Many historians have concerned themselves with the founding of the German Empire in 1871 and the means used to unite the disparate sections of Germany, many of which had older traditions than did Bismarck's Prussia. Understandably writers have given more attention to the victor than to the vanquished. Except for polemicists who seek to prove the wrong done or to vindicate the action taken, scholars have been interested in writing about trends which were to become significant in the new Reich, about the new governmental structure itself, and about the diplomacy and statesmanship which were used to form the new German nation-state. But the consolidation of many diverging strands of political, economic, and social traditions in the new state left many issues unsolved and in fact seemed to create new ones. Many of these problems, while not overtly affecting the basic outline of German history, have nonetheless influenced it and have become at times serious matters of concern for the Reich Chancellor. One of the problems was the threat of particularist sentiment to the national unity which Bismarck was trying to create. Although there was an awareness among some nineteenth century Ger mans of a specific German nationality, the majority of people did not think in terms of a German unity but regarded themselves as Bavarians, Saxons, or belonging to some other Stamm, or tribal subdivision of the Germans.
The last person young Josh expects to visit him on Christmas Eve is an orphaned shepherd boy who mysteriously appears in his bedroom who tells Josh about the best story ever—the very first Christmas! The young shepherd weaves a fascinating story about the glory of the angels who announced Jesus' birth and the poor shepherds and street people who went to see the Savior in a cavelike stable. But the wondrous story of Christmas dissolves the next morning when Josh finds himself hopelessly lost in a blizzard. Amazingly, a little plastic dinosaur, the only present Josh got last year for Christmas, helps rescue him.
Noah Gordon, youngest son of Scottish Earl Hugh Gordon, immigrated to America in the 1800’s seeking a new life. He found romance, adventure, and hardship, and his strength of character steered the course for his family through the decades. That spirit led great-granddaughter Thelma and her husband, H.E. Wyatt to leave Arkansas for Nebraska during the 1930’s Depression. With five children to feed and clothe, H.E. worked at corn shucking and odd jobs for the farmers around Lisco, Nebraska; anything he could get to make a dollar. F.D.R’s election and subsequent programs for the poor lifted them from poverty, and life improved. The older girls grew up and moved to California, finally enticing their parents to follow. With H.E.’s well-paying job, the Wyatts purchased their first home. Life flowed along after the Second World War ended, and Norma and Faye moved back to Nebraska with their husbands and children. The 1949 blizzard hit the state shortly after the family’s return. The massive storm hammered the ranching community, where 1000’s of livestock died. Rural residents were stranded in their homes, and the Army moved in to open roads and restore power. Part 2 consists of letters from James, the Wyatt’s only son. He journalized his Korean War experiences daily. After months of heavy combat he was discharged without a scratch, and nothing prepared the family for his death from leukemia several years later. The epilogue sums up the family history, and the dream the prefaced Thelma’s death at 95.
A fascinating study of midshipmen and other "young gentlemen", outlining their social background, career paths and what life was like for them. Officer recruits - "young gentlemen" - entered the Royal Navy with dreams of fame, fortune and glory, but many found promotion difficult, with a large number unable to progress beyond lieutenant. Recent scholarship has argued thatduring the wars of 1793-1815 there was greater social diversity among naval officers, with promotion increasingly related to professional competence. This book, based on extensive original research, examines the social backgroundof around 4,000 "young gentlemen" a term which includes midshipmen and various other categories, including captains' servants, volunteers and masters' mates. It concludes that in fact high birth became an increasingly important factor in the selection of officer candidates, and that as the Admiralty grip on the appointment and management of officer aspirants increased, especially after 1815, aristocratic presence in the ranks of young officers increased significantly as a result of deliberate Admiralty policy. The book also discusses the assertion that the increase in elite sons led to a dramatic increase in cases of indiscipline and insubordination, concluding that although therewas a marked increase in courts martial for insubordination during and after the French Wars there is no evidence that such cases related more to the elites than to young aspirants in general". The book includes many case study examples of midshipmen and other "young gentlemen", illustrating what life was like for them and how they themselves viewed their situation. S.A. CAVELL is a graduate of the Queensland University of Technology and Louisiana State University and completed her doctorate at the University of Exeter.
Tawney Grey lost her parents as a young girl. She wanted to make a difference and thought the best way to do that was to become a police officer. These are her stories.
The conquest of Egypt by Islamic armies under the command of Amr ibn al-As in the seventh century transformed medieval Egyptian society. Seeking to uncover the broader cultural changes of the period by drawing on a wide array of literary and documentary sources, Maged Mikhail stresses the cultural and institutional developments that punctuated the histories of Christians and Muslims in the province under early Islamic rule. From Byzantine to Islamic Egypt traces how the largely agrarian Egyptian society responded to the influx of Arabic and Islam, the means by which the Coptic Church constructed its sectarian identity, the Islamisation of the administrative classes and how these factors converged to create a new medieval society. The result is a fascinating and essential study for scholars of Byzantine and early Islamic Egypt.
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