An enduring icon of India, Rabindranath Tagore made extraordinary contributions as an artist, nationalist, educationist and philosopher. Deeply aware of the historical significance of his times, he built on the heritage of nineteenth-century Indian renaissance to become one of the makers of the modern Indian mind. In this first-of-its-kind intellectual biography, historian Sabyasachi Bhattacharya sketches a compelling portrait of a Tagore who was innately sceptical, self-critical and tormented by conflicts in his 'inner life'. He draws on letters, autobiographical accounts and literary works, some translated for the first time, to explore Tagore's chief dilemmas. He reveals how despite Tagore's apparently contradictory ideas on patriotism and international humanism, modernity and traditional practices, secularism and religious influence, there was a unified vision that tied together his diverse oeuvre. Thoroughly researched and evocatively written, Rabindranath Tagore: An Interpretation offers profound insights into Tagore's life and multiple influences that shaped his genius.
This revised edition of the book, first published in 1971, comprises an expanded introduction, that reviews recent research in this area, and a new imprint of the original text which has been edited afresh to slightly abbreviate some parts. The theme of this work may be summed up as the economic aspects of the theory and practice of the colonial state. The focus is upon the ideas and interests and contestations which went into the making of the policies of the Raj in the formative period following 1857, the years which saw the appointment of the first finance minister of India (then called the Finance Member), the introduction of the budget system and other innovations like the paper currency and income tax.
British histories in the nineteenth century were by and large monologues. From the turn of the century Indians began to 'talk back', questioning colonial assumptions and narratives of India's past. What was the point of this endeavour? What was said when the Indians began to talk back? What was the discourse of civilization all about? Sabyasachi Bhattacharya explores these questions and lays bare the various forms this rhetoric took: from the defence of Indian civilization to a tendency towards vainglorious depiction of 'Hindu civilization'; from asserting civilizational unity in the distant past to creating a surrogate for nationhood. Tracing the inception of this discourse in the works of R.G. Bhandarkar and Bankimchandra Chatterjee, this book explores the evolution of the idea of civilization in the writings of luminaries like Gandhi, Tagore, Vivekananda, and Nehru, as well as works of intellectuals, historians, linguists, and sociologists like M.G. Ranade, V.K. Rajwade, D.D. Kosambi, Sardar K.M. Panikkar, Nirmal Kumar Bose, and many present-day scholars.
This work explores some of the constitutive elements in the life and mind of Bengal in the twentieth century. The author addresses some frequently unasked questions about the history of modern Bengal. In what way was twentieth-century Bengal different from 'Renaissance' Bengal of the late-nineteenth century? How was a regional identity consciousness redefined? Did the lineaments of politics in Bengal differ from the pattern in the rest of India? What social experiences drove the Muslim community's identity perception? How did Bengal cope with such crises as the impact of World War II, the famine of 1943 and the communal clashes that climaxed with the Calcutta riots of 1946? The author has chosen a significant period in the history of the region and draws on a wealth of sources archival and published documents, mainstream dailies, a host of rare Bengali magazines, memoirs and the literature of the time to tell his story. Looking closely at the momentous changes taking place in the region's economy, politics and socio-cultural milieu in the historically transformative years 1920-47, this book highlights myriad issues that cast a shadow on the decades that followed, arguably till our times.
The archives are generally sites where historians conduct research into our past. Seldom are they objects of research. Sabyasachi Bhattacharya traces the path that led to the creation of a central archive in India, from the setting up of the Imperial Record Department, the precursor of the National Archives of India, and the Indian Historical Records Commission, to the framing of archival policies and the change in those policies over the years. In the last two decades of colonial rule in India, there were anticipations of freedom in many areas of the public sphere. These were felt in the domain of archiving as well, chiefly in the form of reversal of earlier policies. From this perspective, Bhattacharya explores the relation between knowledge and power and discusses how the World Wars and the decline of Britain, among other factors, effected a transition from a Eurocentric and disparaging approach to India towards a more liberal and less ethnocentric one.
This volume, in honour of Sabyasachi Bhattacharya, brings together a set of essays that highlight some of the major transformations in the field of labour history today. The present juncture is one in which the geographical boundaries of the discipline, which were narrowly configured around the nation-state, are being challenged; and the analytical category of labour, for long identified with the industrial, unionized and male worker, has been stretched to include hitherto marginalized, informal workers. The shift away from Eurocentric comparisons in recent years has meant a questioning of the spatial, temporal and relational binaries that were dominant in the writing of labour history earlier. By focusing on sites, forms and relations of labour that habitually cut across the classical divides of labour history, the essays explore connections between events and processes across time and space. They demonstrate that global history is not just history at a global scale, but a macro-view of historical processes of importance to human societies and their systematic analyses at all scales. Global history, the contributions in this volume show, can be solidly based on micro-historical studies, if these studies connect with the larger areas of inquiry. Marcel van der Linden is Research Director at the International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Prabhu P. Mohapatra is Associate Professor of History at the University of Delhi, India.
The archives are generally sites where historians conduct research into our past. Seldom are they objects of research. Sabyasachi Bhattacharya traces the path that led to the creation of a central archive in India, from the setting up of the Imperial Record Department, the precursor of the National Archives of India, and the Indian Historical Records Commission, to the framing of archival policies and the change in those policies over the years. In the last two decades of colonial rule in India, there were anticipations of freedom in many areas of the public sphere. These were felt in the domain of archiving as well, chiefly in the form of reversal of earlier policies. From this perspective, Bhattacharya explores the relation between knowledge and power and discusses how the World Wars and the decline of Britain, among other factors, effected a transition from a Eurocentric and disparaging approach to India towards a more liberal and less ethnocentric one.
This title highlights how the idea of civilisation formed one of the strong elements of the Indian nationalist discourse. It shows how, around the turn of 20th century, Indians began to 'talk back' and question the colonial assumptions in imagining and narrating India's past.
This revised edition of the book, first published in 1971, comprises an expanded introduction, that reviews recent research in this area, and a new imprint of the original text which has been edited afresh to slightly abbreviate some parts. The theme of this work may be summed up as the economic aspects of the theory and practice of the colonial state. The focus is upon the ideas and interests and contestations which went into the making of the policies of the Raj in the formative period following 1857, the years which saw the appointment of the first finance minister of India (then called the Finance Member), the introduction of the budget system and other innovations like the paper currency and income tax.
In what way was 20th century Bengal different from the late 19th century 'Renaissance' Bengal? How did a regional identity consciousness develop? What social experiences drove the Muslim community's identity consciousness? How did Bengal cope with crises like the inflation during World War II, and the famine of 1943, the communal riots, climaxed by the Calcutta riots of 1946? This book looks at these crises which cast a shadow on the decades that followed the period under study, 1920-1947.
This work explores some of the constitutive elements in the life and mind of Bengal in the twentieth century. The author addresses some frequently unasked questions about the history of modern Bengal. In what way was twentieth-century Bengal different from 'Renaissance' Bengal of the late-nineteenth century? How was a regional identity consciousness redefined? Did the lineaments of politics in Bengal differ from the pattern in the rest of India? What social experiences drove the Muslim community's identity perception? How did Bengal cope with such crises as the impact of World War II, the famine of 1943 and the communal clashes that climaxed with the Calcutta riots of 1946? The author has chosen a significant period in the history of the region and draws on a wealth of sources archival and published documents, mainstream dailies, a host of rare Bengali magazines, memoirs and the literature of the time to tell his story. Looking closely at the momentous changes taking place in the region's economy, politics and socio-cultural milieu in the historically transformative years 1920-47, this book highlights myriad issues that cast a shadow on the decades that followed, arguably till our times.
A collection of seminar papers related to the theme of india s social, economic , political, cultural position at the turn of the century.It looks back upon india in the last century and provide a basis for the evaluation of that historical experience.
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