Linguistically annotated corpora are becoming a central part of the corpus linguistics field. One of their main strengths is the level of searchability they offer, but with the annotation come problems of the initial complexity of queries and query tools. This book gives a full, pedagogic account of this burgeoning field. Beginning with an overview of corpus linguistics, its prerequisites and goals, the book then introduces linguistically annotated corpora. It explores the different levels of linguistic annotation, including morphological, parts of speech, syntactic, semantic and discourse-level, as well as advantages and challenges for such annotations. It covers the main annotated corpora for English, the Penn Treebank, the International Corpus of English, and OntoNotes, as well as a wide range of corpora for other languages. In its third part, search strategies required for different types of data are explored. All chapters are accompanied by exercises and by sections on further reading.
This is the second of five ambitious volumes theorizing the structure of governance above and below the central state. This book is written for those interested in the character, causes, and consequences of governance within the state. The book argues that jurisdictional design is shaped by the functional pressures that arise from the logic of scale in providing public goods and by the preferences that people have regarding self-government. The first has to do with the character of the public goods provided by government: their scale economies, externalities, and informational asymmetries. The second has to do with how people conceive and construct the groups to which they feel themselves belonging. In this book, the authors demonstrate that scale and community are principles that can help explain some basic features of governance, including the growth of multiple tiers over the past six decades, how jurisdictions are designed, why governance within the state has become differentiated, and the extent to which regions exert authority. The authors propose a postfunctionalist theory which rejects the notion that form follows function, and argue that whilst functional pressures are enduring, one must engage human passions regarding self-rule to explain variation in the structures of rule over time and around the world. Transformations in Governance is a major new academic book series from Oxford University Press. It is designed to accommodate the impressive growth of research in comparative politics, international relations, public policy, federalism, environmental and urban studies concerned with the dispersion of authority from central states up to supranational institutions, down to subnational governments, and side-ways to public-private networks. It brings together work that significantly advances our understanding of the organization, causes, and consequences of multilevel and complex governance. The series is selective, containing annually a small number of books of exceptionally high quality by leading and emerging scholars. The series targets mainly single-authored or co-authored work, but it is pluralistic in terms of disciplinary specialization, research design, method, and geographical scope. Case studies as well as comparative studies, historical as well as contemporary studies, and studies with a national, regional, or international focus are all central to its aims. Authors use qualitative, quantitative, formal modeling, or mixed methods. A trade mark of the books is that they combine scholarly rigour with readable prose and an attractive production style. The series is edited by Liesbet Hooghe and Gary Marks of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and the VU Amsterdam, and Walter Mattli of the University of Oxford.
Success doesn't come to you? You go to it."Marva Collins Sandra Stubbs, mentor, writer, life coach, charismatic leader, and motivational speaker epitomizes these words. As a Pastoral leader, Mrs. Stubbs believes success is no longer defined by terms manifested from external forces, but intrinsic forces such as motivation, inspiration, divine intervention, potential, and purpose. This bold approach to Christian living is the catalyst whereby she provokes sustainable change in life's conditions and situations. Her inspirational message of change captivates her audience and inspires them to burn the boat of doubt and walk on the water of faith. Her words and presentation are empowering, encouraging, and sets the stage for emotional liberty to those who have lost hope along life's way; and reassures those who are tenacious enough to fight the good fight of faith. A graduate of Northwest Christian University (NWCU) with a Bachelor's of Arts in Business Management; Mrs. Stubbs has been in Christian ministry all of her life. She received her Pastoral license in 2004. For more than ten years she has served as the Assistant Pastor of PowerHouse Worship Center under the tutelage of Pastor Carl Stubbs Jr, her husband and friend. As a graduate of the Life Coach Institute, Mrs. Stubbs Co-founded, Touch Me Not Life Coaching. Success is no longer defined by terms from external forces, but intrinsic forces such as motivation, potential and purpose with the intent of provoking youth to redefine self-worth. Kim McGrew, teacher, trainer, life coach, writer and motivational speaker, lives by this motto. Her bold approach to life's challenges and situations captivates her audience. She shares profound truths born out of her personal experiences in a manner that inspires everyone that encounters her to reach seemingly insurmountable heights in their personal and professional lives. As she travels across the country, her inspirational creativity soothes many and challenges others on their journey. Ms. McGrew's strategy is to provoke change and provide a driving force towards life enhancement. A graduate of Oregon State University with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Human Development and Family Science; and a minor in Sociology. She is the co- author of "Finish Strong," a workbook and journal on personal goal setting; while maintaining the audacity to speak peace in the midst of the storm. Finish Strong opens the door for imminent wisdom and discernment on the nature of spiritual, emotional and relational battles and the key to victory. As you embark upon change, the messages herein will encourage you audience to shatter glass ceilings, and the iFinish Strong mentality will inspire you to kick down the door insecurity, and move into divine fatih.
Linguistically annotated corpora are becoming a central part of the corpus linguistics field. One of their main strengths is the level of searchability they offer, but with the annotation come problems of the initial complexity of queries and query tools. This book gives a full, pedagogic account of this burgeoning field. Beginning with an overview of corpus linguistics, its prerequisites and goals, the book then introduces linguistically annotated corpora. It explores the different levels of linguistic annotation, including morphological, parts of speech, syntactic, semantic and discourse-level, as well as advantages and challenges for such annotations. It covers the main annotated corpora for English, the Penn Treebank, the International Corpus of English, and OntoNotes, as well as a wide range of corpora for other languages. In its third part, search strategies required for different types of data are explored. All chapters are accompanied by exercises and by sections on further reading.
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