends from the eastern and western flanks of the Mexican Plateau southward to southern Argentina and Chile and that also includes the Greater and Lesser Antilles and the Galápagos Islands. This vast and biotically rich region has long attracted natural scientists, with the result that the literature on Neotropical ticks, which are second only to mosquitoes as vectors of human disease and are of paramount veterinary importance, is enormous, diffuse, and often inaccessible to non-specialists. In this book, three leading authorities on the Ixodidae have combined their talents to produce a summary of essential information for every Neotropical tick species. Under each species name, readers will find an account of the original taxonomic description and subsequent redescriptions, followed by an overview of its geographic distribution and host relationships, including a discussion of human parasitism. Additional sections provide detailed analyses of tick distribution by country and zoogeographic subregion (the Caribbean, southern Mexico and Central America, South America, and the Galápagos Islands), together with a review of the phenomenon of invasive tick species and examination of the many valid and invalid names that have appeared in the Neotropical tick literature. The text concludes with an unprecedented tabulation of all known hosts of Neotropical Ixodidae, including the tick life history stages collected from each host. This book is an invaluable reference for biologists and biomedical personnel seeking to familiarize themselves with the Neotropical tick fauna.

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504

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Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3030723534

ISBN 13

9783030723538

Medicalizing Ethnicity

The Construction of Latino Identity in a Psychiatric Setting

By: Vilma Santiago-Irizarry

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Medicalizing Ethnicity

The Construction of Latino Identity in a Psychiatric Setting

By: Vilma Santiago-Irizarry

In Medicalizing Ethnicity, Vilma Santiago-Irizarry shows how commendable intentions can produce unintended consequences. Santiago-Irizarry conducted ethnographic fieldwork in three bilingual, bicultural psychiatric programs for Latino patients at public mental health facilities in New York City. The introduction of "cultural sensitivity" in mental health clinics, she concludes, led doctors to construct essentialized, composite versions of Latino ethnicity in their drive to treat mental illness with sensitivity. The author demonstrates that stressing Latino differences when dealing with patients resulted not in empowerment, as intended, but in the reassertion of Anglo-American standards of behavior in the guise of psychiatric categories by which Latino culture was negatively defined. For instance, doctors routinely translated their patients' beliefs in the Latino religious traditions of espiritismo and Santería into psychiatric terms, thus treating these beliefs as pathologies.Interpreting mental health care through the framework of culture and politics has potent effects on the understanding of "normality" toward which such care aspires. At the core of Medicalizing Ethnicity is the very definition of multiculturalism used by a variety of institutional settings in an attempt to mandate equality.

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195

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Cornell University Press

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ISBN 10

1501718452

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9781501718458

Island Paradox

Puerto Rico in the 1990s

By: Francisco Rivera-Batiz,Carlos E. Santiago

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Island Paradox

Puerto Rico in the 1990s

By: Francisco Rivera-Batiz,Carlos E. Santiago

One of the year's best books on Puerto Rico."—El Nuevo Dia, San Juan "[The authors] are highly regarded labor economists who have written extensively and intelligently in the past, and again in this volume, on Puerto Rican migration and labor markets... There isabundant statistical data and careful analysis, some of which challenges the conventional wisdom. Highly recommended." —Choice Island Paradox is the first comprehensive, census-based portrait of social and economic life in Puerto Rico. During its nearly fiftyyears as a U.S. commonwealth, the relationship between Puerto Rico's small, developing economy and the vastly larger, more industrialized United States has triggered profound changes in the island's industry and labor force. Puerto Rico has been deeply affected by the constant flow of its people to and from the mainland, and by the influx of immigrant workers from other nations. Distinguished economists Francisco Rivera-Batiz and Carlos Santiago provide the latest data on the socioeconomic status of Puerto Rico today, and examine current conditions within the context of the major trends of the past two decades. Island Paradox describes many improvements in Puerto Rico's standard of living, including rising per-capita income, longer life expectancies, greater educational attainment, and increased job prospects for women. But it also discusses the devastating surge in unemployment. Rapid urbanization and a vanishing agricultural sector have led to severe inequality, as family income has become increasingly dependent on education and geographic location. Although Puerto Rico's close ties to the United States were the major source of the island's economic growth prior to 1970, they have also been at the root of recent hardships. Puerto Rico's trade andbusiness transactions remain predominantly with the United States, but changes in federal tax, social, and budgetary policies, along with international agreements such as NAFTA, now threaten to alter the economic ties between the island and the mainland. Island Paradox reveals the social and family changes that have occurred among Puerto Ricans on the island and the mainland. The significant decline in the island's population growth is traced in part to women's increased pursuit of educational and employment opportunities before marrying. More children are being raised by singleparents, but this stems from a higher divorce rate and not a rise in teenage pregnancy. The widespread circular migration to and from the United States has had strong repercussions for the island's labor markets and social balance, leading to concerns about an island brain drain. The Puerto Rican population in the United States hasbecome increasingly diverse, less regionally concentrated and not, as some have claimed, in danger of becoming an underclass. Within a single generation Puerto Rico has experienced social and economic shifts of an unprecedented magnitude. Island Paradox charts Puerto Rico's economic fortunes, summarizes the major demographic trends, and identifies the issues that will have the strongest bearings on Puerto Rico's prospects for a successful future. A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation Census Series

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211

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Russell Sage Foundation

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ISBN 10

1610444736

ISBN 13

9781610444736

La SuraméRica Que Recorrí

Memorias de un Viaje en Motocicleta

By: Santiago Lema Londo O.,Santiago Lema Londoño

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La SuraméRica Que Recorrí

Memorias de un Viaje en Motocicleta

By: Santiago Lema Londo O.,Santiago Lema Londoño

Montañas, valles, páramos, cañones, nevados, volcanes, glaciares, desiertos, lagos, bosques, estepas, frío, calor, viento, geología sorprendente, cataratas, salinas, cielos infinitos, océanos, aguas termales, trochas, autopistas, interesantes ruinas, pingüinos, cóndores, comida variada, gente amable, precios cómodos, carne asada, fronteras fáciles, mismo idioma, lugares únicos en el mundo, cultura indígena. Esto y mucho más es Suramérica. El autor comparte sus numerosas aventuras personales, no siempre agradables para él, durante cinco meses y a lo largo de casi cuarenta mil kilómetros por el continente. Pero la jornada había comenzado treinta y cuatro años antes, imaginando un viaje que nunca se pudo forjar. Durante ese tiempo la llama se atenuaba cíclicamente, pero nunca se extinguió. Este libro invita a visitar las maravillas de una tierra que está aún por revelar. También lo invita a que usted tampoco deje apagar la llama que lo puede llevar algún día a cumplir con esa promesa de recorrer Suramérica.

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409

Publisher

Palibrio

Published Date

ISBN 10

146333172X

ISBN 13

9781463331726

Explaining Inequality and Poverty Reduction in Bolivia

By: Mr.Mauricio Vargas,Santiago Garriga

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Explaining Inequality and Poverty Reduction in Bolivia

By: Mr.Mauricio Vargas,Santiago Garriga

We investigate the factors driving Bolivia’s success in reducing inequality and poverty during the last 15 years. Our evidence suggests that the reduction was driven mainly by labor income growth at the bottom end of the income distribution. Increases in non-labor income (rents, transfers, remittances) also played a role, but a smaller one, although the introduction of Renta Dignidad has made a big difference for the elderly poor. Labor income increases were concentrated in the informal, low-skilled service and manufacturing sectors. As the gains from the commodity boom go into reverse, and the fiscal envelope becomes much tighter, it will be essential that labor and social policies are well designed and targeted to preserve the poverty and inequality reduction of the last 15 years.

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International Monetary Fund

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ISBN 10

1513522523

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9781513522524

Counseling Latinos and la Familia

A Practical Guide

By: Azara L Santiago-Rivera,Patricia Arredondo,Maritza Gallardo-Cooper

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Counseling Latinos and la Familia

A Practical Guide

By: Azara L Santiago-Rivera,Patricia Arredondo,Maritza Gallardo-Cooper

Counseling Latinos and la familia provides an integrated approach to understanding Latino families and increasing competency for counselors and other mental health professional who work with Latinos and their families. It provides essential background information about the Latino population and the family unit, which is so central to Latino culture, including the diversity of various Spanish-speaking groups, socio-political issues, and changing family forms. The book also includes practical counseling strategies, focusing on the multicultural competencies approach.

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252

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SAGE Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

0761923306

ISBN 13

9780761923305

Puerto Rico and the Origins of U.S. Global Empire

The Disembodied Shade

By: Charles R. Venator-Santiago

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Puerto Rico and the Origins of U.S. Global Empire

The Disembodied Shade

By: Charles R. Venator-Santiago

Drawing on a postcolonial legal history of the United States’ territorial expansionism, this book provides an analysis of the foundations of its global empire. Charles R. Venator-Santiago argues that the United States has developed three traditions of territorial expansionism with corresponding constitutional interpretations, namely colonialist, imperialist, and global expansionist. This book offers an alternative interpretation of the origins of US global expansion, suggesting it began with the tradition of territorial expansionism following the 1898 Spanish–American War to legitimate the annexation of Puerto Rico and other non-contiguous territories. The relating constitutional interpretation grew out of the 1901 Insular Cases in which the Supreme Court coined the notion of an unincorporated territory to describe the 1900 Foraker Act’s normalization of the prevailing military territorial policies. Since then the United States has invoked the ensuing precedents to legitimate a wide array of global policies, including the ‘war on terror’. Puerto Rico and the Origins of US Global Empire: The Disembodied Shade combines a unique study of Puerto Rican legal history with a new interpretation of contemporary US policy. As such, it provides a valuable resource for students and scholars of the legal and historical disciplines, especially those with a specific interest in American and postcolonial studies.

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172

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Routledge

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ISBN 10

1135047340

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9781135047344

Disaster Risk Reduction in Mexico

Methodologies, Case Studies, and Prospective Views

By: Diana Sánchez-Partida,José-Luis Martínez-Flores,Santiago-Omar Caballero-Morales,Patricia Cano-Olivos

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Disaster Risk Reduction in Mexico

Methodologies, Case Studies, and Prospective Views

By: Diana Sánchez-Partida,José-Luis Martínez-Flores,Santiago-Omar Caballero-Morales,Patricia Cano-Olivos

This book recognizes Mexico's effects and challenges in a natural disaster and offers empirical risk-reduction methods in critical cases. The proposals considered here include real and detailed analysis, a set of models, frameworks, strategies, and findings in the three stages of the disaster (before–during–after). This book: describes the methodology to find secure locations for the Regional Humanitarian Response Depot; offers recommendations for the sites and creation of an Export Logistics Cluster; shows how to use available technology and information to locate volunteers in the right spots describes mathematical models to help to allocate procedure of resources for restoring the affected community and proposes actions to create resilience in the country's main economic sectors, including agriculture and industry. The processes applied at recent disasters such as the 19S earthquake and their results are used as case studies, identifying possibilities for further improvement. The book also describes new trends for Mexico due to climate change and makes suggestions for mitigating future disasters. The proposals are also replicable to other highly populated societies with similar socio-economic structures. Finally, this book is the basis for generating more innovative recommendations by researchers, graduate students, academics, professionals, and practitioners to obtain better planning and better collaboration between all the humanitarian chain actors. This book intends to be of interest as a fundamental tool for decision-makers, governments, non-governmental organizations, and enterprises.

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380

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Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3030672956

ISBN 13

9783030672959

Rethinking the Struggle for Puerto Rican Rights

By: Lorrin R Thomas,Aldo A Lauria Santiago

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Rethinking the Struggle for Puerto Rican Rights

By: Lorrin R Thomas,Aldo A Lauria Santiago

Rethinking the Struggle for Puerto Rican Rights offers a reexamination of the history of Puerto Ricans’ political and social activism in the United States in the twentieth century. Authors Lorrin Thomas and Aldo A. Lauria Santiago survey the ways in which Puerto Ricans worked within the United States to create communities for themselves and their compatriots in times and places where dark-skinned or ‘foreign’ Americans were often unwelcome. The authors argue that the energetic Puerto Rican rights movement which rose to prominence in the late 1960s was built on a foundation of civil rights activism beginning much earlier in the century. The text contextualizes Puerto Rican activism within the broader context of twentieth-century civil rights movements, while emphasizing the characteristics and goals unique to the Puerto Rican experience. Lucid and insightful, Rethinking the Struggle for Puerto Rican Rights provides a much-needed introduction to a lesser-known but critically important social and political movement.

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331

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Routledge

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ISBN 10

1351678728

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9781351678728

Subject People and Colonial Discourses

Economic Transformation and Social Disorder in Puerto Rico, 1898-1947

By: Kelvin A. Santiago-Valles

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Subject People and Colonial Discourses

Economic Transformation and Social Disorder in Puerto Rico, 1898-1947

By: Kelvin A. Santiago-Valles

This book rethinks the social processes that violently refashioned Puerto Rican society in the first half of the twentieth century. Santiago-Valles explores how the new regime's socio-economic, political, and signification systems socially constructed the laboring poor of this Caribbean island as "wayward" subjects. Critically drawing on recent theorizations of post-structuralism, feminism, critical criminology, subaltern studies, and post-coloniality he examines the mechanisms through which colonized subjects become recognized, contained, and represented as subordinate. He analyzes the structures of social control in Latin America by focusing on the evolving definitions of deviance, social unrest, and economic development. At issue are the cultural practices that necessarily accompanied and aided U. S. colonialist enterprises in Puerto Rico during a shift in the world capitalist market and in geopolitical hegemony with the Caribbean.

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322

Publisher

State University of New York Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1438418655

ISBN 13

9781438418650

Participation in Social Policy

Public Health in Comparative Perspective

By: Tulia G. Falleti,Santiago L. Cunial

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Participation in Social Policy

Public Health in Comparative Perspective

By: Tulia G. Falleti,Santiago L. Cunial

Health is a defining feature of life and its politics vital. Governments and international organizations have promoted community participation in public health since the late 1970s. However, we lack comparative studies of these participatory institutions in public health. This Element proposes a conceptualization of programmatic participation and distinguishes between two types, monitoring and policy-making. Falleti and Cunial review the origins of state-sanctioned institutions that mandate community participation in health in the two world regions with most advanced social welfare systems, Western Europe and Latin America, implying a comparative analysis of eleven health care systems. They argue that the origins of participatory institutions help account for the resulting types of programmatic participation. They delve deeper into the study of the experience of participation for policy making and analyze two hundred local participatory projects in public health. Falleti and Cunial focus their attention on the characteristics of participants, the role of health care professionals, and the role of local politics in the execution of community projects.

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Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1108650449

ISBN 13

9781108650441

Las Christmas

Favorite Latino Authors Share Their Holiday Memories

By: Esmeralda Santiago,Joie Davidow

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Las Christmas

Favorite Latino Authors Share Their Holiday Memories

By: Esmeralda Santiago,Joie Davidow

Twenty-five celebrated Latino writers delight and move us with their recollections of Christmas in this splendid holiday extravaganza. From Julia Alvarez's tale of how Santicló delivered a beloved uncle from political oppression to Junot Díaz's story of his own uneasy assimilation on his first Christmas in America, to Sandra Cisneros's poignant memories of her late father's holiday dinners, Las Christmas gives us true stories from writers of many traditions--memories of Christmas and Hanukkah that vividly capture the pride and pain, joy and heartbreak, that so often accompany the holidays in the Americas. Richly illustrated and embellished with songs and poems, along with recipes for an unforgettable Christmas dinner--from traditional sweet tamales to Puerto Rican asopao (stew) and coquito (coconut eggnog)--this is an enduring treasury of Latino writing to read again and again. A heartwarming holiday gift.

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226

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Vintage

Published Date

ISBN 10

0307426556

ISBN 13

9780307426550

Critique of Latin American Reason

By: Santiago Castro-Gómez

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Critique of Latin American Reason

By: Santiago Castro-Gómez

Critique of Latin American Reason is one of the most important philosophical texts to have come out of South America in recent decades. First published in 1996, it offers a sweeping critique of the foundational schools of thought in Latin American philosophy and critical theory. Santiago Castro-Gómez argues that “Latin America” is not so much a geographical entity, a culture, or a place, but rather an object of knowledge produced by a family of discourses in the humanities that are inseparably linked to colonial power relationships. Using the archaeological and genealogical methods of Michel Foucault, he analyzes the political, literary, and philosophical discourses and modes of power that have contributed to the making of “Latin America.” Castro-Gómez examines the views of a wide range of Latin American thinkers on modernity, postmodernity, identity, colonial history, and literature, also considering how these questions have intersected with popular culture. His critique spans Central and South America, and it also implicates broader and protracted global processes. This book presents this groundbreaking work of contemporary critical theory in English translation for the first time. It features a foreword by Linda Martín Alcoff, a new preface by the author, and an introduction by Eduardo Mendieta situating Castro-Gómez’s thought in the context of critical theory in Latin America and the Global South. Two appendixes feature an interview with Castro-Gómez that sheds light on the book’s composition and short provocations responding to each chapter from a multidisciplinary forum of contemporary scholars who resituate the work within a range of perspectives including feminist, Francophone African, and decolonial Black political thought.

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199

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Columbia University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0231553412

ISBN 13

9780231553414

Zero-Point Hubris

Science, Race, and Enlightenment in Eighteenth-Century Latin America

By: Santiago Castro-Gómez

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Zero-Point Hubris

Science, Race, and Enlightenment in Eighteenth-Century Latin America

By: Santiago Castro-Gómez

Operating within the framework of postcolonial studies and decolonial theory, this important work starts from the assumption that the violence exercised by European colonialism was not only physical and economic, but also ‘epistemic’. Santiago Castro-Gómez argues that toward the end of the eighteenth century, this epistemic violence of the Spanish Empire assumed a specific form: zero-point hubris. The ‘many forms of knowing’ were integrated into a chronological hierarchy in which scientific-enlightened knowledge appears at the highest point on the cognitive scale, while all other epistemes are seen as constituting its past. Enlightened criollo thinkers did not hesitate to situate the Black, Indigenous, and mestizo peoples of New Granada in the lowest position on this cognitive scale. Castro-Gómez argues that in the colonial periphery of the Spanish Americas, Enlightenment constituted not only the position of epistemic distance separating science from all other knowledges, but also the position of ethnic distance separating the criollos from the ‘castes’. Epistemic violence—and not only physical violence—is thereby found at the very origin of Colombian nationality.

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331

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Rowman & Littlefield

Published Date

ISBN 10

1786613786

ISBN 13

9781786613783

The Health Workforce in Latin America and the Caribbean

An Analysis of Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Panama, Peru, and Uruguay

By: Carmen Carpio,Natalia Santiago Bench

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The Health Workforce in Latin America and the Caribbean

An Analysis of Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Panama, Peru, and Uruguay

By: Carmen Carpio,Natalia Santiago Bench

This report provides a status update on the human resources for health (HRH) sub-system in six Latin American and Caribbean countries: Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Panama, Peru, and Uruguay. The report structures its discussion around how the health workforce is financed, organized, managed, regulated, and performing. In the area of financing, the study presents the variety of contracting mechanisms, salary levels, and financial incentives offered across the countries and their role in being able to attract and retain health workers. On the organization of the HRH sub-system, the report looks at the skill-mix, training, and distribution of health care workers concluding that although the countries have made progress towards achieving key HRH targets and in making education more accessible, there continues to be limited absorption capacity for graduates, the Primary Health Care focus of training programs needs to be strengthened, and strategies to encourage rural service have not been able to fully address the gap in the distribution of health workers. In reviewing management strategies for HRH, the report presents how all countries have adopted the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel to recognize foreign-trained professionals to help address shortages and fill gaps of health worker presence in rural, remote areas. However, the countries continue to struggle with putting self-sufficiency policies in place to meet HRH needs such as the lack of promotion plans, limited non-monetary incentives, and the shortage of personnel for recruitment and eventual placement. In the area of regulation, the report presents the countries' efforts to reduce precarious employment and introduce HRH safety policies and legislation to regulate disputes and negotiations. On performance, the report found mixed results in the areas of access/availability to health workers and quality of care, factors discouraging dual practice, and unjustified absenteeism of health workers.

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133

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World Bank Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

1464805954

ISBN 13

9781464805950

The Jar of Severed Hands

Spanish Deportation of Apache Prisoners of War, 1770–1810

By: Mark Santiago

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The Jar of Severed Hands

Spanish Deportation of Apache Prisoners of War, 1770–1810

By: Mark Santiago

More than two centuries after the Coronado Expedition first set foot in the region, the northern frontier of New Spain in the late 1770s was still under attack by Apache raiders. Mark Santiago’s gripping account of Spanish efforts to subdue the Apaches illuminates larger cultural and political issues in the colonial period of the Southwest and northern Mexico. To persuade the Apaches to abandon their homelands and accept Christian “civilization,” Spanish officials employed both the mailed fist of continuous war and the velvet glove of the reservation system. “Hostiles” captured by the Spanish would be deported, while Apaches who agreed to live in peace near the Spanish presidios would receive support. Santiago’s history of the deportation policy includes vivid descriptions of colleras, the chain gangs of Apache prisoners of war bound together for the two-month journey by mule and on foot from the northern frontier to Mexico City. The book’s arresting title, The Jar of Severed Hands, comes from a 1792 report documenting a desperate break for freedom made by a group of Apache prisoners. After subduing the prisoners and killing twelve Apache men, the Spanish soldiers verified the attempted breakout by amputating the left hands of the dead and preserving them in a jar for display to their superiors. Santiago’s nuanced analysis of deportation policy credits both the Apaches’ ability to exploit the Spanish government’s dual approach and the growing awareness on the Spaniards’ part that the peoples they referred to as Apaches were a disparate and complex assortment of tribes that could not easily be subjugated. The Jar of Severed Hands deepens our understanding of the dynamics of the relationship between Indian tribes and colonial powers in the Southwest borderlands.

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273

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University of Oklahoma Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0806186356

ISBN 13

9780806186351

Ticks of the Southern Cone of America

Diagnosis, Distribution, and Hosts with Taxonomy, Ecology and Sanitary Importance

By: Santiago Nava,Jose M. Venzal,Daniel González Acuña,Thiago F. Martins,Alberto A Guglielmone

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Ticks of the Southern Cone of America

Diagnosis, Distribution, and Hosts with Taxonomy, Ecology and Sanitary Importance

By: Santiago Nava,Jose M. Venzal,Daniel González Acuña,Thiago F. Martins,Alberto A Guglielmone

Ticks of the Southern Cone of America: Diagnosis, Distribution and Hosts with Taxonomy, Ecology and Sanitary Importance focuses on the tick species prevalent in The Southern Cone of America, including their distribution, biology, associated pathogens, their effects on the host, and control methods. Based on review of the literature from more than five decades, 62 species of both hard and soft tick have been discovered on the Southern Cone of America. Tick genera observed and recorded include Amblyomma, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, Ixodes, and Rhipicephalus. - Presents a comprehensive discussion that can be used to study identification and biology of tick species on hosts endemic to Argentina, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay) - Provides pictorial keys that can be used to further identify species - Facilitates prevention and control of tick-borne diseases in tropical region - Helps in the diagnoses of tick borne diseases

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374

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Academic Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0128110767

ISBN 13

9780128110768

Fault Diagnosis Inverse Problems: Solution with Metaheuristics

By: Lídice Camps Echevarría,Orestes Llanes Santiago,Haroldo Fraga de Campos Velho,Antônio José da Silva Neto

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Fault Diagnosis Inverse Problems: Solution with Metaheuristics

By: Lídice Camps Echevarría,Orestes Llanes Santiago,Haroldo Fraga de Campos Velho,Antônio José da Silva Neto

This book presents a methodology based on inverse problems for use in solutions for fault diagnosis in control systems, combining tools from mathematics, physics, computational and mathematical modeling, optimization and computational intelligence. This methodology, known as fault diagnosis – inverse problem methodology or FD-IPM, unifies the results of several years of work of the authors in the fields of fault detection and isolation (FDI), inverse problems and optimization. The book clearly and systematically presents the main ideas, concepts and results obtained in recent years. By formulating fault diagnosis as an inverse problem, and by solving it using metaheuristics, the authors offer researchers and students a fresh, interdisciplinary perspective for problem solving in these fields. Graduate courses in engineering, applied mathematics and computing also benefit from this work.

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179

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Springer

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ISBN 10

3319899783

ISBN 13

9783319899787

Mexicans at War

Mexican Military Aviation in the Second World War, 1941–1945

By: Santiago A. Flores

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Mexicans at War

Mexican Military Aviation in the Second World War, 1941–1945

By: Santiago A. Flores

The untold story of Mexican aviators in WWII, including their role in the Battle of the Philippines, is revealed in this illustrated military history. When Mexico’s neighbor to the north entered World War II, German U-Boats began haunting the North American coastline. And when the Kriegsmarine torpedoed Mexican tankers, the young republic was drawn into the global conflict. At first, Mexico was forced to defend its coastline and shipping with general purpose biplanes. But it quickly organized a modern aviation force equal to the task. The newly formed Mexican Naval Aviation established its first squadron to patrol the Gulf of Mexico. Meanwhile, the Mexican Air Force experienced its most rapid growth since it was established in 1915. In 1944, it sent combat pilots to fight alongside the U.S. in the liberation of the Philippines. Even before Mexico’s official involvement, Mexican nationals were volunteering for the Allied air forces of the British Commonwealth and the Free French naval and air forces. Using photos and archival testimony, Mexicans at War sheds much-needed light on Mexican involvement in the Second World War. The introduction also provides a detailed overview of Mexican military aviation from the Mexican Revolution to WWII.

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500

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Casemate Publishers

Published Date

ISBN 10

1913118398

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9781913118396

Can a Government Enhance Long-Run Growth by Changing the Composition of Public Expenditure?

By: Mr.Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Atsuyoshi Morozumi

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Can a Government Enhance Long-Run Growth by Changing the Composition of Public Expenditure?

By: Mr.Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Atsuyoshi Morozumi

This paper studies the effects of public expenditure reallocations on long-run growth. To do this, we assemble a new dataset based on the IMF’s GFS yearbook for the period 1970-2010 and 56 countries (14 low-, 16 medium-, and 26 high-income countries). Using dynamic panel GMM estimators, we find that a reallocation involving a rise in education spending has a positive and statistically robust effect on growth, when the compensating factor remains unspecified or when this is associated with an offsetting reduction in social protection spending. We also find that public capital spending relative to current spending appears to be associated with higher growth, yet results are non-robust in this latter case.

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International Monetary Fund

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ISBN 10

1475560605

ISBN 13

9781475560602

Clinical Strabismus Management

Principles and Surgical Techniques

By: Arthur L. Rosenbaum,Alvina Pauline Santiago

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Clinical Strabismus Management

Principles and Surgical Techniques

By: Arthur L. Rosenbaum,Alvina Pauline Santiago

Introducing a text that provides guidance for the clinician in the assessment and management of all forms of strabismus in both adults and children. Focusing on clinical management, this text puts into perspective modern diagnostic tests, and discusses the range of treatments available once a case of strabismus has been evaluated. Covers both standard and innovative surgical techniques through the use of color intraoperative photographs. Also discusses principles of surgical management and the different surgical procedures commonly used in the management of these complex problems.

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604

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David Hunter

Published Date

ISBN 10

0721676731

ISBN 13

9780721676739

The Value Added Tax and Growth: Design Matters

By: Mr.Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Atsuyoshi Morozumi

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The Value Added Tax and Growth: Design Matters

By: Mr.Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Atsuyoshi Morozumi

Does the design of a tax matter for growth? Assembling a novel dataset for 30 OECD countries over the 1970-2016 period, this paper examines whether the value added tax (VAT) may have different effects on long-run growth depending on whether it is raised through the standard rate or through C-efficiency (a measure of the departure of the VAT from a perfectly enforced tax levied at a single rate on all consumption). Our key findings are twofold. First, for a given total tax revenue, a rise in the VAT, financed by a fall in income taxes, promotes growth only when the VAT is raised through C-efficiency. Second, for a given VAT revenue, a rise in Cefficiency, offset by a fall in the standard rate, also promotes growth. The implication is thus that in OECD countries broadening the VAT base through fewer reduced rates and exemptions is more conducive to higher long-run growth than a rise in the standard rate.

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International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

149831418X

ISBN 13

9781498314183

Demographic Changes in Latin America

The Good, the Bad and ...

By: Mr.Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Marco A Espinosa-Vega,Diego Wachs

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Demographic Changes in Latin America

The Good, the Bad and ...

By: Mr.Santiago Acosta Ormaechea,Marco A Espinosa-Vega,Diego Wachs

The paper develops a simple, integrated methodology to project public pension cash flows and healthcare spending over the long term. We illustrate its features by applying it to the LAC5 (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico), where public spending pressures are expected to increase significantly over 2015-50 due to demographic trends and rising healthcare costs. We simulate alternative pension reforms, including the transition from a defined benefit to a defined contribution pension system and the fiscal burden of a minimum guaranteed pension under the latter. We also analyze public healthcare outlays in the LAC5, which is likewise expected to increase significantly over 2015-50 due to aging and the so-called excess cost growth factor of healthcare services, showing that curbing the evolution of the latter (e.g., through enhanced competition in the healthcare sector) could aid in containing spending pressures. Despite its simplicity, the methodology yields projections that compare well with other approaches. It therefore provides a good benchmark for assessing alternative reform scenarios, particularly in data-constrained countries.

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International Monetary Fund

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ISBN 10

1475594771

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9781475594775

President Donald J. Trump

God Jehovah's End Time Prophet to the Nations

By: Santiago Gomez

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President Donald J. Trump

God Jehovah's End Time Prophet to the Nations

By: Santiago Gomez

The author has been a Christian missionary, pastor, and an evangelist since 1998 when he joined Evangelist Ivan Tate on a mission to Maun, Botswana. He has since conducted missions and pastor conferences to several other African countries as well as to the Philippines and Mexico and Central and South America. He is the recent author of a book titled President Donald J. Trump: God Jehovah's Chosen Vessel and now has an enormous responsibility to warn the people of the United States and the entire world about the impending return of the Lord Jesus Christ to meet His bride, the church, in the air. To join in the celebration of the impending wedding, one must be born-again, one must be dressed (clothed) in Jesus Christ to be allowed into the wedding of the bride and of the Lamb. This will be in the year 2030, as described in this God-inspired treatise. Jesus said no one knows the day nor the hour, but He did not say anything about the year. He left that for us to find in the Bible, which the Lord has so graciously revealed to His servant and fellow laborer, Santiago. He is hoping and praying that true Christians get out of the closet and start an end-time revival that will explode to the outer parts of this fallen world. The author feels that there is no more time to play church since we have been given an end-time prophet to the nations, and that is none other than President Donald J. Trump. It is the author's prayer that not one of God's children will be left behind to deal with the soon-appearing "Antichrist.

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172

Publisher

Page Publishing Inc

Published Date

ISBN 10

1647017599

ISBN 13

9781647017590

Book's by Santiago Acosta

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