A complete self-study course developed for beginners to cover the needs of travellers. It contains authentic dialogue, grammar, vocabulary and exercises, as well as information about the customs and lifestyle of the country.
Modern German Grammar: A Practical Guide, Third Edition is an innovative reference guide to German, combining traditional and function-based grammar in a single volume. The Grammar is divided into two parts. Part A covers grammatical categories such as word order, nouns, verbs and adjectives. Part B is organised according to language functions and notions such as: making introductions asking for something to be done delivering a speech possibility satisfaction. The book addresses learners’ practical needs and presents grammar in both a traditional and a communicative setting. New to this edition, and building on feedback from the previous edition: The rules of the latest (and so far final) spelling reform have been implemented throughout. Examples of usage have been updated and consideration given to Swiss and Austrian variants. The chapter on register has been expanded and now includes youth language and frequently used Anglicisms in German. The Index now has even more key words; it has also been redesigned to differentiate between German words, grammar terms, and functions, thus making it more user-friendly. The Grammar assumes no previous grammatical training and is intended for all those who have a basic knowledge of German, from intermediate learners in schools and adult education to undergraduates taking German as a major or minor part of their studies. The Grammar is accompanied by a third edition of Modern German Grammar Workbook (ISBN 978-0-415-56725-1) which features exercises and activities directly linked to the Grammar. Ruth Whittle is Lecturer, John Klapper is Professor of Foreign Language Pedagogy, Katharina Glöckel is the Austrian Lektorin and Bill Dodd is Professor of Modern German Studies – all at the University of Birmingham. Christine Eckhard-Black is Tutor and Advisor in German at the Oxford University Language Centre.
Modern German Grammar Workbook, Third Edition, is an innovative book of exercises and language tasks for intermediate and advanced learners of German. The book is divided into three sections: Section 1 provides exercises based on essential grammatical structures. Section 2 practises everyday functions (e.g. making introductions, apologising, expressing needs). Section 3 contains realistic role-plays in short scenes, set in a range of different contexts. A comprehensive answer key at the back of the book enables you to check on your progress. Implementing feedback from users of the second edition, this third edition now features: even more extensive cross-referencing to the related Modern German Grammar, Third Edition spelling following the latest reform representation of the German of Switzerland and Austria. Modern German Grammar Workbook, Third Edition, is ideal for all learners who want to deepen their knowledge of German, including intermediate and advanced students at schools, in adult education and within higher education. It can be used independently or alongside Modern German Grammar, Third Edition (ISBN 978-0-415-56726-8) also published by Routledge.
“Engaging and steeped in years of research . . . a must read for all who care about the intersection of Canadian, American, British, and African history.” —Lawrence Hill, award-winning author of Someone Knows My Name In an attempt to ruin the American economy during the Revolutionary War, the British government offered freedom to slaves who would desert their rebel masters. Many Black men and women escaped to the British fleet patrolling the East Coast, or to the British armies invading the colonies from Maine to Georgia. After the final surrender of the British to the Americans, New York City was evacuated by the British Army throughout the summer and fall of 1783. Carried away with them were a vast number of White Loyalists and their families, and over 3,000 Black Loyalists: free, indentured, apprenticed, or still enslaved. More than 2,700 Black people came to Nova Scotia with the fleet from New York City. Black Loyalists strives to present hard data about the lives of Nova Scotia Black Loyalists before they escaped slavery in early South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, and after they settled in Nova Scotia—to tell the little-known story of some very brave and enterprising men and women who survived the chaos of the American Revolution, people who found a way to pass through the heart, ironically, of a War for Liberty, to find their own liberty and human dignity. Includes historical images and documents
The first major study in English of nineteenth-century German women writers, this book examines their social and cultural milieu along with the layers of interpretation and representation that inform their writing. Studying a period of German literary history that has been largely ignored by modern readers, Ruth-Ellen Boetcher Joeres demonstrates that these writings offer intriguing opportunities to examine such critical topics as canon formation; the relationship between gender, class, and popular culture; and women, professionalism, and technology. The writers she explores range from Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, who managed to work her way into the German canon, to the popular serial novelist E. Marlitt, from liberal writers such as Louise Otto and Fanny Lewald, to the virtually unknown novelist and journalist Claire von Glümer. Through this investigation, Boetcher Joeres finds ambiguities, compromises, and subversions in these texts that offer an extensive and informative look at the exciting and transformative epoch that so much shaped our own.
The family into which Mozart was born has never received a rigorous contextual study which does justice to the complexity of its relationships or to its interactions with colleagues, friends, and neighbours in Mozarts native city, Salzburg. Most biographies of Mozart have undervalued the manypassages in the rich family correspondence which do not bear directly on him. This book draws on the neglected material, most of which has never been translated into English. At the heart of the work is a detailed examination of the letters, supplemented by little-known archival material from thepapers of the Berchtold family, into which Mozarts sister Nannerl married. Additional information concerning Salzburg's local history, especially the working conditions at court and the provision for dependants of court employees, enables the hopes, expectations, and fears of the Mozarts to belocated in the context of the social conditions there. As well as providing a sympathetic account of the other members of the family, all of whom were profoundly affected by the experience of sharing their lives with Mozart, this approach gives new significance to the events of Mozart's life; notonly are they set against the background of his familys expectations of him, but the ways in which the source material has to be used for this purpose necessarily involves fundamental improvements in its interpretation. Ruth Halliwell challenges most previous views of the characters in Mozart's family (especially of his father, Leopold), and of the relationships within it. She also introduces a wealth of characters from the Mozarts's circle in Salzburg, from chambermaids to princes, and demonstrates the relevanceof the gossip stories the Mozarts told about them to the larger outlook of the members of the family. In an important final section, Halliwell traces the roles of Nannerl and Mozart's wife Constanze in using, controlling, and handing on the biographical source material after Mozarts death. She discusses their dealings with publishers such as Breitkopf and Hartel, and with the authors of theearliest biographies of Mozart. This complex topic here receives an account which not only illuminates the characters of both women and the relations between them, but also addresses the question of how myths were able to creep into the Mozartian biography at so early a stage and take tenacioushold.
In this book the author attempts to unravel the original narratives which underlie the biblical Book of Esther. She reconstructs the contents of three non-Jewish narratives: A wedding story, in which the foreign beauty (Esther) takes the place of the disobedient queen, and two court narratives, telling the story of the rivalry between two courtiers at the Persian court. In exilic and postexilic times these basic narratives were merged into one topical and literarily well developed narrative, which expressed the problems connected with Jewish life in the diaspora. The author shows that this text has been redactionally revised once more, in an attempt to adjust Palestinian Judaism to the Jewish communities that flourished in the diaspora. This redaction bears the hallmarks of Judaism’s clash with Hellenised political forces; Purim emerges as a succesful defense.
The Oxford Handbook of International Law and Development is a unique overview of the field of international law and development, examining how normative beliefs and assumptions around development are instantiated in law, and critically examining disciplinary frameworks, competing agendas, legal actors and institutions, and alternative futures.
Travel often inspires the creation of narratives about journeys and destinations, more so with the increasing availability of online platforms, applications for smartphones and tablets, and various other social media technologies. This book examines travel blogs and their associated social media as a form of self-presentation that negotiates the tensions between discourses of travel and tourism. As such, it addresses how contemporary travellers use online platforms to communicate their experiences of journeys and destinations, and how the traveller/tourist dichotomy finds expression in these narratives. Addressing the need for more in-depth analysis through a study of blogs, this exploration of networked narratives of an individual’s travel experience considers personal motivations, self-promotion, and self-presentation as key factors in the creation of both personal and commercial travel blogs. As this text applies concepts such as self-presentation and heteroglossia, it will be of interest to both students and scholars of tourism, new media, sociology, cultural studies, and discourse studies.
Although North Americans may not recognize it, Cuba has long shaped the German imaginary. Sun, Sex, and Socialism picks up this story from the early 1960s, detailing how the newly upstart island in the U.S. backyard inspired citizens on both sides of the Berlin Wall. By the 1970s, international rapprochements and repressions on state levels were stirring citizen disenchantment, discontent, and grassroots solidarities in all three nations. The Cold War's official end generated waves of politicised nostalgia and prescriptions for the newly configured Cuba and Germany, as exemplified in films like Buena Vista Social Club. Meanwhile, from the New Left movement to today, revolutionary compatriots Ché Guevara and Tamara Bunke continued to be icons of youth resistance, even while being commodified globally. Sun, Sex, and Socialism illustrates how Germans identified with transnational communities beyond the East-West binary. Through analysis of cultural production that often countered governmental intentions for official diplomacy, Jennifer Ruth Hosek offers a broad-reaching history of the influence of the global South on the global North.
This study of contemporary German poetry represents the first attempt to examine comprehensively and at some length the lyric response to the unification period. It sets out to investigate, by means of close textual analysis, whether the German ‘Wende’ was also a turning-point for poetry, exploring how GDR poets responded both to the revolutionary events of 1989 and subsequently to the new, united Germany. An introductory chapter considers what is distinct about poetry as a genre, especially under censorship or amid historic change, as well as outlining the post-unification ‘Literaturstreit’. The following chapter offers a survey of the poet’s role in the GDR from 1949 until 1989. Two central chapters then gather the poetry of the ‘Wende’ and unification as a corpus of work and characterize it, through the elucidation of recurring themes, motifs and techniques. The volume strikes a balance between giving a general overview of poetry written in 1989-1996 and focusing on individual poets whose work is particularly compelling. After identifying broad trends across a wide range of individual poems, collections and anthologies, single chapters therefore examine in greater depth the work of Volker Braun and Durs Grünbein. The concluding chapter addresses the issue of a separate GDR literature. Finally, an extensive, structured bibliography is provided, covering the poetry, literary criticism and cultural history of the period.
This book presents a research study investigating young foreign language learners' ability to compose communicative texts in English. It reviews current research on young learners' EFL writing, reports on the learners' EFL writing competence, describes text quality at different CEFR language levels, and discusses current teaching practices and the learners' perception of EFL writing.
The book of Ezekiel has long astonished its readership. In the history of exegesis, the book's (supposed) author has often been regarded as mad or ill, or as suffering from "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder" according to a recent diagnosis. The present study radicalizes this approach by investigating the book of Ezekiel as trauma literature. On the basis of a multi-faceted trauma hermeneutics the peculiarities as well as the inconsistencies of the book are shown to be material aspects of a fictionalised trauma process in the context of Israel's experiences of siege warfare and mass deportation in the early 6th century bce. The analysis demonstrates that the potential for violence inherent in the catastrophe has created not only an intense discourse about blame and punishment but also a theologically disturbing picture of a traumatized deity; in both cases the purpose is to assure the survival of Yhwh and the people. Das Ezechielbuch hat seine Leserschaft seit jeher verwundert und verwirrt. Den vermeintlichen Autor des Buches hat man im Laufe der Auslegungsgeschichte immer wieder pathologisiert – zuletzt ist Ezechiel mehrfach die Diagnose „Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung“ attestiert worden. Die vorliegende Studie nimmt diesen Krankheitsansatz auf und radikalisiert ihn, indem sie das Ezechielbuch konsequent als fiktionale Trauma-Literatur analysiert. Vor dem Hintergrund einer mehrdimensionalen Trauma-Hermeneutik erschließt sie die Ezechielprophetie neu als literarisch-theologische Auseinandersetzung mit den traumatisierenden Kriegsereignissen, die Juda und Jerusalem zu Beginn des 6. Jh.s v.u.Z. getroffen haben. Es zeigt sich, dass die ungeheure Gewaltfülle der Exilskatastrophe nicht nur einen massiven Schuld-Strafe-Diskurs, sondern auch das theologisch erschütternde Bild einer traumatisierten Gottheit aus sich herausgesetzt hat – beides mit dem Ziel, das Überleben JHWHs und des Volkes zu sichern.
Unser Kontakt zur innewohnenden Vollendung ist sehr gefahrdet. Zwar ist das Potenzial in jedem einzelnen von uns angelegt, aber wir finden nicht die Zeit, es zu verwirklichen, oder wir suchen vielleicht am falschen Ort. Zudem scheint vieles sehr wage oder gar verwirrend. Und gerade: Bewusstwerdung ist moglich, Erleuchtung erreichbar! Dies ist ein praxisnahes Lehrbuch. Es soll dir ein treuer Begleiter sein auf einer wunderbar spannenden Entdeckungsreise. Lerne die Werkzeuge kennen, die in dir angelegt sind, lerne dich zu heilen - als Person und als Geistwesen - und nimm den Kontakt zur Vollendung wieder auf.
In many European countries the extreme right have refined their electoral programmes under the rubric of nationalist-populist slogans and have adopted subtle forms of racism. The move away from overt neo-fascist discourse has, allowed these parties to expand their electoral support as populist nationalist parties. Paradoxically, this has led to an increase in racist and anti-Semitic discourse. In this on-site analysis, Michal Krzyzanowski and Ruth Wodak describe a confluence of racism and xenophobia, and show how that union creates a new kind of racism. The "new" racism differs from the older kinds in that it is usually not expressed in overtly racial terms. Instead, the justifications that are typically employed concern protecting jobs, eliminating abuse of welfare benefits, or cultural incompatibilities. The new racism exploits xenophobia rooted in ethnocentrism, male chauvinism, and ordinary prejudices that are often unconscious or routinized. For these reasons, the new racism can be defined as "syncretic," a mixture of many, sometimes contradictory, racist and xenophobic beliefs and stereotypes. Racism as ideology and practice is alive and well. This important book aims to provide understanding of the many socio-political and historical processes involved in such expressions of institutional and individual racism--processes which are not necessarily evident from more overt or traditional expressions of racism. This is an innovative look at the political study of language as well as new instances of race, ethnicity, and class in present-day Europe.
These volumes, the fourth and fifth, complete the series of biographical sketches of students at Princeton University (the College of New Jersey in colonial times). They cover pivotal years for both the nation and the College. In 1784, the war with England had just ended. Nassau Hall was still in a shambles following its bombardment, and the College was in financial distress. It gradually regained financial and academic strength, and the Class of 1794 graduated in the year of the death of President John Witherspoon, one of the most important early American educators. The introductory essay by John Murrin, editor of the series since 1981, explores the postwar context of the College. The two volumes contain biographies of 354 men who attended with the classes of 1784 through 1794 and two other students whose presence at the College in earlier years has only now been demonstrated. During these years Princeton accounted for about an eighth of all A.B. degrees granted in the United States. It was the young republic's most "national" college, although it had nearly lost its New England constituency and was instead beginning to draw nearly 40 percent of its students from the South. Originally published in 1991. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Discourse and Discrimination is a study of how racism, antisemitism and ethnicism are reflected in discourse. The authors first survey five established discourse analysis approaches before providing their own model and three case-studies. Drawing on a wide range of sources, they question why racism and anti-Semitism are still virulent worldwide.
This highly original study provides a detailed analysis of Catherine the Great's celebrity avant la lettre and how gender, power, and scandal made it commercially successful. In 1762, when Catherine II overthrew her husband to seize the throne of the Russian Empire, her instant popular fame in regions of Europe far from her own domains fit the still new discourse of modern celebrity and soon helped shape it. Catherine the Great and Celebrity Culture in Eighteenth-Century Europe shows that over the next 35 years Catherine was part of a standard troika of celebrity-making agents-intriguing central figure, large-scale media, and an engaged public. Ruth P. Dawson reveals how writers, print makers, newspaper editors, playwrights, and more-the 18th-century's media workers-laboured to produce marketable representations of the empress, and audiences of non-elite readers, viewers, and listeners savoured the resulting commodities. This book presents long neglected material evidence of the tsarina's fantasy-inducing fame, examines the 1762 coup as the indispensable story that first constructed her distant public image, and explains how the themes of enlightenment, luxury consumption, clashing gender roles, and exotic Russia continued to attract non-elite fans and anti-fans during the middle decades of her reign. For the later years, the book considers the scrutiny inspired by the French Revolution and Catherine's skewering in unsparing misogynist cartoons as they applied to visual representations, her achievements as ruler, the long-ago overthrow of her husband, and her gradually revealed list of lovers. Dawson reflects on Catherine II's demise in 1796 and how this instigated a final burst of adoration, loathing, and ambivalence as new accounts of her life, both real and fictional, claimed to unwrap the final secrets of the first modern international female celebrity – even now the only woman in history widely known as 'the Great'.
Yale Papyri in the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library IV springs from work undertaken at Yale University’s Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, at its Papyrological Summer Institute in 2003. This fourth volume of Yale papyri presents three groups of texts dating from the second century BCE to the seventh century CE. Editions are presented in chronological order, and include items such as samples of scribal training, mathematical tables and exercises, schoolroom work, letters, tax- receipts, contracts, and petitions. Contributors in addition to the volume editors include Daniel Markovich, Charles W. Hedrick, Jr., Jitse H. F. Dijkstra, Kevin Wilkinson, AnneMarie Luijendijk, Richard L. Phillips, Gary Reger, Shane Berg, Elizabeth Penland, George Bevan, Josiah E. Davis, Mariam Dandamayeva, Andrew T. Crislip, and Jean Gascou.
This study examines the ways in which memory is understood and aestheticized in Romantic texts, and argues that these works reveal serious doubt about the explanatory ability of the philosophical, psychological and aesthetic discourses against which modern thought is constructed. The Jena Romantics represent the experience and presentation of memory as privileged and creative, but also as not always capable of giving reliable information about the actual past. But rather than depicting signifiers with no stable referents, their portrayal of memory and remembering as creative displays a belief that meaning is accessible through its representations. This belief results in an emphasis on originality over imitation, but also blurs distinctions between memory and historiography. The form of the fragment embodies the dilemmas and possibilities that the Romantics associate with memory. The book includes a survey of theories of memory and how they contribute to a specifically Romantic model for memory that can lead to new interpretations of Romantic fragments; chapters on eighteenth-century aesthetic and psychological theories of memory that precede and influence Romantic texts, and on understandings of memory in critical and idealist philosophy; interpretations of the poetic and philosophical production of Novalis and Friedrich Schlegel; and a conclusion that demonstrates the persistence of the Romantic model for memory in contemporary memory theory and cultural production.
Resuming his medical duties in the Twentieth legion in Roman-occupied Britain, Gaius Petreius Ruso investigates an outbreak of mysterious injuries and deaths and discovers possible links to the revered Centurion Geminus and the long-awaited Emperor Hadrian.
Lange bevor wir einen Korper hatten, ja sogar lange bevor es uberhaupt Korper gab, war Bewusstsein, waren geistige Wesen existent. Alles, was sich in der Schopfung manifestiert, wurde ursprunglich im geistigen Raum kreiert und ist ein verdichtetes Abbild der spirituellen Ebenen. Hinter der sichtbaren Erscheinungsform existiert die geistige Realitat. Schritt fur Schritt erlautre die Autorin die Stufen, welche wir als Geistwesen auf unserem Abstieg in die Inkarnation zurucklegen. Dadurch werden die zahlreichen Schwierigkeiten und Fragen leichter verstandlich, denen wir in unserem Menschen begegnen. Ubersichtlich strukturiert, mit zahlreichen Beispielen, Ubungen und einem eindrucklichen Modell, des Weges von Wahrheit und Liebe.
THE INSPIRING, REVEALING STORY OF ONE WOMAN’S YEARS BEHIND CONVENT WALLS AND HER RETURN TO THE WORLD OUTSIDE In 1925 Mary McCarran joined her sister Margaret in the Convent of the Holy Names. Here is the story of the black-garbed postulant, hopeful and homesick. Here is the nun, tried and proven, exchanging vows for a gold wedding ring. Sister Mary Mercy made her greatest sacrifice in a small convent room where, after thirty-two years, she exchanged her beloved habit for a new pink dress—and returned to the secular world. This is Mary McCarran’s unforgettable and inspiring story of those three decades as a member of a religious community. “An apparently faithful view of some inner workings of the Catholic Church seldom revealed dispassionately to the public at large...an altogether extraordinary story told in an extraordinary manner.”—NEW YORK JOURNAL AMERICAN
Ruth Dann explores the complex interactions between pupil learning and educational assessment. The author emphasises assessment as a factor in the learning process and examines various assessment strategies and techniques.
Although mother and daughter are two central female roles, they have rarely been investigated. The relationship is specific, certainly different than the motherson or fatherdaughter relationships. And this difference manifests itself in sex-specific language behavior. Despite 'eternal' features of the motherdaughter relationship, its quality is affected by individual psychological and by sociocultural variables. Thus, investigations took place in two big cities with very different structures and traditions: Vienna and Los Angeles. This is the first cross-cultural study which reflects and combines multiple linguistic, socio-psycholinguistic and text linguistic categories, approaches and methods to be able to investigate such an important topic as family relationships and the 'place' of women nowadays in our societies.
Ruth Troellers lifelong passion for philosophical inquiry has driven her to pursue and spread knowledge and wisdom, not only in the academic sphere. Inspired by the existentialist thought that flourished in postwar Europe and her meetings with Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Gabriel Marcel and particularly Andr Malraux, she studied formally under Jaspers in Baal and Heidegger in Freiburg, and earned a degree in philosophy at the University of London. Her academic path strayed from that of philosophy due to her great dislike of the predominant current (logical positivism) being taught at the time, but although she went on to earn her higher degrees in Economics and dedicated much of her professional life to that area, her interest in philosophy never faded. The 72 years of diaries that this book covers bear witness to her unwavering commitment to reflecting continuously on philosophical questions, and the realization of this book is a testimony of her devotion as a teacher, since she not only wants to share her own thoughts with the world, but to inspire readers of all ages to pursue their own path of philosophical search, to dare to ask themselves important questions and seek the answers, to write and think consistently and contribute to the development of humanity.
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