This book provides an account of an original educational philosophy, developed by one of the most significant philosophers of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, Roy Bhaskar. Though he directed his attention to wider matters than education, his philosophy has implications for the way we can understand how the world is structured and in turn how we can transform it to accommodate a desire for a better arrangement of resources for human well-being. It is thus both a theory of mind and world and in addition, a theory of education. Roy Bhaskar’s philosophy has a view on the following important matters: intentionality, agential capacity, materialism, the possibility of describing and changing the world, progression, education and the lifecourse, essentialism and human nature, pedagogy, knowledge and knowledge-development, the formation of the self, curricular aims and objectives, being with other people, the self in the learning process, the relationship between the self (or agency) and the environment, stratification, emergence, representation and its different modes, structures and mechanisms, the dialectic and criticality.
Reflections on meta-Reality is now widely regarded as a landmark in contemporary philosophy. It initiates the philosophy of meta-Reality, the third main phase of Roy Bhaskar’s philosophical thoughts, after original or basic critical realism and dialectical critical realism. Originally published in 2002 and based on talks given in India, Europe and America, Roy Bhaskar presents his new philosophy of meta-Reality as a radical extension, systematic development and proleptic completion of critical realism. This brilliant series of studies contains seminal and far-reaching discussions of critical realism and the nature of being; an incisive and limpid account of modernity, modernism and post-modernism; a sublime discourse on the nature of the self and compelling considerations on the relationship between social science and self-realization. Together, they demonstrate the ubiquity of transcendental phenomena in everyday life and the orientation of enlightenment towards collective human emancipation and universal self-realization. A new introduction to this edition by Mervyn Hartwig, founding editor of The Journal of Critical Realism and editor of A Dictionary of Critical Realism (Routledge, 2007), describes the context, significance and impact of Reflections on meta-Reality, and supplies an expert guide to its content. This book is essential reading for students and practitioners in both philosophy and the human sciences.
From Science to Emancipation: Alienation and the Actuality of Enlightenment is the second of three books elaborating Roy Bhaskar’s new philosophy of metaReality, which appeared in rapid succession in 2002. With a new introduction from Mervyn Hartwig, this book contains some of the original transcripts and the questions and answers they provoked, from a variety of lecture and workshop tours Roy Bhaskar presented for Indian audiences before this book was first published. Because of the spontaneous and informal nature of these talks and discussions, this book continues to provide the most immediate and accessible introduction to Roy Bhaskar's philosophy as it charts his intellectual journey. The talks recorded here have retained an immediate local but also deeply universal interest. From Science to Emancipation provides an indispensible resource for all students of philosophy and the human sciences.
At the outset, the author of the book welcomes his supervisor Prof. Prof (Dr.) G. S. Roy who has joined me as coauthors of this text, a credit which would have been given earlier to them as they were helping in a latent way in the evolution of the book for the past five years. Five years have elapsed on the intellectual journey of writing a PhD thesis e-book in title “Hall Effect on the Magnetohydrodynamic Flow of Some Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Conducting Fluids” in subject of physics. As Magnetohydrodynamic Flow is growing at a dazzling pace, this edition has been demanding in a different way. In this 1st edition, the book has been thoroughly described, enlarged and updated with Magnetohydrodynamic Flow. Gratitude is expressed to the students and teachers, both from India and abroad, who have sent in their valuable suggestions which have been given due consideration. We are sincerely thankful to our publisher, Newredmars Education. We are also deeply indebted to my guide Prof. Dr. G. S. Roy for his sustained support of this endeavour from its inception; his wisdom has made all the difference. Healthy criticism and suggestions for further improvement of the book are solicited.
This series of interviews, conducted in the form of exchanges between Roy Bhaskar and Mervyn Hartwig, tells a riveting story of the formation and development of critical realism. Three intersecting and interweaving narratives unfold in the course of this unfinished story: the personal narrative of Roy Bhaskar, born of an Indian father and English mother, a child of post-war Britain and Indian partition and independence; the intellectual narrative of the emergence and growth of critical realism; and a world-historical story, itself theorized by critical realism in its discussion of the development of modernity. This book gives an invaluable account of the development of critical realism, and its consolidation as a leading philosophy of our times. It takes us through the major moments of its formation, the principal objections to and controversies within critical realism, the establishment of its institutions, and considers its limits and future development. Special features of the book include discussion of the genesis of critical realism, and the origins and nature of the so-called dialectical and spiritual turns. The informal dialogical style of The Formation of Critical Realism makes it compelling reading and an invaluable source for students of critical realism as well as all those interested in the intellectual story of our times.
This thesis deals with the development and in-depth study of a new class of optoelectronic material platform comprising graphene and MoS_2, in which MoS_2 is used essentially to sensitize graphene and lead to unprecedently high gain and novel opto-electronic memory effects. The results presented here open up the possibility of designing a new class of photosensitive devices which can be utilized in various optoelectronic applications including biomedical sensing, astronomical sensing, optical communications, optical quantum information processing and in applications requiring low intensity photodetection and number resolved single photon detection.
An everyman flair makes history most authentic and intensely gripping. Nothing captures more gnawingly the acute scarcity in the wake of two successive wars—with China in 1962 and Pakistan in 1965—than the lengthening lines outside ration shops. Fifty Year Road is Bhaskar Roy’s look-back moment, but more crucially, it’s the less-focused account of India that often gets overlooked by historiographers. The Naxalbari uprising, in perspective, was the first and fiercest far-left challenge to the Indian state, born out of deep disillusion of the republic’s first generation with the robust dream come crashing. Each of the subsequent upheavals has had untold sides too: the Bangladesh Liberation War, the 1974 rail strike, the Emergency, Indira assassination, Rajiv Gandhi years, economic reforms, Ayodhya demolition, Sonia Gandhi and Manmohan Singh’s stewardship of the UPA, and Narendra Modi’s inexorable ride to power. Because it’s an ordinary man’s memoir, the narrative gets intertwined with the Indian chronicle. The big and powerful amplify their lives and achievements; a journalist captures the tone and tension of his times. The book pulsates with the author’s emotions and the nation’s pain and possibility as well.
Inequalities in educational opportunity have been a persistent feature of all school systems for generations, with conventional explanations of differences in educational attainment tending to be reduced to either quantitative or non-quantitative 'list' theories. In this groundbreaking book, Roy Nash argues that a realist framework for the sociological explanation of educational group differences can, and must be, constructed. A move to such an explanatory framework will allow us to take into account the social influences of early childhood development, the later emergence of social identities, and the nature of the social class impact of educational and career decision-making. By building on the critical analyses of the theories of Bourdieu, Boudon and Bernstein, this book makes a vital contribution to the current policy and theoretical debate about the causes of educational inequality.
LAND OF THE MARATHAS, WESTERN INDIA, 17TH CENTURY For the first time in over three centuries, the Maratha homeland has seen one of its own sons crowned as a sovereign King. The coronation of Maharaj Shivaji Raje Bhosale as the first Maratha Chhatrapati, has added a new political power in the Deccan, and changed the course of Indian history. Chhatrapati Shivaji expands his holdings, first along the west coast, and later along the east coast of the Indian peninsula, in systematically planned and brilliantly executed military campaigns that leave both the Adilshahi and the Mughal Empire dumbfounded. In a year-long campaign into the Adilshahi Karnatak, the Chhatrapati first befriends the Qutubshah, then annexes an entire district, as well as his father’s former estates, subduing his rebellious half-brother. He returns victorious, having changed the political, social and economic future of the South. The true impact of this phenomenal campaign will be felt years after his death, when Aurangzeb launches his final war against the Marathas, and these southern lands provide a safe haven for the Chhatrapati’s younger son. Following his return from this whirlwind campaign, the Chhatrapati struggles to come to terms with his own health, and family strife. Troubled by the growing discord between his eldest son, Sambhaji, and his chief wife, Soyarabai, as also the widening chasm between Sambhaji and his ministers, he loses hope that his beloved Swarajya will hold its own after his demise. Finally, with no solution to the domestic crisis in view, Chhatrapati Shivaji, the extraordinary man, who inspired millions to rebel against bigoted foreign rulers, and established a free state for his people, breathes his last and passes into Legend.
The Semantics of Science proposes a radical new rethinking of science and scientific discourse. Roy Harris argues that supercategories such as science, art, religion and history are themselves verbal constructs, and thus language-dependent. Because each supercategory is constructed differently, it is necessary to pay attention to the linguistic process by which a discourse such as 'science' has developed. Through this view it is possible to observe that the function of the supercategory is to integrate what would otherwise be separate activities and enquiries, and the result of this integration is therefore a re-drawing of the intellectual world that society as a whole adopts. In the course of his study of The Semantics of Science Roy Harris looks at the history and development of scientific discourse to show through language that what is meant by science has changed since it was first theorised by the Greeks. Harris traces the semantic development of 'science' through the years of the Royal Society to the present day, moving on to an analysis of rhetoric, mathematics, common sense and finally the supercategory of semantics. This lucidly written yet radical new theory on the language of science will be fascinating reading for academics and students researching semantics, semiotics or applied linguistics.
India is the world's tenth largest economy and possesses the world's fourth largest military. The subcontinent houses about one-fifth of the world's population and its inhabitants are divided into various tribes, clans and ethnic groups following four great religions: Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, and Islam. Framing the debate using case studies from across the region as well as China, Afghanistan and Burma and using a wealth of primary and secondary sources this incisive volume takes a closer look at the organization and doctrines of the 'shadow armies' and the government forces which fight the former. Arranged in a thematic manner, each chapter critically asks; Why stateless marginal groups rebel? How do states attempt to suppress them? What are the consequences in the aftermath of the conflict especially in relation to conflict resolution and peace building? Unconventional Warfare in South Asia is a welcomed addition to the growing field of interest on civil wars and insurgencies in South Asia. An indispensable read which will allow us to better understand whether South Asia is witnessing a 'New War' and whether the twenty-first century belongs to the insurgents.
Since the 1970s, critical realism has grown to address a range of subjects, including economics, philosophy, science, and religion. It has become a complex and mature philosophy. Enlightened Common Sense: The Philosophy of Critical Realism looks back over this development in one concise and accessible volume. The late Roy Bhaskar was critical realism’s philosophical originator and chief exponent. He draws on a lifetime’s experience to give a definitive, systematic account of this increasingly influential, international and multidisciplinary approach. Critical realism’s key element has always been its vindication and deepening of our understanding of ontology. Arguing that realist ontology is inexorable in knowledge and action, Bhaskar sees this as the key to a new enlightened common sense. From the definition of critical realism and its applicability in the social sciences, to explanation of dialectical critical realism and the philosophy of metaReality, this is the essential introduction for students of critical realism.
Between 1914, when the Great War began, and 1924, when the Ottoman Caliphate ended, British and Indian officials and activists reformulated political ideas in the context of total war in the Middle East, Gandhian mass mobilisation, and the 1919 Amritsar massacre. Using discussions on travel, spatiality, and landscape as an entry point, The First World War, Anticolonialism and Imperial Authority in British India, 1914–1924 discusses the complex politics of late colonial India and the waning of imperial enthusiasm. This book presents a multifaceted picture of Indian politics at a time when total war and resurgent anticolonial activism were reshaping assumptions about state power, culture, and resistance.
In this radical book, Roy Bhaskar expands his philosophy of critical realism with an audacious re-synthesis of many aspects of Western and Eastern thought. Arguing that the existence of God provides the fundamental structure of the world, he renders plausible ideas of reincarnation, karma and moksha or liberation. Originally published in the year of the millennium, From East to West continues to be a groundbreaking and fundamental work within the critical realist tradition. Stimulating debate in ontology, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy and the philosophy of religion, this book has been influential as a major new development in critical realism. This second edition contains a new introduction from Mervyn Hartwig, who is the founding editor of the Journal of Critical Realism and editor and principal author of the Dictionary of Critical Realism.
Desperate for survival in the rude city, Rita is fortunate to get hired as a household help by a retired diplomat. At that moment, Arijit Basu does not know that she is an undocumented migrant. Convulsed by a marauding tide of events, the two are reduced to wrecks. Arijit's fiancée, Nandita, fights bravely to recover the vulnerable girl from the circles of evil. The outcome of this struggle irrevocably impacts their lives. Lyrical, epic and devastating, Border Crossers brings into sharp relief the many shades of terror and religious intolerance that shape the subcontinent.
In this concise text, Roy Bhaskar sets out to diagnose, explain and resolve the "problems of philosophy". Plato Etc. reviews all the main areas of the subject: the theory of knowledge and philosophy of science; the philosophy of logic and language; the philosophies of space, time and causality; the philosophy of the social and life sciences and of dialectic; ethics, politics and aesthetics; and the history and sociology of philosophy. Among the issues discussed are the problems of induction and universals, the question of relativism, Heidegger’s "scandal of philosophy" (the search for a proof of the reality of the external world), the nature of moral truth and the conundrum of free will and determinism. The last two chapters consist of a synoptic account of the development of Western philosophy from the pre-Socratics to poststructuralism. Plato Etc. seeks to revindicate the philosophical project, and to demonstrate that the author’s "dialectical critical realism" has the categorical power to remedy the problem fields of philosophy. The book serves both as a critical introduction to philosophy and as an invaluable resource for the scholar.
This is an inspiratory fact of our family. This book highlights the positivity of life. To enrich further the positivity of life, I wish to imbibe the spirit of survival with a poetic line from a poem by Sri Rabindranath Tagore which states, “No one should fear the black cloud in the sky, you all know that there is always the shining Sun behind the cloud.” It is you and only you who is the architect of your own fate. This book is a gift to my grandson, to guide him when he finds himself in tough times.
This book on the philosophy of critical realism and meta-Reality and its development is based on conversations between Roy Bhaskar, the originator of the philosophy, and Savita Singh, a distinguished Indian poet and social theorist. The wide range of topics covered include the priority of being over thought, reversing the traditional emphasis in the West; transcendence as an everyday phenomenon; the prefiguration of the good society in the characteristic labour of women; the metacritique of Nietzsche and Derrida, and of Marx and Marxism; recognition and immortality; and the principle of hermeticism: there is no authority but yourself. The book will appeal to anyone wanting to understand Roy Bhaskar’s thought, and offers a valuable resource for students and scholars interested in critical realism and its development.
In this book, the authors provide a much-needed general theory of interdisciplinarity and relate it to health/wellbeing research and professional practice. In so doing they make it possible for practitioners of the different disciplines to communicate without contradiction or compromise, resolving the tensions that beset much interdisciplinary work. Such a general theory is only possible if we assume that there is more to being (ontology) than empirical being (what we can measure directly). Therefore, the unique approach to interdisciplinarity applied in this book starts from ontology, namely that there is a multimechanismicity (a multiplicity of mechanisms) in open systems, and then moves to epistemology. By contrast, the mainstream approach, which fails to acknowledge ontology, is “unserious” and tends to result in a methodological hierarchy, unconducive of interdisciplinarity, in which empiricist science is overtly or tacitly assumed to be the superior version of science. This book is primarily aimed at those people interested in improving health and wellbeing – such as researchers, policy-makers, educators, and general practitioners. However, it will also be useful to academics engaged in the broader academic debate on interdisciplinary metatheory.
The attitude of sharing global problems and being part of its solution in one's own capacity and competence is, in essence, Social Responsibility today. Businesses are no exceptions, in fact, they are, more than any other time in history, expected to take larger responsibilities of their actions and impacts along their own supply chains and contribute their bit to alleviating some of the worst challenges the planet and its people are facing. The emphasis is on demonstrable differences they make. In India, the revisions done to the Companies Act, especially pertaining to the CSR done by Indian companies echo this sentiment. While stipulating definitive themes of developmental and social areas where companies can do CSR related work, a great emphasis is laid on concrete plans and tangible results, making CSR in the country a significant tool in national development and a strategy to contribute to global goals. The book, in its writing, has attempted to bring these renewed perspectives to the reader with real-world insights into related company practices.
The book, A Journey of Life with Divine Blessings, is an autobiography of Prof. Dr. G.K. Roy, a pioneer teacher, professor and engineer in technology education in Odisha. The biography depicts his life and times, along with his memories and takes on important events in Odisha, India and the global technical space spanning a period of over five decades through the second half of the twentieth century. The book goes beyond the scope of a biography, to a chronicling of events in the building of a technical institute and thus is as much about the author's professional journey as that of the story of the making of technical institution of global repute. An avid traveller the book also offers some personal vignettes on the author's many pilgrimages across India covering almost every major shrine in the Hindu pantheon of religious places.
Serves As A Text For The Treatment Of Topics In The Field Of Electric Networks Which Are Considered As Foundation In Electrical Engineering For Undergraduate Students. Includes Detailed Coverage Of Network Theorems, Topology, Analogous Systems And Fourier Transforms. Employs Laplace Transform Solution Of Differential Equations. Contains Material On Two-Port Networks, Classical Filters, Passive Synthesis. Includes State Variable Formulation Of Network Problems. Wide Coverage On Convolution Integral, Transient Response And Frequency Domain Analysis. Given Digital Computer Program For Varieties Of Problems Pertaining To Networks And Systems. Each Topic Is Covered In Depth From Basic Concepts. Given Large Number Of Solved Problems For Better Understanding The Theory. A Large Number Of Objective Type Questions And Solutions To Selected Problems Given In Appendix.
This book presents a socio-economic analysis of the issues linking technological innovation in providing arsenic-safe drinking water in rural areas. It presents concrete field based experiences of experiments and case studies depicting the plight and sufferings of people due to failed technological deployment strategies over the past two decades in West Bengal, the most arsenic-exposed state in India and also the first to act for remediation of the crisis. One of the greatest challenges in arsenic-exposed zones is to provide sustainable access to reliably arsenic-safe free water. For nearly twenty years the Government of India and national water distribution institutions in collaboration with multi-lateral funding agencies have sought to pump in money, push technology collected through global tenders, and enlist the support of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), but their efforts have yielded little success. This book is the outcome of the authors’ intensive fieldwork, guided by the conceptual framework of the latest literature on environmental economics and consumer behaviour. It presents a framework and estimates based on field level primary data. Secondary official source-based data are also collated from various scattered sources into a valuable, comprehensive collection. Lastly, the book includes a revealing analysis of factors affecting households’ participation.
This book explores the historical roots of rapid economic growth in South Asia, with reference to politics, markets, resources, and the world economy. Roy posits that, after an initial slow period of growth between 1950 and the 1980s, the region has been growing rapidly and fast catching up with the world on average levels of living. Why did this turnaround happen? Does it matter? Is it sustainable? The author answers these questions by drawing connections, comparisons, and parallels between the five large countries in the region: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. It shows why, despite differences in political experience between these countries, similarities in resources and markets could produce similar trajectories. Home to a fifth of the world’s population, South Asia’s transformation has the power to change the world. Most accounts of the process focus on individual nations, but by breaking out of that mould, Roy takes on the region as a whole, and delivers a radical new interpretation of why the economy of South Asia is changing so fast.
In this book, the authors provide a much-needed general theory of interdisciplinarity and relate it to health/wellbeing research and professional practice. In so doing they make it possible for practitioners of the different disciplines to communicate without contradiction or compromise, resolving the tensions that beset much interdisciplinary work. Such a general theory is only possible if we assume that there is more to being (ontology) than empirical being (what we can measure directly). Therefore, the unique approach to interdisciplinarity applied in this book starts from ontology, namely that there is a multimechanismicity (a multiplicity of mechanisms) in open systems, and then moves to epistemology. By contrast, the mainstream approach, which fails to acknowledge ontology, is “unserious” and tends to result in a methodological hierarchy, unconducive of interdisciplinarity, in which empiricist science is overtly or tacitly assumed to be the superior version of science. This book is primarily aimed at those people interested in improving health and wellbeing – such as researchers, policy-makers, educators, and general practitioners. However, it will also be useful to academics engaged in the broader academic debate on interdisciplinary metatheory.
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