Today, the tide has turned so strongly in favour of renewables that for the first time since the dawn of the fossil fuel era over two hundred years ago renewable energy technologies have started attracting more investment globally than that in the fossil fuel-based technologies. This text provides a comprehensive and wide ranging introduction to various renewable energy technologies and their applications, such as solar, wind, biomass, biogas, wave, geothermal, tidal and small hydel. It provides a thorough understanding of the basic energy conversion processes taking place in various renewable energy-based equipment like heat engines, photovoltaics, wind turbines, windmills, wave machines, and so on. The text also deals with the impact of renewable energy sources on global warming and pollution. The book is intended for courses in Environmental Sciences, Environmental/Electrical/Mechanical Engineering and Energy Studies at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It will also serve as a useful reference for scientists, technocrats and environmentalists.
Part 1: Water Quality Indices Based Predominantly on Physico-chemical characteristics -- Part 2: Water Quality Indices Based on Bioassessment -- Part 3: Looking Back, Looking Ahead.
This book underscores the re-emergence of the ozone hole problem and deals with it in its current context of exacerbating global warming. It traces the history of the ozone hole from the stage of formation of the stratospheric ozone ‘layer’, millions of years ago, into the late 20th century when the anthropogenic destruction of that ozone was discovered. The chapters are written to bring the the reader up to the present day. Factors that influence stratospheric ozone are discussed and the ways to halt ozone depletion are cataloged. And more complex interrelationships are being discovered between ozone depletion and two other global concerns: climate change and ocean acidification. This book sheds light on the intricacy of the situation and its portants. The book will be useful to students and researchers looking for a current overview of the ozone hole problem. div
Contents: India s most Harmful Pollutant, The Minamata Story, Flowers, Wetlands: Treasure Troves Facing Extinction, Urban Forests, The Weeds of Despair and Hope, The Most Important Animal on Earth?, Tropical Rain Forests, Status of Environmental Education in the Indian Universities: A Likely Third World Pattern, Ecology Education: Some New Perspectives, Forecasting OPEC Oil Price Hikes- Diagnosing Failure and Examining Criteria for the Future, The State of India s Environment A Quick Look, Water: Very Special very Precious, Environmentally Benign Generation of Energy from Aquatic Biomass, Trace Metals in Freshwater Ecosystems, Baptism by Fire, How I Wrote Environmental Impact of Water Resources Projects.
This book, by a former Chief Justice of Pakistan, examines each and every aspect of Islamic jurisprudence connected with the question of apostasy in a detailed manner. The post-9/11 'war on terror' has underscored the crucial importance of understanding the issue distinctly in its religious and political contexts. Hence, this study should be of interest to legislators, judges, members of the legal profession, Islamic educational institutions as well as intelligent lay readers.S.A. Rahman (1903-1979) did his MA from University of Punjab, BA Hons from Oxford University and PhD in Law from Cairo. He entered ICS (Indian Civil Service) in 1928 and after the partition served in various capacities in Pakistan. He was Vice Chancellor of the University of the Punjab from 1950-1952. He retired as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan in 1969. He authored a number of Urdu books, among them Tarjuman-i-Asrar (versified Urdu translation of Iqbal's Asrar-i-Khudi) and Safar, a collection of Urdu poems.
Study of the second largest but least well-known ethnic group in Afghanistan that also confronts the taboo subject of Afghan national identity. Largely Farsi-speaking Shi'ias, the Hazaras traditionally inhabited central Afghanistan, but because of the war are now widely scattered.
“Mangalyaan was launched on November 5, 2013, to Mars by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). On October 2, 2022, ISRO declared that Mangalyaan had lost communications with Earth. Mars Color Camera (MCC) on-board Mangalyaan has taken thousands pictures of Mars. A full disk of Mars image observed by Viking is shown on the cover page of this book. Mars is covered by the dust as observed by Mangalyaan (from Arya et al., 2015). This book presents the atmospheric and ionospheric results obtained from all missions to Mars. It also covers various atmospheric and ionospheric models of Mars. Broadly speaking, the planet’s atmosphere can be divided into two regions: lower and upper. These two regions can be coupled due to the propagation of energy from the lower to the upper atmosphere. The first-ever book on the aeronomy of Mars, this work is intended to help students and researchers familiarize themselves with the field of aeronomy. In addition, it helps planetary probe designers, engineers, and other users in the scientific community, e.g., planetary geologists and geophysicists”.
Prosopis (Prosopis juliflora) is a xerophyte which, in its native habitats has been a desert plant. As long as it was confined to that habitat, P. juliflora was a great resource, improving the region's micrometeorology, binding its sandy soil, and providing shelter, fuel, feed, food, medicines, and cosmetics to the people of such regions. In particular, for the economically weaker inhabitants, P.juliflora was a lifeline.But when P. juliflora was indiscriminately introduced in other regions of the world in a hope to derive similar benefits from it, things began to go awry. Indeed, among the invasive species of plants which are spreading at an alarming rate in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, P.juliflora is arguably the most hardy and resilient. It is growing so explosively that it even enters roads and homes, driving humans out of their dwellings. The resulting damage to biodiversity is enormous. This book highlights the dual role played so far by P. juliflora and itemizes the facets that make it a blessing in some contexts and a bane in other contexts.Authored by leading experts in the field, Prosopis juliflora: Attributes, Impact, Utilization is the first title of its kind to comprehensively discuss this hardy plant species. It will be an essential read for students, researchers and governmental agencies interested in plant biology, forestry, plant ecology, invasive plant species and environmental science. - Summarizes all the key information available on P. juliflora, from its origin and systematics to its future prospects - Discusses colonization, utilization and eradication - Authored by leading experts in the field with over 40 years of experience
This book covers water quality indices (WQI) in depth – it describes what purpose they serve, how they are generated, what are their strengths and weaknesses, and how to make the best use of them. It is a concise and unique guide to WQIs for chemists, chemical/environmental engineers and government officials. Whereas it is easy to express the quantity of water, it is very difficult to express its quality because a large number of variables determine the water quality. WQIs seek to resolve the difficulty by translating a set of a large number of variables to a one-digit or a two-digit numeral. They are essential in communicating the status of different water resources in terms of water quality and the impact of various factors on it to policy makers, service personnel, and the lay public. Further they are exceedingly useful in the monitoring and management of water quality. With the importance of water and water quality increasing exponentially, the importance of this topic is also set to increase enormously because only with the use of indices is it possible to assess, express, communicate, and monitor the overall quality of any water source. - Provides a concise guide to WQIs: their purpose and generation - Compares existing methods and WQIs and outlines strengths and weaknesses - Makes recommendations on how the indices should be used and under what circumstances they apply
Today, the tide has turned so strongly in favour of renewables that for the first time since the dawn of the fossil fuel era over two hundred years ago renewable energy technologies have started attracting more investment globally than that in the fossil fuel-based technologies. This text provides a comprehensive and wide ranging introduction to various renewable energy technologies and their applications, such as solar, wind, biomass, biogas, wave, geothermal, tidal and small hydel. It provides a thorough understanding of the basic energy conversion processes taking place in various renewable energy-based equipment like heat engines, photovoltaics, wind turbines, windmills, wave machines, and so on. The text also deals with the impact of renewable energy sources on global warming and pollution. The book is intended for courses in Environmental Sciences, Environmental/Electrical/Mechanical Engineering and Energy Studies at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It will also serve as a useful reference for scientists, technocrats and environmentalists.
The last book covering a part of this subject has come four years ago (Vymazal, J., and Kropfelova, L., 2008. Wastewater Treatment in Constructed Wetlands; Springer, New Yark) and the one prior to that six years ago (Crites R. W., Middlebrooks, E. O., and Reed, S. C., 2006, Natural Wastewater Treatment Systems; CRC Press, Boca Raton). Both are excellent treatises but neither covers systems based on 'nutrient film technique' even as it is in this segment that most spectacular advances are currently occurring. Moreover, the state-of-the-art in all systems has advanced significantly since these books came out. The proposed book would, therefore, be much more comprehensive as well as up-to-date. Covers a topic of very great contemporary relevance Will have a world-wide catchment First of its kind since several years It has a huge market waiting Written by authors with established track record Adds to the book's market appeal High on substance Its appeal will endure Written in a lucid, clear, and compact style Will please and satisfy the reader Supported by tables, graphs, half-tones and references Will enhance the book's visual appeal and user-friendliness
Contents: India s most Harmful Pollutant, The Minamata Story, Flowers, Wetlands: Treasure Troves Facing Extinction, Urban Forests, The Weeds of Despair and Hope, The Most Important Animal on Earth?, Tropical Rain Forests, Status of Environmental Education in the Indian Universities: A Likely Third World Pattern, Ecology Education: Some New Perspectives, Forecasting OPEC Oil Price Hikes- Diagnosing Failure and Examining Criteria for the Future, The State of India s Environment A Quick Look, Water: Very Special very Precious, Environmentally Benign Generation of Energy from Aquatic Biomass, Trace Metals in Freshwater Ecosystems, Baptism by Fire, How I Wrote Environmental Impact of Water Resources Projects.
Prosopis (Prosopis juliflora) is a xerophyte which, in its native habitats has been a desert plant. As long as it was confined to that habitat, P. juliflora was a great resource, improving the region's micrometeorology, binding its sandy soil, and providing shelter, fuel, feed, food, medicines, and cosmetics to the people of such regions. In particular, for the economically weaker inhabitants, P.juliflora was a lifeline.But when P. juliflora was indiscriminately introduced in other regions of the world in a hope to derive similar benefits from it, things began to go awry. Indeed, among the invasive species of plants which are spreading at an alarming rate in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, P.juliflora is arguably the most hardy and resilient. It is growing so explosively that it even enters roads and homes, driving humans out of their dwellings. The resulting damage to biodiversity is enormous. This book highlights the dual role played so far by P. juliflora and itemizes the facets that make it a blessing in some contexts and a bane in other contexts.Authored by leading experts in the field, Prosopis juliflora: Attributes, Impact, Utilization is the first title of its kind to comprehensively discuss this hardy plant species. It will be an essential read for students, researchers and governmental agencies interested in plant biology, forestry, plant ecology, invasive plant species and environmental science. - Summarizes all the key information available on P. juliflora, from its origin and systematics to its future prospects - Discusses colonization, utilization and eradication - Authored by leading experts in the field with over 40 years of experience
This book underscores the re-emergence of the ozone hole problem and deals with it in its current context of exacerbating global warming. It traces the history of the ozone hole from the stage of formation of the stratospheric ozone ‘layer’, millions of years ago, into the late 20th century when the anthropogenic destruction of that ozone was discovered. The chapters are written to bring the the reader up to the present day. Factors that influence stratospheric ozone are discussed and the ways to halt ozone depletion are cataloged. And more complex interrelationships are being discovered between ozone depletion and two other global concerns: climate change and ocean acidification. This book sheds light on the intricacy of the situation and its portants. The book will be useful to students and researchers looking for a current overview of the ozone hole problem. div
An integration of the fascinating stream of computers with an equally fascinating domain of environmental studies has given birth to the new branch of science we call, Computer-aided Environmental Management (CAEM). This book provides us with glimpses of the power CAEM can wield. It gives us insights into the innumerable ways in which CAEM can solve intricate practical problems of environmental pollution in a sophisticated yet inexpensive manner. Contents: COBAS: Cost Benefit Analysis of Anaerobic Digester Systems, Water Quality Modelling: Approaches to Water Pollution Forecasting and Management, Modelling of Buckingham Canal Water Quality, Modelling and Simulation of Heavy Gas Dispersion on the Basis of Modification in Plume Path Theory, Case Study: Modelling and Simulation of Heavy Gases Released by Petrochemical Industries, HAZDIG: A new Software Package for Assessing Accidental Release and Dispersion Characteristics, Attenuation of Gaseous Pollutants by Greenbelts, TORAP A New Tool for Conducting Rapid Risk Assessment in Petroleum Refineries and Petrochemical Industries, Case Study: Application of a New Computer Automated Tool TORAP in Conducting Risk Assessment of a Petrochemical Industry, Models for Domino Effect Analysis in Chemical Process Industries, Studies on the Probabilities are Likely Impacts of Chains of Accident (Domino Effect) in a Fertilizer Industry.
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