Software programs are formal entities with precise meanings independent of their programmers, so the transition from ideas to programs necessarily involves a formalisation at some point. The first part of this graduate-level introduction to formal methods develops an understanding of what constitutes formal methods and what their place is in Software Engineering. It also introduces logics as languages to describe reasoning and the process algebra CSP as a language to represent behaviours. The second part offers specification and testing methods for formal development of software, based on the modelling languages CASL and UML. The third part takes the reader into the application domains of normative documents, human machine interfaces, and security. Use of notations and formalisms is uniform throughout the book. Topics and features: Explains foundations, and introduces specification, verification, and testing methods Explores various application domains Presents realistic and practical examples, illustrating concepts Brings together contributions from highly experienced educators and researchers Offers modelling and analysis methods for formal development of software Suitable for graduate and undergraduate courses in software engineering, this uniquely practical textbook will also be of value to students in informatics, as well as to scientists and practical engineers, who want to learn about or work more effectively with formal theories and methods. Markus Roggenbach is a Professor in the Dept. of Computer Science of Swansea University. Antonio Cerone is an Associate Professor in the Dept. of Computer Science of Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan. Bernd-Holger Schlingloff is a Professor in the Institut für Informatik of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Gerardo Schneider is a Professor in the Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering of University of Gothenburg. Siraj Ahmed Shaikh is a Professor in the Institute for Future Transport and Cities of Coventry University. The companion site for the book offers additional resources, including further material for selected chapters, prepared lab classes, a list of errata, slides and teaching material, and virtual machines with preinstalled tools and resources for hands-on experience with examples from the book. The URL is: https://sefm-book.github.io
For more than three decades, preeminent scholars in comparative literature and postcolonial studies have called for a return to philology as the indispensable basis of critical method in the humanities. Against such calls, this book argues that the privilege philology has always enjoyed within the modern humanities silently reinforces a colonial hierarchy. In fact, each of philology's foundational innovations originally served British rule in India. Tracing an unacknowledged history that extends from British Orientalist Sir William Jones to Palestinian American intellectual Edward Said and beyond, Archaeology of Babel excavates the epistemic transformation that was engendered on a global scale by the colonial reconstruction of native languages, literatures, and law. In the process, it reveals the extent to which even postcolonial studies and European philosophy—not to mention discourses as disparate as Islamic fundamentalism, Hindu nationalism, and global environmentalism—are the progeny of colonial rule. Going further, it unearths the alternate concepts of language and literature that were lost along the way and issues its own call for humanists to reckon with the politics of the philological practices to which they now return.
In the contemporary world, wind energy is emerging as one of the most viable alternatives to meet the challenge of increasing energy demand, particularly for electrical energy generation. It is clean, fuel-free and available almost in every country in the world and in abundance in off-shore. This book, now in its Second Edition, covers most of the essential engineering principles, theories and best practices for wind energy development for electricity generation with clear emphasis on state-of-the-art. In this edition, substantial addition has been made in the chapters on Aerodynamics, Siting, Wind Farm Design, and Wind Energy Economics. This comprehensive book on wind energy is intended as a text for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of Mechanical/Electrical Engineering and students pursuing Energy Studies. It will also serve as a handbook and ready reference for practicing engineers and professionals in the field of wind energy. KEY FEATURES : Describes technological advances in wind energy. Deals with wind resource assessment methodology, instrumentation and advanced techniques. Discusses the concepts of aerodynamics for wind turbine blade and rotor. Provides in detail the design concepts for modern horizontal axis wind turbine. Covers layout design, micro-siting and modelling of wind farms. Analyzes the economics of wind energy projects for electricity generation. Focuses on the impact of wind energy on the environment.
In the contemporary world, wind energy is emerging as one of the most viable alternatives to meet the challenge of increasing energy demand, particularly for electrical energy generation. It is clean, fuel-free and available almost in every country in the world and in abundance in off-shore. This book, now in its Third Edition, covers most of the essential engineering principles, theories and best practices for wind energy development for electricity generation with clear emphasis on state-of-the-art. In this edition, recent developments in wind energy are covered. It includes sections on remote sensing application and re-powering. This comprehensive book on wind energy is intended as a text for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of Mechanical/Electrical Engineering and students pursuing Energy Studies. It will also serve as a handbook and ready reference for practicing engineers and professionals in the field of wind energy. KEY FEATURES Describes technological advances in wind energy. Deals with wind resource assessment methodology, instrumentation and advanced techniques. Discusses the concepts of aerodynamics for wind turbine blade and rotor. Provides in detail the design concepts for modern horizontal axis wind turbine. Covers layout design, micro-siting and modelling of wind farms. Analyzes the economics of wind energy projects for electricity generation. Focuses on the impact of wind energy on the environment.
Balochistan is Pakistan’s largest province rich with natural gas, gold and copper. Located on the borders of Iran and Afghanistan, land of the Balochs, where the first Baloch confederacy was founded in 1666, has had a bitter history of exploitation and suppression by a strictly centralized federal government heavily influenced by the country’s military. While the central government and the province confronted each other four times since the forceful annexation of the Baloch land into Pakistan in 1948, the ongoing movement entails more systematic and radical dimensions. Malik Siraj Akbar, editor of the The Baloch Hal, the first online English newspaper of Balochistan, takes a look at the last one decade how the dimensions of the Baloch movement changed. A Hubert Humphrey Fellow at Arizona State University’s Walter Cronkite School of Journalism, Malik reveals the “enforced disappearance” of hundreds of Baloch political workers and their brutal murder by the Pakistani security services under a “kill and dump” policy during detention in a phenomenon similar to Argentina’s Dirty War. The book analyzes growing state-sponsored radicalization in secular Balochistan. Malik is the most widely quoted journalist on Balochistan. He insists that the killing of former governor Nawab Akbar Bugti, 79, by Pervez Musharraf’s regime proved as the 9/11 of Pakistan’s relations with the resourceful province. The Balochistan question merits attention of the international community not only for a stable Pakistan but also to provide the world alternative options for a secular buffer state between Iran and Afghanistan if Pakistan falls in the hands of Islamists.
• More than 5700 Practice Qs with Explanations• 700 Most Recent Pattern/ New Qs added (New Feature)• Most Important Topics for Last Minute Revision• Fully Colored Layout with Special Features (Also Know, Must Know)• 200+Image-based questions with their Explanations• Latest Updates from Standard Textbooks• 4000 Additional Practice Qs in App (New Feature)
This pioneering work addresses Islamic property and land rights by drawing on a range of socio-historical, classical and contemporary debates. The authors consider the possibilities for inclusive and pro-poor approaches to land rights within Islamic legal and human rights systems.
The Novel Is One Of The Most Significant Works Of Modern Bengali Fiction. It Presents An Arresting Picture Of The Turmoil Going On In Bengali Muslim Society At The Closing End Of The Nineteenth Century. The Setting Is Rural North Bengal, Which The Author Knows Well.
Nuclear medicine is the bridge between a particular clinical problem and a relevant test using radionuclides. It began as a minor technical tool used in a few branches of medicine, notably endocrinology and nephrology. However, throughout the world it has now become established as a clinical discipline in its own right, with specific training programmes, special skills and a particular approach to patient management. Although the practising nuclear medicine physician must necessarily learn a great deal of basic science and technology, a sound medical training and a clinical approach to the subject remains of fundamental importance. It is for this reason that we have attempted in this book to approach the subject from a clinical standpoint, including where necessary relevant physiological material. There exist many excellent texts which cover the basic science and technology of nuclear medicine. We have, therefore, severely limited our coverage of these aspects of the subject to matters which we felt to be essential, particularly those which have been less well covered in other texts - for example, the contents of Chapter 21 on Quantitation by Royal and McNeil. Similarly, we have included at the end of some chapters descriptions of particular techniques where we and the authors felt that it would be helpful. In order to emphasize the clinical approach of this book we have inverted the traditional sequence of material in chapters, presenting the clinical problems first in each instance.
For more than three decades, preeminent scholars in comparative literature and postcolonial studies have called for a return to philology as the indispensable basis of critical method in the humanities. Against such calls, this book argues that the privilege philology has always enjoyed within the modern humanities silently reinforces a colonial hierarchy. In fact, each of philology's foundational innovations originally served British rule in India. Tracing an unacknowledged history that extends from British Orientalist Sir William Jones to Palestinian American intellectual Edward Said and beyond, Archaeology of Babel excavates the epistemic transformation that was engendered on a global scale by the colonial reconstruction of native languages, literatures, and law. In the process, it reveals the extent to which even postcolonial studies and European philosophy—not to mention discourses as disparate as Islamic fundamentalism, Hindu nationalism, and global environmentalism—are the progeny of colonial rule. Going further, it unearths the alternate concepts of language and literature that were lost along the way and issues its own call for humanists to reckon with the politics of the philological practices to which they now return.
In the contemporary world, wind energy is emerging as one of the most viable alternatives to meet the challenge of increasing energy demand, particularly for electrical energy generation. It is clean, fuel-free and available almost in every country in the world and in abundance in off-shore. This book, now in its Third Edition, covers most of the essential engineering principles, theories and best practices for wind energy development for electricity generation with clear emphasis on state-of-the-art. In this edition, recent developments in wind energy are covered. It includes sections on remote sensing application and re-powering. This comprehensive book on wind energy is intended as a text for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of Mechanical/Electrical Engineering and students pursuing Energy Studies. It will also serve as a handbook and ready reference for practicing engineers and professionals in the field of wind energy. KEY FEATURES Describes technological advances in wind energy. Deals with wind resource assessment methodology, instrumentation and advanced techniques. Discusses the concepts of aerodynamics for wind turbine blade and rotor. Provides in detail the design concepts for modern horizontal axis wind turbine. Covers layout design, micro-siting and modelling of wind farms. Analyzes the economics of wind energy projects for electricity generation. Focuses on the impact of wind energy on the environment.
This book targets one of the humanities' most widely held premises: namely, that the European Enlightenment laid the groundwork for modern imperialism. It argues instead that the Enlightenment's vision of empire calls our own historical and theoretical paradigms into question. While eighteenth-century British India has not received nearly the same attention as nineteenth- and twentieth-century empires, it is the place where colonial rule and Enlightenment reason first became entwined. The Stillbirth of Capital makes its case by examining every work about British India written by a major author from 1670 to 1815, a period that coincides not only with the Enlightenment but also with the institution of a global economy. In contrast to both Marxist and liberal scholars, figures such as Dryden, Defoe, Voltaire, Sterne, Smith, Bentham, Burke, Sheridan, and Scott locate modernity's roots not in the birth of capital but rather in the collusion of sovereign power and monopoly commerce, which used Indian Ocean wealth to finance the unfathomable costs of modern war. Ahmed reveals the pertinence of eighteenth-century writing to our own moment of danger, when the military alliance of hegemonic states and private corporations has become even more far-reaching than it was in centuries past.
This textbook is designed to serve as a text for undergraduate students of mechanical engineering. It covers fundamental principles, design methodologies and applications of machine elements. It helps students to learn to analyse and design basic machine elements in mechanical systems. Beginning with the basic concepts, the book discusses wide range of topics in design of mechanical elements. The emphasis is on the underlying concepts of design procedures. The inclusion of machine tool design makes the book very useful for the students of production engineering. Students will learn to design different types of elements used in the machine design process such as fasteners, shafts, couplings, etc. and will be able to design these elements for each application. Following a simple and easy to understand approach, the text contains: • Variety of illustrated design problems in detail • Step by step design procedures of different machine elements • Large number of machine design data Audience Undergraduate students of Mechanical Engineering.
Software programs are formal entities with precise meanings independent of their programmers, so the transition from ideas to programs necessarily involves a formalisation at some point. The first part of this graduate-level introduction to formal methods develops an understanding of what constitutes formal methods and what their place is in Software Engineering. It also introduces logics as languages to describe reasoning and the process algebra CSP as a language to represent behaviours. The second part offers specification and testing methods for formal development of software, based on the modelling languages CASL and UML. The third part takes the reader into the application domains of normative documents, human machine interfaces, and security. Use of notations and formalisms is uniform throughout the book. Topics and features: Explains foundations, and introduces specification, verification, and testing methods Explores various application domains Presents realistic and practical examples, illustrating concepts Brings together contributions from highly experienced educators and researchers Offers modelling and analysis methods for formal development of software Suitable for graduate and undergraduate courses in software engineering, this uniquely practical textbook will also be of value to students in informatics, as well as to scientists and practical engineers, who want to learn about or work more effectively with formal theories and methods. Markus Roggenbach is a Professor in the Dept. of Computer Science of Swansea University. Antonio Cerone is an Associate Professor in the Dept. of Computer Science of Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan. Bernd-Holger Schlingloff is a Professor in the Institut für Informatik of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Gerardo Schneider is a Professor in the Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering of University of Gothenburg. Siraj Ahmed Shaikh is a Professor in the Institute for Future Transport and Cities of Coventry University. The companion site for the book offers additional resources, including further material for selected chapters, prepared lab classes, a list of errata, slides and teaching material, and virtual machines with preinstalled tools and resources for hands-on experience with examples from the book. The URL is: https://sefm-book.github.io
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