Molecular Methods in Plant Pathology covers methods in phytopathology at the molecular level, including PCR techniques, electron microscopy, tissue culturing, and the cloning of disease-resistant genes. Phytopathologists, botanists, horticulturists, and anyone working in agriculture will find this a useful reference on biophysical, biochemical, biomolecular, and biotechnological methods.
This well-established book on injury biomechanics has been extensively revised and expanded for this new edition. It now includes a fundamental treatment of the mechanics at a cellular level, written by the new coauthor Prof. Barclay Morrison III from Columbia University. Furthermore, considerably more attention is paid to computer modeling, and in particular modeling the human body. The book addresses a wide range of topics in injury biomechanics, including anatomy, injury classification, injury mechanisms, and injury criteria. Further, it provides essential information on regional injury reference values, or injury criteria, that are either currently in use or proposed by both US and European communities. Although the book is intended as an introduction for doctors and engineers who are newcomers to the field of injury biomechanics, sufficient references are provided for those who wish to conduct further research, and even established researchers will find it useful as a reference guide to the biomechanical background of each proposed injury mechanism and injury criterion.
A detailed, up-to-date review of transition metal-containing polymers Promising advances in the electrical, optical, magnetic, biological, and catalytic properties that metal-containing polymers possess have led to notable expansion in the field of transition metal-containing polymers. Frontiers in Transition Metal-Containing Polymers provides a comprehensive, up-to-date review of the synthesis, properties, and applications of transition metal-containing polymers, including an overview of the historical development of these types of polymers. Written by the leading researchers in the field, this thorough volume covers the routes to organometallic and coordination polymers, as well as characterization and applications of transition metal-containing monomers and polymers. Other topics discussed include: Metallo-supramolecular coordination polymers based on nitrogen ligands Coordination polymers based on phosphorus ligands Polypeptide-based metallobiopolymers and DNA-based metallopolymers Metallodendrimers Self-assembly of metal-containing block copolymers Applications including drug delivery, optics, molecular devices, sensors, conductive materials, and more
Written by two leaders in the field of pediatric dermatology, this classic text provides both detailed content for the specialist and easily accessible information for the non-dermatologist and less experienced clinician. Paller and Mancini – Hurwitz Clinical Pediatric Dermatology, 6th Edition, comprehensively covers the full range of skin disorders in children, offering authoritative, practical guidance on diagnosis and treatment in a single volume. This award-winning, evidence-based text has been fully revised and updated, and is an essential resource for anyone who sees children with skin disorders. Features new content outline boxes for faster navigation, hundreds more clinical images, and authors’ tips for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric skin diseases. Contains updated, evidence-based guidance and the latest drug developments and disease classifications. Provides a careful balance of narrative text, useful tables, and 1,300 high-quality clinical photographs, helping you recognize virtually any skin condition you’re likely to see. Includes a greatly expanded discussion of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis and new therapeutic approaches for treating genetic disorders and systemic diseases such as ichthyoses and rheumatologic disorders. Discusses new tests for subclassifying disease, such as the myositis-specific antibodies of juvenile dermatomyositis, genotyping, and immunophenotypes of inflammatory skin disorders. Contains new and updated tables on psoriasis co-morbidities, genetic syndrome classifications, acne therapies, pediatric histiocytoses, PHACE syndrome criteria, HSV therapies and juvenile dermatomyositis. Features updated sections on infections, exanthems, vascular disorders, dermatoses and genodermatoses. Discusses hot topics such as the use of stem cell and cell therapy, as well as recombinant protein, for treating epidermolysis bullosa; the resurgence of measles; congenital Zika virus infections; and much more.
There are scores of excellent books and monographs dealing with the different aspects of rice, an important crop of India. However, no books are available dealing with the theme of the present book. Incidence of molds and mycotoxins on stored grains is a neglected area when compared to other-aspects of crops. It did not receive the attention as it deserved. The present book: Moulds and Mycotoxins of Paddy: Incidence, Impact and Management is an authoritative and research based book on the subject. It is the outcome of extensive research work carried out by the authors over the past few years. It primarily deals with the extent of incidence of molds and mycotoxins and their impact on quality of rice and management practices to be adopted in Andhra Pradesh. Special emphasis is given to territrem B mycotoxin incidence and its biological effects. Efforts are made to devise suitable preventive and control measures of paddy moulds and mycotoxins. Information embodied in this book will be useful to researchers working in this area, policy – makers, agriculture scientists, extension workers, ware-house managers, farmers and also consumers.
From Russia and Hungary to the United States and Canada, including Britain, France, and Germany, courts are increasingly recognised as political institutions that are important players in political systems. In addition, transnational courts such as the European Court of Justice and European Court of Human Rights are extending their reach and affecting more than ever the politics of member states. The book contains essays written by scholars of law and political science exploring in interdisciplinary fashion the relationship between law and politics in cross-national perspective, focusing principally on contemporary Europe.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of oil spill remediation from the perspectives of policy makers, scientists, and engineers, generally focusing on colloid chemistry phenomena and solutions involved in oil spills and their cleanup. • First book to address oil spill remediation from the perspective of physicochemical and colloidal science • Discusses current and emerging detergents used in clean-ups • Includes chapters from leading scientists, researchers, engineers, and policy makers • Presents new insights into the possible impact of oil spills on ecosystems as well as preventive measures
A new global focus, new editorial team, and new content make Principles and Practice of Gynecologic Oncology, 7th Edition an invaluable resource for practitioners, researchers, and students who need an authoritative reference for understanding and treating gynecologic cancers. This edition maintains the practical, multidisciplinary approach that encompasses surgery, medical oncology, radiation oncology, and pathology, reflecting the many recent advances in each area.
Accessible, concise, and clinically focused, Essentials of Pain Medicine, 4th Edition, by Drs. Honorio T. Benzon, Srinivasa N. Raja, Scott M. Fishman, Spencer S. Liu, and Steven P. Cohen, presents a complete, full-color overview of today’s theory and practice of pain medicine and regional anesthesia. It provides practical guidance on the full range of today’s pharmacologic, interventional, neuromodulative, physiotherapeutic, and psychological management options for the evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation of persons in pain. Covers all you need to know to stay up to date in practice and excel at examinations – everything from basic considerations through local anesthetics, nerve block techniques, acupuncture, cancer pain, and much more. Uses a practical, quick-reference format with short, easy-to-read chapters. Presents the management of pain for every setting where it is practiced, including the emergency room, the critical care unit, and the pain clinic. Features hundreds of diagrams, illustrations, summary charts and tables that clarify key information and injection techniques – now in full color for the first time. Includes the latest best management techniques, including joint injections, ultrasound-guided therapies, and new pharmacologic agents (such as topical analgesics). Discusses recent global developments regarding opioid induced hyperalgesia, addiction and substance abuse, neuromodulation and pain management, and identification of specific targets for molecular pain.
Today, more than ever before, there is considerable concern about the deterioration of the environment arising from environmental pollution — water, air, noise, radiation and others. For, such pollution has a huge adverse impact on human health, and the hazards it poses are too numerous. There is also a felt-need for environmental protection and management and effective implementation of environmental laws. This comprehensive book, authored by Prof. Sengar, an eminent academic, with his wealth of experience in various areas of environmental law and management, brings these issues into sharp focus. The book highlights problems such as public health and safety, right to carry on trade vis-à-vis duty to protect environment, right to information about hazardous installations, right to clean environment, and ecological balance for sustainable development. It stresses the need for striking a balancer between environment and development to bring about sustainable development. Finally, the text shows how important it is to formulate a legal framework for environmental protection. KEY FEATURES : • While giving a broad conceptual overview of environmental law, the text explains the major environmental laws, examines the relevant provisions, and traces the origin of constitutional support to environmental protection. • Refers to all leading cases on environmental law and highlights the role of judiciary on entertaining as well as restraining public interest litigations (PILs) to stop environmental violations. • Provides Appendices containing various environmental laws. • The accompanying CD-ROM contains text of all relevant environmental laws—both general and specific—to help readers have access to those laws instantly. Primarily intended as a text for students of law (LL.B./BA LL.B./LL.M., MBL) and management (MBA), the book should also prove to be an excellent reference for academics, lawyers, judges, environmental activists, environmental managers and corporates concerned with environmental protection.
This unique volume presents the cutting edge of haemostasis in surgery and includes the advances in the science pertaining to related important medical and surgical problems. It is the only book that includes all the surgical subspecialties focusing specifically on the problems of haemostasis in each field. State-of-the-art laboratory and clinical reviews are included and modern devices used in the different specialties are also covered. The contributors are well-known authorities in their special fields and haematological area. Each is covered comprehensively with special emphasis on unanswered questions. The book is addressed to all surgeons and physicians with an interest in this exciting field.
The book, New Perspectives in Anthropology, brings together information about many diverse attributes of MAN in an attempt to understand him in its entirely. As the subtlety and complexity of anthropology becomes better understood, the issues emerging from the integration of biology, behaviour and culture inter alia human evolution, primate behaviour and human variation shall become increasingly relevant and interesting.
Understanding leadership is really about understanding life, and this starts with gaining an understanding of the self. Traditional management approaches, based on 'scientific' analysis, cannot contribute much towards understanding leadership. This book shows how leadership can be better understood by reading and interpreting masterpieces of world literature, and relating them to leadership issues. The book starts with Cervantes' masterpiece Don Quixote, whose main character asserts, 'I know who I am', and believes in himself. This is followed by other works to highlight important issues: ambition and purpose in Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart, faith vs. reason in Bertolt Brecht's The Life of Galileo, awakening the human spirit in Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan, authenticity in Girish Karnad's Tughlaq, and the old Sanskrit play Mudra Rakshasa by Visakhadatta, leaders and society in Arthur Miller's All My Sons, the role of illusions in Ibsen's The Wild Duck, taking a stand in A Dolls' House, the epic Mahabharata for development of perspective, and Herman Hesse's Siddhartha for understanding the process of self-development and realisation of one's potential. Based on the experience of the authors teaching a course on leadership for the last 20 years at the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, this is an enlightening and illuminating read for both academicians and corporate leaders.
This book presents novel and efficient tools, techniques and approaches for reliability evaluation, reliability analysis, and design of reliable communication networks using graph theoretic concepts. In recent years, human beings have become largely dependent on communication networks, such as computer communication networks, telecommunication networks, mobile switching networks etc., for their day-to-day activities. In today's world, humans and critical machines depend on these communication networks to work properly. Failure of these communication networks can result in situations where people may find themselves isolated, helpless and exposed to hazards. It is a fact that every component or system can fail and its failure probability increases with size and complexity. The main objective of this book is to devize approaches for reliability modeling and evaluation of such complex networks. Such evaluation helps to understand which network can give us better reliability by their design. New designs of fault-tolerant interconnection network layouts are proposed, which are capable of providing high reliability through path redundancy and fault tolerance through reduction of common elements in paths. This book covers the reliability evaluation of various network topologies considering multiple reliability performance parameters (two terminal reliability, broadcast reliability, all terminal reliability, and multiple sources to multiple destinations reliability).
In recent years, the utilization of terpyridines both in macromolecular structure assembly and device chemistry has exploded, enabling, for example, supramolecular polymer architectures with switchable chemical and physical properties as well as novel functional materials for optoelectronic applications such as light-emitting diodes and solar cells. Further applications include the usage of terpyridines and their metal complexes as catalysts for asymmetric organic reactions and, in a biological context, as anti-tumor agents or biolabels. This book covers terpyridine-based materials topics ranging from syntheses, chemistry, and multinuclear metal complexes, right up to functionalized polymers, 3D-architectures, and surfaces. Aimed at materials scientists, (in)organic chemists, polymer chemists, complex chemists, physical chemists, biochemists, and libraries.
DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 10th edition has garnered universal acclaim as the world’s definitive, standard-setting oncology reference. More than 400 respected luminaries explore today’s most effective strategies for managing every type of cancer by stage of presentation - discussing the role of all appropriate therapeutic modalities as well as combined-modality treatments. This multidisciplinary approach will help your cancer team collaboratively face the toughest clinical challenges and provide the best possible care for every cancer patient. Access the complete contents online or on your mobile device, with quarterly updates reflecting late-breaking developments in cancer care, free for the first year on LWW Health Library. Take full advantage of the latest advances with brand-new chapters on Hallmarks of Cancer, Molecular Methods in Cancer, Oncogenic Viruses, Cancer Screening, and new sections on Genetic testing and counseling for cancer, plus comprehensive updates throughout – including coverage of the newest biologic therapies. Make optimal, well-coordinated use of all appropriate therapies with balanced, multidisciplinary advice from a surgeon, a medical oncologist, and a radiation oncologist in each major treatment chapter. Review the latest molecular biology knowledge for each type of cancer and its implications for improved management. Make the best decisions on cancer screening and prevention, palliative care, supportive oncology, and quality-of-life issues
Advanced textbook presenting a well-founded introduction to the field, including didactical features like summary boxes and a Q&A section An Introduction to Redox Polymers for Energy-Storage Applications discusses fundamental aspects related to polymer-based batteries, such as types of batteries, their historic development, design and synthesis criteria of the active material, and summarizes the various types of redox polymers and their applications. Each chapter contains learning objectives, summary boxes, and questions and answers to allow for efficient exam preparation. In An Introduction to Redox Polymers for Energy-Storage Applications, readers will find detailed information on: Fundamental aspects of redox-active polymers, along with their historical classification, taking the key applications of the materials into account Energy-storage devices, containing polymers as the electrode active materials, and specific material requirements for the desired applications Classification of redox-active polymers, e.g., according to the nature of the actual redox-active moieties, their backbone structure, or topology Electrical conductivity of conjugated polymers, covering their most prominent representatives (polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polyacetylene) An Introduction to Redox Polymers for Energy-Storage Applications not only provides a well-founded introduction on polymers and batteries, but also covers the synthesis and applications of these materials, making it an excellent textbook for graduates, PhD students, and professionals who are starting in this field.
Papers presented at the National Seminar on Conservation and Utilization of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, held at Bhubaneswar during 4-6 December 2001; in Indian context.
This pre-eminent work has developed over six editions in response to man's attempts to climb higher and higher unaided, and to spend more time at altitude for both work and recreation. Building on this established reputation, the new and highly experienced authors provide a fully revised and updated text that will help doctors continue to improve the health and safety of all people who visit, live or work in the cold, thin air of high mountains. The sixth edition remains invaluable for any doctor accompanying an expedition or advising patients on a visit to altitude, those specialising in illness and accidents in high places, and for physicians and physiologists who study our dependence on oxygen and the adaptation of the body to altitude.
Focusing on the complexity of the food digestion process from oral cavity to intestine, this book looks at the anatomical intricacies of the digestive system, techniques currently used to study food digestibility, the glycemic index and bioavailability of food components. It also provides a detailed understanding of various modification techniques critical to any food product development, such as modification of food structure, its composition, and size. Being the first of its kind to provide an in-depth idea of various stages of food digestion, whilst linking it with approaches in modifying foods so as to cater to specific food or functional requirements, the book provides an integrated approach. Existing methods to understand the process of food digestion and advances in artificial systems that have been used for such studies are presented, substantiated with findings from scientific publications. Apart from readers from the field of medicine, this book is highly inter-disciplinary and will attract readers from food science, nutrition and food physics.
This book presents research focused on the design of fractal antennas using bio-inspired computing techniques. The authors present designs for fractal antennas having desirable features like size reduction characteristics, enhanced gain, and improved bandwidths. The research is summarized in six chapters which highlight the important issues related to fractal antenna design and the mentioned computing techniques. Chapters demonstrate several applied concepts and techniques used in the process such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Genetic Algorithms (GAs), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO). The work aims to provide cost-effective and efficient solutions to the demand for compact antennas due to the increasing demand for reduced sizes of components in modern wireless communication devices. A key feature of the book includes an extensive literature survey to understand the concept of fractal antennas, their features, and design approaches. Another key feature is the systematic approach to antenna design. The book explains how the IE3D software is used to simulate various fractal antennas, and how the results can be used to select a design. This is followed by ANN model development and testing for optimization, and an exploration of ANN ensemble models for the design of fractal antennas. The bio-inspired computing techniques based on GA, PSO, and BFO are developed to find the optimal design of the proposed fractal antennas for the desired applications. The performance comparison of the given computing techniques is also explained to demonstrate how to select the best algorithm for a given bio-inspired design. Finally, the book explains how to evaluate antenna designs. This book is a valuable resource for students (from UG to PG levels) and research scholars undertaking learning modules or projects on microstrip and patch antenna design in communications or electronics engineering courses.
Drought is a complex natural hazard, and the uncertainties surrounding its onset and impacts make investment decisions inherently difficult. On the other hand, drought is considered one of the costliest and most destructive natural hazards. With the threat of higher frequency and greater intensity of future drought events due to climate change, the debate in drought management has evolved from whether to implement reactive or proactive drought management approaches – in other words, whether to invest or not in proactive drought actions – to how to invest in proactive drought action. Different and evolving drought events can be mitigated with varying proactive measures, but the best trade-off between efficacy and profitability – be it a financial or an economic profit – must be targeted. The report investigates the broad concept of the economics of drought management, provides a conceptual, two-tier framework for the assessment of proactive and reactive actions, and disseminates case studies for the implementation of the framework in decision-making processes. This report aims to assist decision-makers, policymakers, planners, and national authorities responsible for planning and programming to conduct an exhaustive economic assessment related to drought. With the knowledge gained from the report, a critical step in the drought investment decision-making process can be effectively undertaken.
Advances in Ophthalmology and Optometry reviews the most current practices in both ophthalmology and optometry. A distinguished editorial board, headed by Dr. Myron Yanoff, identifies key areas of major progress and controversy and invites expert ophthalmologists and optometrists to contribute original articles devoted to these topics. Topics covered this volume include, but are not limited to, technology in the evolution of eye care, myopia, anti-VEGF medications in retinopathy of prematurity, current management of retinoblastoma, secondary angle-closure glaucoma, management of conjunctival bleb leaks, newer therapies for giant cell arteritis, nystagmus, corneal crosslinking, corneal inlays for treatment of presbyopia, orbital floor management, refinements in the conjunctivomullerectomy procedure, emerging intraocular infections of global significance, and recent advances in ocular imaging, among others.
You Shall Love the Stranger as Yourself addresses the complex political, legal, and humanitarian challenges raised by asylum-seekers and refugees from a Biblical perspective. The book explores the themes of humanity and justice through exegesis of relevant passages in the Old and New Testaments, skillfully woven into accounts of contemporary refugee situations. Applying Biblical analysis to one of the most pressing humanitarian concerns of modern times, Houston creates a timely work that will be of interest to students and scholars of theology, religion, and human rights.
Commonsense psychology refers to the implicit theories that we all use to make sense of people's behavior in terms of their beliefs, goals, plans, and emotions. These are also the theories we employ when we anthropomorphize complex machines and computers as if they had humanlike mental lives. In order to successfully cooperate and communicate with people, these theories will need to be represented explicitly in future artificial intelligence systems. This book provides a large-scale logical formalization of commonsense psychology in support of humanlike artificial intelligence. It uses formal logic to encode the deep lexical semantics of the full breadth of psychological words and phrases, providing fourteen hundred axioms of first-order logic organized into twenty-nine commonsense psychology theories and sixteen background theories. This in-depth exploration of human commonsense reasoning for artificial intelligence researchers, linguists, and cognitive and social psychologists will serve as a foundation for the development of humanlike artificial intelligence.
Epigenetics and Biological Processes deals with epigenetic control of various plant processes such as chromatin modification, biomacromolecule interactions, cell cycle, DNA replication, DNA recombination, DNA damage response, transcription, RNA processing and translation initiation, host restriction and modification, heterochromatin, euchromatin, centromere functions, telomeric maintenance, transposon activation, transposon silencing, transposon reactivation, photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, polyploidisation, heterosis, homeostasis, cytoplasmic male sterility, self-incompatibility, circadian clocks, epigenetic imprinting, dosage compensation, somaclonal variation, plant stress response, plant-microbe interactions, disease responsive genes, and sustainable green revolution through epigenetics. Understanding epigenetics of these plant processes is essential for using science of epigenetics as a tool for crop improvement. This book is primarily designed as a textbook for senior/upper undergraduate (B.Sc. Agri.; B.Sc. Biotechnology and B.Tech. (Biotechnology) and graduate level (M.Sc. and Ph.D.) students studying epigenetics in conventional, agricultural and medical universities. Teachers and researchers in any discipline of life sciences, agricultural sciences, medicine, and biotechnology.
This book presents essential principles, technical information, and expert insights on multimedia security technology. Illustrating the need for improved content security as the Internet and digital multimedia applications rapidly evolve, it presents a wealth of everyday protection application examples in fields including . Giving readers an in-depth introduction to different aspects of information security mechanisms and methods, it also serves as an instructional tool on the fundamental theoretical framework required for the development of advanced techniques.
Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology delivers the state-of-the-art scientific and clinical know-how you need to offer your patients the most effective diagnosis and care. This rheumatology book’s sweeping updates highlight current advances and breakthroughs that impact your practice. With Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology, you'll be ready to handle the toughest clinical challenges you face. Search the entire contents online at www.expertconsult.com, download all of images, and watch videos demonstrating the complete musculoskeletal exam, including abnormal findings and the arthroscopic presentation of diseased joints. Review basic science advances and their clinical implications in one place and get dependable, evidence-based guidance with the integrated chapter format that readers of Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology have always appreciated. Gain a thorough understanding of the "whys" and "hows" of rheumatic disease management with detailed coverage of the very latest breakthroughs and the newest clinical algorithms. Apply the latest therapeutic advances through new chapters in bioengineering and tissue engineering, as well as up-to-date coverage of gout and disease-modifying drugs. Learn how the study of biomarkers across populations can help you detect diseases earlier and with greater accuracy with a new chapter on epigenetics. Diagnose, monitor, and manage rheumatic disease more effectively with expanded information on the use of ultrasound and other imaging modalities.
Delivers insights from scientific studies in the domains of hospitality, leisure, and tourism. This title provides a platform to galvanize thoughts on contemporary issues and trends essential to theory advancement, as well as professional practices from a global perspective. It transcends the methods of inquiry so as to inspire research topics.
This easy-to-use, authoritative reference is designed to provide general information and daily practice guidelines to oncology advanced practice specialists, including oncology nurse practitioners, clinical specialists, and physician assistants. The text presents a broad-based, general approach to managing the oncology, hospice, or palliative care patient and contains the latest information on AJCC Cancer Staging. Compatibility: BlackBerry(R) OS 4.1 or Higher / iPhone/iPod Touch 2.0 or Higher /Palm OS 3.5 or higher / Palm Pre Classic / Symbian S60, 3rd edition (Nokia) / Windows Mobile(TM) Pocket PC (all versions) / Windows Mobile Smartphone / Windows 98SE/2000/ME/XP/Vista/Tablet PC
Thermal Ablation Therapy: Theory and Simulation includes detailed theoretical and technical concepts of thermal ablation therapy in different body organs. Concepts of ablation technology based on different thermal ablation methods are introduced, along with changes in the tissues’ mechanical properties due to thermal denaturation. The book emphasizes the mathematical and engineering concepts of RF and MW energy propagation through tissues and where high heating rates produced by MW systems can overcome the heat-sink effects from nearby vessels. The design and tuning of the MW antennas to deliver energy efficiently to specific organ systems such as the liver or lung is also covered. Other sections cover the computational modeling of radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation procedures for developing and implementing new efficient ablation in clinical systems, numerical simulations for different scenarios of different organs with different size using RF and MW ablation systems with different antennas’/probes design and configurations, and numerical techniques for temperature profile in tissues. Presents the latest mathematical models of microwave and RF ablation theories Discusses the biological responses and engineering principles by which thermal ablation techniques can provide temperature-elevation within the organs of the human body, including action mechanisms, required equipment, needle characteristics and treatment techniques Highlights the different techniques of thermal ablation, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, laser ablation, and ultrasound ablation, nanotechnology, and the different metrics used to evaluate the performance of the used antenna within the ablation needle
The book examines the various aspects of non-financial central public sector enterprises (PSEs) in India, for a period from 1986-87 to 2010-11. The analysis is based on all the key financial ratios; namely, profitability, efficiency, liquidity, leverage and productivity. Liberalization and globalization have caused competition in India and have lowered the profit margins. At the same time, Indian government has reduced subsidies and budgetary support for PSEs to curtail their own fiscal deficit. Strategic and economic reforms were also introduced in PSEs to make their operations commercially profitable so that they are not dependent on the government to meet their financial requirements on the one hand, and have their own earnings to finance their expansion/modernization requirements as well as their social obligations, on the other. To what extent, the PSEs have succeeded in this objective constitutes one major aspect of the present research work. The other equally important aspect examined is financial performance of the PSEs which have opted for disinvestment and have signed memorandum of understanding (MoU)/ self obligations. The Indian Government has desired the central PSEs to be profitable in their operations in post-liberation era of 1990s. For this purpose, two major instruments, namely, disinvestment and MoUs, were introduced. This book examines, in detail, financial performance of PSEs which had opted for disinvestment and have signed MoU. Based on analysis/ findings and literature on the subject, the book contains some concrete suggestions that would prove extremely helpful to Indian Government to further improve their financial performance.
Structuring Biological Systems focuses on the important components of biological systems in order to develop genetic algorithms for modeling purposes. The book considers the characteristics of biological systems from the artificial intelligence point of view, examines modeling examples of complex biological systems (such as molecular level modeling, a model of renal hemodynamics, and cognitive aspects of modeling), describes the entropy-based probability distribution for modeling of environmental and biological systems, and presents a detailed analysis of modeling cancer phenomena. Structuring Biologic Systems will benefit students and researchers interested in an interdisciplinary approach to complex problems of biological systems, as well as biologists, chemists, engineers, research physicians, and computer scientists.
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