This comprehensive new resource focuses on applied electromagnetics and takes readers beyond the conventional theory with the use of contemporary mathematics to improve the practical use of electromagnetics in emerging areas of field communications, wireless power transfer, metamaterials, MIMO and direction-of-arrival systems. The book explores the existing and novel theories and principles of electromagnetics in order to help engineers analyze and design devices for today's applications in wireless power transfers, NFC, and metamaterials. This book is organized into clear and logical sections spanning from fundamental theory, to applications, promoting clear understanding through-out. This resource presents the theory of electromagnetic near fields including chapters on reactive energy, spatial and spectral theory, the scalar antenna, and the morphogenesis of electromagnetic radiation in the near field zone. The Antenna Current Green's Function Formalism is explored with an emphasis on the foundations, the organic interrelationships between the fundamental operational modes of general antenna systems, and the spectral approach to antenna-to-antenna interactions. The book offers perspective on nonlocal metamaterials, including the material response theory, the far-field theory, and the near-field theory.
This work aims to provide new introduction to the particle swarm optimization methods using a formal analogy with physical systems. By postulating that the swarm motion behaves similar to both classical and quantum particles, we establish a direct connection between what are usually assumed to be separate fields of study, optimization and physics. Within this framework, it becomes quite natural to derive the recently introduced quantum PSO algorithm from the Hamiltonian or the Lagrangian of the dynamical system. The physical theory of the PSO is used to suggest some improvements in the algorithm itself, like temperature acceleration techniques and the periodic boundary condition. At the end, we provide a panorama of applications demonstrating the power of the PSO, classical and quantum, in handling difficult engineering problems. The goal of this work is to provide a general multi-disciplinary view on various topics in physics, mathematics, and engineering by illustrating their interdependence within the unified framework of the swarm dynamics. Table of Contents: Introduction / The Classical Particle Swarm Optimization Method / Boundary Conditions for the PSO Method / The Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization / Bibliography /Index
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