The early Buddhist architectural vocabulary, being the first of its kind, maintained its monopoly for about half a millennium, beginning from the third century BCE. To begin with, it was oral, not written. The Jain, Hindu, and other Indian sectarian builders later developed their vocabulary on this foundation, though not identically. This book attempts to understand this vocabulary and the artisans who first made use of it. Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Bhutan)
This is the first account in English of how Islamic religious orders dating back to Ottoman times have risen to dominate and define the future of Turkey, Europe’s awkward neighbour and the major power in the Eastern Mediterranean. Given its determined programme of secularising the people both under and after the Atatürk regime, Turkey is often projected as a model for the compatibility of Islam with parliamentary democracy. In this absorbing book, journalist and writer David S. Tonge reveals the limitations of that secularisation, and its progressive reversal, in what continues to be a profoundly religious country. He describes how Muslim Turks’ religious identity has been taken over by branches of one of Islam’s great religious orders, the Naqshbandis, whose profoundly anti-Western ethos was honed by British and French colonial incursions into the heartland of their faith. Tonge’s history offers a salutary alternative to the wishful narrative developed by Western chancelleries during the Cold War, one which viewed Turkey as a westernising democracy. The revival of both Turkish nationalism and Islam helped President Erdoğan’s rise to power, and will shape the regime that succeeds him—illuminating and understanding Turkey’s realities of faith and religious politics has never been more important.
Thar Desert in India is one of the most well-investigated and densely populated regions amongst the world arid zones. A blend of crop and animal husbandries, conservative land use practices, coping mechanisms to minimize adverse effect of drought and a frugal lifestyle have been the characteristic features of its dwellers. Recent increase in biotic pressure has interacted with the fragile environment to create fearsome environmental problems. Governmental responses were prompt in form creating a strong research infrastructure for multi-disciplinary and multi-location research and demonstration on the one hand and in huge investment in irrigation from internally and externally sourced water, desertification control program and an accelerated socio-economic and infrastructure development, softening content of drought and strengthening of livelihoods on the other. Unlike several publications on the Thar, the current effort attempts a comprehensive, pragmatic and off-beat analysis of various developments and goes further to show how the situation today is a blend of both resource degradation and economic development. Recent studies have helped rebuild the past climate history that shows that the climate has been fluctuating during the geological history but reports suggest also that current anthropogenic global warming makes the desert more vulnerable in near future. An attempt has been made also to peep into the future of the Thar.
In the earlier part of the last century, the princely state of Mysore and the University of Mysore bore witness to some truly remarkable personalities. These stalwarts and their lasting contributions left behind a lasting legacy on the intellectual landscape of Mysore and India on the whole. While there were many in their ilk, the author of this work began focusing on those who were primarily associated with the University, to begin with. These biographical pieces were written as feature articles in the ‘Star of Mysore’ newspaper. V. Seetharamaiah, T. V. Venkatachala Sastry, M. Hiriyanna, M. H. Krishna, S. Srikanta Sastri and Brijendranath Seal are among those featured here. These articles were well received by the reading public in Mysore. Incidentally, it was the centenarian lexicographer and litterateur G. Venkatasubbiah who suggested that these sketches be collected in one place as a book. This book is the realisation of such a dream. More than just a chronicle of academicians and writers, this book serves to encapsulate a glorious era in Mysore’s history, where genuine merit, scholarship and integrity meant more than base notions of caste, corruption and nepotism. A glimpse into those times only serves to highlight, rather disappointingly, the slow but inevitable demise of meritocracy in our social polity today
Study of communist political leadership and the economic development of China from 1949 to 1969 - covers the evolution of the communist political party, reproduces the text of the party constitution of 1969, and examines political problems, social reforms, revolutionary and counter-revolutionary social movements, national planning, economic policy, the role of USSR in providing economic aid, industrial development, rural development, education, etc. References and statistical tables.
The early Buddhist architectural vocabulary, being the first of its kind, maintained its monopoly for about half a millennium, beginning from the third century BCE. To begin with, it was oral, not written. The Jain, Hindu, and other Indian sectarian builders later developed their vocabulary on this foundation, though not identically. An attempt is made here to understand this vocabulary and the artisans who first made use of it.
One of the foremost communities to have paid serious attention to death are the Jainas of India. Indeed, their preoccupation with it has been so intense that without understanding their philosophy of death, it is almost impossible to make out their notion of life. While commending death, however, they caution against throwing away life in a cavalier manner. They emphatically oppose suicide--a death-recourse prompted by emotion (raga) and violence (himsa)--and condemn it as a spiritual crime, a cowardly act resorted to by the immature and the ignorant. Jainism recognizes forty-eight types of deaths, grouped under three major heads called bala-marana (foolish death), pandita-marana (wise-death), and pandita-pandita-marana (the wisest of wise death). For them, sallekhana is an art of morti cation, which is completed without hurting the soul or harming the mind. The Jainas did not consider death a subject of intellectual exercise; they held it as a force that permeates the social, religious and philosophical sinews of life. The codifed rules of the art of inviting death, descriptive accounts of Puranic and historical personalities who embraced it, and an interesting body of epigraphical and archaeological remains, provide a rich corpus of information on those who voluntarily terminated their lives. Inviting Death presents this history spread over a millennium and half, on the Samadhibetta or the Sepulchral Hill at Sravana Belgola, the foremost of the Digambara Jaina centres in the world.
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