New computational design tools have evolved rapidly and been increasingly applied in the field of design in recent years, complimenting and even replacing the traditional design media and approaches. Design as both the process and product are changing due to the emergence and adoption of these new technologies. Understanding and assessing the impact of these new computational design environments on design and designers is important for advancing design in the contemporary context. Do these new computational environments support or hinder design creativity? How do those tools facilitate designers’ thinking? Such knowledge is also important for the future development of design technologies. Research shows that design is never a mysterious non-understandable process, for example, one general view is that design process shares a common analysis-synthesis-evaluation model, during which designers interact between design problem and solution spaces. Understanding designers’ thinking in different environments is the key to design research, education and practice. This book focuses on emerging computational design environments, whose impact on design and designers have not been comprehensively and systematically studied. It comprises three parts. The history and recent developments of computational design technologies are introduced in Part I. The main categories of technologies cover from computer-aided drafting and modelling tools, to visual programming and scripting tools for algorithmic design, to advanced interfaces and platforms for interactions between designers, between designers and computers, and between the virtual environment and the physical reality. To critically explore design thinking, especially in these new computational design environments, formal approaches to studying design thinking and design cognition are introduced and compared in Part II, drawing on literature and studies from the 70s to the current era. Part III concludes the book by exploring the impact of different computational design technologies on design and designers, using a series of case studies conducted by the author team building on their close collaboration over the past five years. The book offers new insights into designers’ thinking in the rapidly evolving computational design environments, which have not been critically and systematically studied and reported in the current literature. The book is meant for design researchers, educators and students, professional practitioners and consultants, as well as people who are interested in computational design in general.
This book provides a systematic treatment of the theoretical foundation and algorithmic tools necessary in the design of energy-efficient algorithms and protocols in wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs). These problems addressed in the book are of both fundamental and practical importance. Specifically, the book delivers a comprehensive treatment on the following problems ranging from theoretical modeling and analysis, to practical algorithm design and optimization: energy-efficient clustering-based leader election algorithms in WBSNs; MAC protocol for duty-cycling WBSNs with concurrent traffic; multi-channel broadcast algorithms in duty-cycling WBSNs; and energy-efficient sleep scheduling algorithms in WBSNs. Target readers of the book are researchers and advanced-level engineering students interested in acquiring in-depth knowledge on the topic and on WBSNs and their applications, both from theoretical and engineering perspective.
Local-level social governance is fundamentally linked to societal harmony and stability and to the aspiration for a better life among the populace. It has been garnering increasing attention from all sectors of society. The 20th National Conference of the Chinese Communist Party proposed to "improve the local-level social governance system, promote the modernization of local-level governance, and ensure that society is both vibrant and well-ordered," highlighting that the new era's urban and rural governance system is an organic integration of self-governance, the rule of law, and moral governance. Simultaneously, as a nation with a long and rich history composed of multiple ethnic groups, China exhibits structural differences in geographical location, levels of economic development, and cultural practices. These disparities lead to the diversity and complexity of local-level social governance, providing fertile ground for extensive research in this field. Since the mid-20th century, social governance has gradually evolved into a focal topic within academic research, encompassing multiple disciplines such as sociology, political science, anthropology, law, and management. The interplay between institutions and culture in governance practice—and its impact on the effectiveness of local-level social governance—permeates related research across all these fields. The rise of new institutionalism since the 1980s has repositioned institutional factors at the forefront of social science research, considering cultural elements like values, norms, and beliefs as critical variables in institutions' formation, maintenance, and transformation. In anthropological studies, culture has consistently been considered an essential factor in understanding social behavior and organization. Cultural symbols and systems of meaning manifest differently across various societies, thereby shaping diverse social structures and governance models. This book explores the complexity of local-level social governance by examining cultural and institutional factors, using the endogenous motivation and real needs of local communities as a central theme.
This book presents techniques such as the robust control and nonlinearity approximation using linear-parameter-varying (LPV) techniques. Meanwhile, the control of independently driven electric vehicles and autonomous vehicles is introduced. It covers a comprehensive literature review, robust state estimation with uncertain measurements, sideslip angle estimation with finite-frequency optimization, fault detection of vehicle steering systems, output-feedback control of in-wheel motor-driven electric vehicles, robust path following control with network-induced issues, and lateral motion control with the consideration of actuator saturation. This book is a good reference for researchers and engineers working on control of electric vehicles.
Learning-Based Local Visual Representation and Indexing, reviews the state-of-the-art in visual content representation and indexing, introduces cutting-edge techniques in learning based visual representation, and discusses emerging topics in visual local representation, and introduces the most recent advances in content-based visual search techniques. - Discusses state-of-the-art procedures in learning-based local visual representation. - Shows how to master the basic techniques needed for building a large-scale visual search engine and indexing system - Provides insight into how machine learning techniques can be leveraged to refine the visual recognition system, especially in the part of visual feature representation.
This book tells about an exemplary high school Chinese language arts teacher’s effort in nurturing lifelong readers and writers under the test-driven culture in China’s society. It looks closely at his everyday literacy practices, focuses on his ways of creating authentic reading and writing spaces for students beyond test preparation. With the lens of social constructivism, the case study reveals his efforts of creating safe learning environment, modeling his literate life, connecting real life with literacy learning, and building a school-wide literate life for students. Furthermore, he also collaborates with other Chinese language arts faculty and reaches out to school administrators and educators to gain any potential teaching resource for students. The findings indicate exemplary teachers are not only equipped with professional knowledge but also inter/intrapersonal knowledge and practical knowledge in their teaching career, which might be enlightening in today’s high-stakes testing culture. The book will appeal to scholars of literacy education and teacher education, as well as pre-service and in-service teachers.
Learning-Based Local Visual Representation and Indexing, reviews the state-of-the-art in visual content representation and indexing, introduces cutting-edge techniques in learning based visual representation, and discusses emerging topics in visual local representation, and introduces the most recent advances in content-based visual search techniques. - Discusses state-of-the-art procedures in learning-based local visual representation. - Shows how to master the basic techniques needed for building a large-scale visual search engine and indexing system - Provides insight into how machine learning techniques can be leveraged to refine the visual recognition system, especially in the part of visual feature representation.
This book provides a systematic treatment of the theoretical foundation and algorithmic tools necessary in the design of energy-efficient algorithms and protocols in wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs). These problems addressed in the book are of both fundamental and practical importance. Specifically, the book delivers a comprehensive treatment on the following problems ranging from theoretical modeling and analysis, to practical algorithm design and optimization: energy-efficient clustering-based leader election algorithms in WBSNs; MAC protocol for duty-cycling WBSNs with concurrent traffic; multi-channel broadcast algorithms in duty-cycling WBSNs; and energy-efficient sleep scheduling algorithms in WBSNs. Target readers of the book are researchers and advanced-level engineering students interested in acquiring in-depth knowledge on the topic and on WBSNs and their applications, both from theoretical and engineering perspective.
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