How are the Crusades portrayed in popular culture today? Have the medieval images of chivalric and military heroes survived the eras of Orientalism and decolonization? The first of its kind, this comparative study examines representations of the Crusades in both European and Arab medieval texts and in 20th and 21st century transmedia recreations. It follows the cartography and illuminated manuscripts of the Middle Ages through modern, hybridized narratives in novels, film, comics and gaming. The shifting literary tastes, political agendas and cultural exchanges of audiences on both sides of the Mediterranean reflect their anxieties and ideals.
Arch-mediator between the divine and the mundane, the angel is an enduring figure in the Western world. It has been interpreted as an externalization of repressed fantasies, a projection of the self as other, and a metaphor for modern estrangement. This book is the first comparative study of sacred medieval images of angels and their cinematic treatment, including reference to both the medieval and modern imaginations. The text traces the traditional functions of angels and their reworking in film, then takes particular note of new icons like the female angel and others who become models for our connection with transcendence.
The aim of this work is to provide insight into the process of employee recovery and well-being in regard to work-related ICT use during after-hours. Therefore, we discuss (1) theories that help us to understand the determinants and outcomes of this behavior, (2) our core concepts recovery and well-being, and (3) previous empirical findings on ICT use after hours for work purposes. On the basis of literature review, we propose a new conceptual overall framework of ICT use after hours for work purposes with the focus on employee recovery and well-being processes. Thereby, we posit ICT use after hours for work purposes as potential stressor, resource, or demand (see action theory by Hacker, 1998, 2003; Frese and Zapf 1994), depending on many personal and environmental factors, but primarily on cognitive appraisals (see transactional model of stress by Lazarus and Folkman 1984). This three-way division enables us to propose various linear and non-linear associations to focused outcomes. We conclude with an overall discussion on further research concerning the identified research gaps.
Arch-mediator between the divine and the mundane, the angel is an enduring figure in the Western world. It has been interpreted as an externalization of repressed fantasies, a projection of the self as other, and a metaphor for modern estrangement. This book is the first comparative study of sacred medieval images of angels and their cinematic treatment, including reference to both the medieval and modern imaginations. The text traces the traditional functions of angels and their reworking in film, then takes particular note of new icons like the female angel and others who become models for our connection with transcendence.
How are the Crusades portrayed in popular culture today? Have the medieval images of chivalric and military heroes survived the eras of Orientalism and decolonization? The first of its kind, this comparative study examines representations of the Crusades in both European and Arab medieval texts and in 20th and 21st century transmedia recreations. It follows the cartography and illuminated manuscripts of the Middle Ages through modern, hybridized narratives in novels, film, comics and gaming. The shifting literary tastes, political agendas and cultural exchanges of audiences on both sides of the Mediterranean reflect their anxieties and ideals.
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