Covering all aspects of this field, this volume also critically discusses recent results obtained with the use of nitroxides, while providing an analysis of future developments. Written by a group of scientists with long-term experience in investigating the chemistry, physicochemistry, biochemistry and biophysics of nitroxides, the book is not intended as an exhaustive survey of each topic, but rather a discussion of their theoretical and experimental background, as well as recent advances. The first four chapters expound the general theoretical and experimental background and the advantages of modern ESR technique. Chapter 5 focuses on fundamentals and recent results in the preparation and basic chemical properties, while the next two chapters briefly outline principles and current results in nitroxides as spin probes, and as redox probes and spin traps. These chapters form the basis for the subsequent more detailed studies of nitroxides in physicochemistry, while the final chapters concentrate on the advantages of magnetic materials on the basis of nitroxides. Finally, the concluding chapter considers the rapidly developing field of biomedical, therapeutic and clinical applications. With more than 1,100 references to essential literature, this volume provides fundamental knowledge of instrumentation, data interpretation, capacity and recent advantages of nitroxide applications, allowing readers to understand how nitroxides can help them in solving their own problems.
“Yasu was simply crazy. But no crazier than the rest of the war.” Rui Umezawa’s first novel weaves in and out of the lives of three generations of the Hayakawa family, starting during World War II in Japan and ending in present-day Toronto. The story is tragic, hilarious, lyrical and universal, tracing the legacy of war and the past on one family’s fortunes and memories. Film director Atom Egoyan says: “This ambitious debut creates a dense world of overlapping events -- from the smallest details of domestic life to the grandest scale of atrocity and horror. Rui Umezawa presents this unique world of cause and effect with a carefully harnessed sense of despair, yearning and beauty.” Maimed physically and emotionally, Shoji Hayakawa leaves the devastation of post-war Japan and moves to the University of Milwaukee to teach physics. His father, Yasujiro, was the doctor in the village of Kitagawa, and an outspoken pacifist in dangerous times. Shoji and his wife Mitsuyo still recall their wartime childhood: bartering for food, evacuation to the countryside, returning to the burnt remains of the cities. Transplanted into suburban America, Mitsuyo’s mother will watch life through the windows, marvelling at how absurdly people act even when they have everything they need: food, water, clothes, and no bombs. Shoji has two sons, Toshi and Kei. Toshi is a gentle boy but sees the world with an abnormal intensity. Objects seem to speak to him. He has to lock himself in a closet to concentrate on his homework, and lies face down in the school corridor with his forehead pressed against the cool linoleum to calm himself. Exuberant but noisy, he is stopped from taking piano lessons. He is an embarrassment to his mother and to his angry brother Kei, who leaves for Canada to build a career as a rock musician. Mitsuyo, so demanding of Kei, considers Toshi insane and never expects anything of him. Yet Toshi, full of imagination, finds humour and wonder in the world. Quill and Quire called The Truth About Death and Dying an extraordinary first novel that “falls somewhere between Thomas Wolfe and Monty Python.” The absurd sense of humour, the unforgettably comic scenes -- such as Yasu emerging naked from the bathroom clutching mushrooms, or dancing in the bomb shelter -- are inextricably entwined with tragic memories. With the dark shadows of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as well as Pearl Harbor always present, this novel examines how our sense of what is normal and what is crazy can be skewed, especially in times of war. Of the passages that take place in wartime Japan, the author says they “owe most of their details to what was told to me by my parents, and to Japanese movies and comic books set during World War II. I grew up with stories of the war and pacifism, both at home and in the Japanese media. My father was never conscripted to fight, because he excelled so much at science and the government felt he would be more useful in a lab than on a battlefield…. My father would often recount, however, having to run and take shelter from bombs while going to university in Nagoya. For the rest of his life, he refused to watch war movies, because the whistling sound of bombs falling frightened him terribly.” “When I think about Japan in relation to the Second World War, more often then not, I’m remembering people who were treated like animals in Japanese POW camps. Or the Chinese who suffered tremendously at the hands of the Japanese military in places like Nanjing or Manchuria…. However, one of the things I think the book illustrates is this: Japanese wartime atrocities were unforgivable, but at the same time, Japanese civilians like my father were suffering too.”
Durability and service life design of concrete constructions have considerable socio-economic and environmental consequences, in which the permeability of concrete to aggressive intruders plays a vital role. Concrete Permeability and Durability Performance provides deep insight into the permeability of concrete, moving from theory to practice, and presents over 20 real cases, such as Tokyo’s Museum of Western Art, Port of Miami Tunnel and Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao sea-link, including field tests in the Antarctic and Atacama Desert. It stresses the importance of site testing for a realistic durability assessment and details the "Torrent Method" for non-destructive measurement of air-permeability. It also delivers answers for some vexing questions: Should the coefficient of permeability be expressed in m2 or m/s? How to get a "mean" pore radius of concrete from gas-permeability tests? Why should permeability preferably be measured on site? How can service life of reinforced concrete structures be predicted by site testing of gas-permeability and cover thickness? Practitioners will find stimulating examples on how to predict the coming service life of new structures and the remaining life of existing structures, based on site testing of air-permeability and cover thickness. Researchers will value theoretical principles, testing methods, as well as how test results reflect the influence of concrete mix composition and processing.
This book focuses on software fault detection and correction processes, presenting 5 different paired models introduced over the last decade and discussing their applications, in particular to determining software release time. The first work incorporates the testing effort function and the fault introduction process into the paired fault detection and fault correction models. The second work incorporates fault dependency, while the third adopts a Markov approach for studying fault detection and correction processes. The fourth work considers the multi-release property of various software, and models fault detection and correction processes. The last work classifies faults into four types and models the fault-detection and correction processes. Enabling readers to familiarize themselves with how software reliability can be modeled when different factors need to be considered, and how the approaches can be used to analyze other systems, the book is important reference guide for researchers in the field of software reliability engineering and practitioners working on software projects. To gain the most from the book, readers should have a firm grasp of the fundamentals of the stochastic process.
This book describes the structural and functional asymmetries in human body movement by providing cases and examples using illustrations and easy-to-understand scenarios. Specifically, it adopts an evidence-based approach to demonstrate (i) the role of structural (e.g., bone dimensions) and functional (e.g., hemispheric dominance) asymmetries in the human body; (ii) the asymmetric nature of most daily activities (e.g., gait, mastication); (iii) the benefits of asymmetry for physical performance; and (iv) the role of asymmetry in preventing injury. More than just a scientific book, it bridges the gap between theory and practice, and includes practical examples and applications. The book appeals to academics and practitioners in the fields of kinesiology, human movement, sports sciences, strength and conditioning, and physiotherapy.
Exploration of Visual Data presents latest research efforts in the area of content-based exploration of image and video data. The main objective is to bridge the semantic gap between high-level concepts in the human mind and low-level features extractable by the machines. The two key issues emphasized are "content-awareness" and "user-in-the-loop". The authors provide a comprehensive review on algorithms for visual feature extraction based on color, texture, shape, and structure, and techniques for incorporating such information to aid browsing, exploration, search, and streaming of image and video data. They also discuss issues related to the mixed use of textual and low-level visual features to facilitate more effective access of multimedia data. Exploration of Visual Data provides state-of-the-art materials on the topics of content-based description of visual data, content-based low-bitrate video streaming, and latest asymmetric and nonlinear relevance feedback algorithms, which to date are unpublished.
Sustainable Construction Materials: Recycled Aggregate focuses on the massive systematic need that is necessary to encourage the uptake of recycled and secondary materials (RSM) in the construction industry. This book is the fifth and the last of the series on sustainable construction materials and like the previous four, it is also different to the norm. Its uniqueness lies in using the newly developed, Analytical Systemisation Method, in building the data-matrix sourced from 1413 publications, contributed by 2213 authors from 965 institutions in 67 countries, from 1977 to 2018, on the subject of recycled aggregate as a construction material, and systematically analysing, evaluating and modelling this information for use of the material as an aggregate concrete and mortar, geotechnics and road pavement applications. Environmental issues, case studies and standards are also discussed. The work establishes what is already known and can be used to further progress the use of sustainable construction materials. It can also help to avoid repetitive research and save valuable resources. The book is structured in an incisive and easy to digest manner and is particularly suited for researchers, academics, design engineers, specifiers, contractors, and government bodies dealing with construction works. - Provides an exhaustive and comprehensively organized list of globally-based published literature spanning 5000 references - Offers an analysis, evaluation, repackaging and modeling of existing knowledge that encourages more responsible use of waste materials - Provides a wealth of knowledge for use in many sectors relating to the construction profession, including academia, research, practice and adoption of RSM
This thesis focuses on the seismic response of piles in liquefiable ground. It describes the design of a three-dimensional, unified plasticity model for large post-liquefaction shear deformation of sand, formulated and implemented for parallel computing. It also presents a three-dimensional, dynamic finite element analysis method for piles in liquefiable ground, developed on the basis of this model,. Employing a combination of case analysis, centrifuge shaking table experiments and numerical simulations using the proposed methods, it demonstrates the seismic response patterns of single piles in liquefiable ground. These include basic force-resistance mode, kinematic and inertial interaction coupling mechanism and major influence factors. It also discusses a beam on the nonlinear Winkler foundation (BNWF) solution and a modified neutral plane solution developed and validated using centrifuge experiments for piles in consolidating and reconsolidating ground. Lastly, it studies axial pile force and settlement during post-earthquake reconsolidation, showing pile axial force to be irrelevant in the reconsolidation process, while settlement is process dependent.
Chordates comprise lampreys, hagfishes, jawed fishes, and tetrapods, plus a variety of more unfamiliar and crucially important non-vertebrate animal lineages, such as lancelets and sea squirts. This will be the first book to synthesize, summarize, and provide high-quality illustrations to show what is known of the configuration, development, homology, and evolution of the muscles of all major extant chordate groups. Muscles as different as those used to open the siphons of sea squirts and for human facial communication will be compared, and their evolutionary links will be explained. Another unique feature of the book is that it covers, illustrates, and provides detailed evolutionary tables for each and every muscle of the head, neck and of all paired and median appendages of extant vertebrates. Key Selling Features: Has more than 200 high-quality anatomical illustrations, including evolutionary trees that summarize the origin and evolution of all major muscle groups of chordates Includes data on the muscles of the head and neck and on the pectoral, pelvic, anal, dorsal, and caudal appendages of all extant vertebrate taxa Examines experimental observations from evolutionary developmental biology studies of chordate muscle development, allowing to evolutionarily link the muscles of vertebrates with those of other chordates Discusses broader developmental and evolutionary issues and their implications for macroevolution, such as the links between phylogeny and ontogeny, homology and serial homology, normal and abnormal development, the evolution, variations, and birth defects of humans, and medicine.
Oral, Head and Neck Oncology and Reconstructive Surgery is the first multidisciplinary text to provide readers with a system for managing adult head and neck cancers based upon stage. Using an evidence-based approach to the management and treatment of a wide variety of clinical conditions, the extensive experience of the author and contributors in head and neck surgery and oncology are highlighted throughout the text. This includes computer aided surgical simulation, intraoperative navigation, robotic surgery, endoscopic surgery, microvascular reconstructive surgery, molecular science, and tumor immunology. In addition, high quality photos and illustrations are included, which are easily accessible on mobile devices. - Management protocols and outcomes assessment provide clear guidelines for managing problems related to adult head and neck oncology and reconstructive surgery. - State-of-the art guidance by recognized experts details current techniques as well as technological advances in head and neck/cranio-maxillofacial surgery and oncology. - Evidence-based content details the latest diagnostic and therapeutic options for treating a wide-variety of clinical problems with an emphasis on surgical technique and outcomes. - Multidisciplinary approach reflects best practices in managing head and neck oncology and cranio-maxillofacial surgery. - 900 highly detailed images clearly demonstrate pathologies and procedures. - Designed for the modern classroom which lets you access important information anywhere through mobile tablets and smart phones.
Covering all aspects of this field, this volume also critically discusses recent results obtained with the use of nitroxides, while providing an analysis of future developments. Written by a group of scientists with long-term experience in investigating the chemistry, physicochemistry, biochemistry and biophysics of nitroxides, the book is not intended as an exhaustive survey of each topic, but rather a discussion of their theoretical and experimental background, as well as recent advances. The first four chapters expound the general theoretical and experimental background and the advantages of modern ESR technique. Chapter 5 focuses on fundamentals and recent results in the preparation and basic chemical properties, while the next two chapters briefly outline principles and current results in nitroxides as spin probes, and as redox probes and spin traps. These chapters form the basis for the subsequent more detailed studies of nitroxides in physicochemistry, while the final chapters concentrate on the advantages of magnetic materials on the basis of nitroxides. Finally, the concluding chapter considers the rapidly developing field of biomedical, therapeutic and clinical applications. With more than 1,100 references to essential literature, this volume provides fundamental knowledge of instrumentation, data interpretation, capacity and recent advantages of nitroxide applications, allowing readers to understand how nitroxides can help them in solving their own problems.
“Yasu was simply crazy. But no crazier than the rest of the war.” Rui Umezawa’s first novel weaves in and out of the lives of three generations of the Hayakawa family, starting during World War II in Japan and ending in present-day Toronto. The story is tragic, hilarious, lyrical and universal, tracing the legacy of war and the past on one family’s fortunes and memories. Film director Atom Egoyan says: “This ambitious debut creates a dense world of overlapping events -- from the smallest details of domestic life to the grandest scale of atrocity and horror. Rui Umezawa presents this unique world of cause and effect with a carefully harnessed sense of despair, yearning and beauty.” Maimed physically and emotionally, Shoji Hayakawa leaves the devastation of post-war Japan and moves to the University of Milwaukee to teach physics. His father, Yasujiro, was the doctor in the village of Kitagawa, and an outspoken pacifist in dangerous times. Shoji and his wife Mitsuyo still recall their wartime childhood: bartering for food, evacuation to the countryside, returning to the burnt remains of the cities. Transplanted into suburban America, Mitsuyo’s mother will watch life through the windows, marvelling at how absurdly people act even when they have everything they need: food, water, clothes, and no bombs. Shoji has two sons, Toshi and Kei. Toshi is a gentle boy but sees the world with an abnormal intensity. Objects seem to speak to him. He has to lock himself in a closet to concentrate on his homework, and lies face down in the school corridor with his forehead pressed against the cool linoleum to calm himself. Exuberant but noisy, he is stopped from taking piano lessons. He is an embarrassment to his mother and to his angry brother Kei, who leaves for Canada to build a career as a rock musician. Mitsuyo, so demanding of Kei, considers Toshi insane and never expects anything of him. Yet Toshi, full of imagination, finds humour and wonder in the world. Quill and Quire called The Truth About Death and Dying an extraordinary first novel that “falls somewhere between Thomas Wolfe and Monty Python.” The absurd sense of humour, the unforgettably comic scenes -- such as Yasu emerging naked from the bathroom clutching mushrooms, or dancing in the bomb shelter -- are inextricably entwined with tragic memories. With the dark shadows of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as well as Pearl Harbor always present, this novel examines how our sense of what is normal and what is crazy can be skewed, especially in times of war. Of the passages that take place in wartime Japan, the author says they “owe most of their details to what was told to me by my parents, and to Japanese movies and comic books set during World War II. I grew up with stories of the war and pacifism, both at home and in the Japanese media. My father was never conscripted to fight, because he excelled so much at science and the government felt he would be more useful in a lab than on a battlefield…. My father would often recount, however, having to run and take shelter from bombs while going to university in Nagoya. For the rest of his life, he refused to watch war movies, because the whistling sound of bombs falling frightened him terribly.” “When I think about Japan in relation to the Second World War, more often then not, I’m remembering people who were treated like animals in Japanese POW camps. Or the Chinese who suffered tremendously at the hands of the Japanese military in places like Nanjing or Manchuria…. However, one of the things I think the book illustrates is this: Japanese wartime atrocities were unforgivable, but at the same time, Japanese civilians like my father were suffering too.”
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