This report examines the risks to Australin non-profit sector of money laundering and terrorism financing and describes the regulatory changes that could minimise risk. The report uses information derived from government, non-government and peer reviewed literature, case law and regulatory reports, observations made by representatives from non-profit sector, law enforcement and key regulatory agencies, and academia.
Environmental crime encompasses a wide range of activities and behaviours, from carelessness to deliberate acts, that result in environmental harm. This report provides a comprehensive overview of environmental crime as it is perpetrated, detected and dealt with in Australia.
Over the past 10-15 years, although the overall use of firearms in violent crime has declined, handguns have increasingly become the firearm of choice in both Australia and other English-speaking countries. Handguns are often used as a means of protection, particularly among people involved in gangs and the drugs market, and their concealable nature, high firepower and large calibre are often cited as features prompting their acquisition by the criminal community. This paper describes the use of handguns to commit lethal and non-lethal crime in Australia; and in light of recent legislative restrictions on handgun ownership and use, the legal status of handguns used in these crimes. Overall there appear to be low ownership rates among offenders in Australia. However, handguns currently account for around half of all firearm-related homicides and are distinguishable from other homicides, particularly with regard to location (non-residential), relationship between victim and offender (known but not related), and alleged motive (money or drugs). Handgun-perpetrated armed robberies are also found to be distinct from robberies committed with other weapons, with a higher proportion targeting organisations and netting greater monetary yields. The majority of handguns used in crime appear to be illegal. Available data suggest many are acquired from friends or family, and diversion, including theft from legal sources, may represent an important source of handguns (and other firearms) into the illegal market and their subsequent use in crime.
This report presents a profile of the Australian population experiencing incontinence and describes the sorts of data items recommended to improve the collection of incontinence data. Part A of the report (Incontinence in Australia) investigates the prevalence, experience and burden of incontinence in Australia and the related monetary costs and expenditure associated with the condition. Part B (Developing continence data standards) then focuses on the development and description of data items for inclusion in future continence data collections.
Theft represents one of most likely sources of firearms for the illicit market. Between 2004-05 and 2008-09, an average of 1,545 firearms were reported as stolen to Australian state and territory police. The National Firearm Theft Monitoring Program (NFTMP), which covered the period 2004-05 to 2008-09, was established at the Australian Institute of Criminology to compile more detailed information on the nature and characteristics of reported firearm theft events.
The National Firearm Theft Monitoring Program (NFTMP) was established at the Australian Institute of Criminology to monitor the number of firearms reported stolen in Australian states and territories and to examine the nature and characteristics of these thefts. This report represents the fourth in the NFTMP series and illustrates a consistency in the pattern of firearm thefts across Australia between 2004-05 and 2007-08. The total number of firearms reported stolen has remained below 2,000 during this period, with a noticeable increase occurring only in the most recent year. A total of 1,712 firearms, from 708 individual theft incidents, were reported stolen to police during 2007-08.
Stolen firearms represent a very real source of weapons for diversion into the illegitimate firearms market and hence, potential use in criminal activities. Over the past ten years, the Australian Government has introduced legislation regarding the prohibition of certain categories of firearms, trafficking of firearms, and the licensing, registration and storage of new firearms. Furthermore, the Australasian Police Ministers' Council identified the need for long-term monitoring of firearms theft in Australia. The National Firearms Theft Monitoring Program (NFTMP) was subsequently established at the Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC), funded by the Australian Government under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 for a period of four years, starting 1 July 2006. The purpose of the NFTMP is to provide relevant and timely information on the nature and characteristics of firearms theft occurring in Australia. This report represents the first in the NFTMP series, and builds on earlier AIC research on firearms theft. It provides information on all incidents of firearms theft reported to police in Australian states and territories for the period 1 July 2005 to 30 June 2006. The report examines the characteristics of stolen firearms, circumstances of the theft incident, modus operandi of offenders, storage arrangements and compliance with firearms laws and regulations, recovery of firearms, prosecution of offenders, and use of stolen forearms in subsequent illegal activities.
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