Through case studies that examine historical and contemporary crises across the world, the contributing writers to this volume explore the cultural and social construction of trauma. How do some events get coded as traumatic and others which seem equally painful and dramatic not? Why do culpable groups often escape being categorised as perpetrators? These are just some of the important questions answered in this collection. Some of the cases analysed include Mao's China, the Holocaust, the Katyn Massacre and the Kosovo trauma. Expanding the pioneering cultural approach to trauma, this book will be of interest to scholars and postgraduate students of sociology.
The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) is a modern social drama that enabled the nation's apartheid past to be constructed as a cultural trauma, and by doing so created a new collective narrative of diversity and inclusion. The TRC relied primarily on testimonies from victims and perpetrators of apartheid violence who came forward to tell their stories in a public forum. Rather than simply serving as data for setting the historical record straight, this book shows that it was not only the content of these testimonies but also how these stories were told and what values were attached to them that became significant. Goodman argues that the performative nature of the TRC process effectively designated the past as profane and simultaneously imagined a sacred future community based on democratic idealism and universal solidarity.
The cultural and performative turns in social theory have enlivened sociology. For the first time these new developments are fully integrated into new approaches to the sociology of the arts in this important new book. Building on the established research into art worlds, what is interesting for the new sociology of the arts, understood in the broad sense to include popular culture as well the classical focus on music, painting, and literature, is the relationship between art works and meaning, myth, and performance. Also reflected in these rich essays, which range from Beethoven to John Lennon to Chinese avant garde artists, is the lived experience of the artist and its impact on the process of creation and innovation.
While the newspaper op-ed page, the Sunday morning political talk shows on television, and the evening cable-news television lineup have an obvious and growing influence in American politics and political communication, social scientists and media scholars tend to be broadly critical of the rise of organized punditry during the 20th century without ever providing a close empirical analysis. What is the nature of the contemporary space of opinion? How has it developed historically? What kinds of people speak in this space? What styles of writing and speech do they use? What types of authority and expertise do they draw on? And what impact do their commentaries have on public debate? To describe and analyze this complex space of news media, Ronald Jacobs and Eleanor Townsley rely on enormous samples of opinion collected from newspapers and television shows during the first years of the last two Presidential administrations. They also employ biographical data on authors of opinion to connect specific argument styles to specific types of authors, and examine the distribution of authors and argument types across different formats. The result is a close mapping that reveals a massive expansion and differentiation of the opinion space. It tells a complex story of shifting intersections between journalism, politics, the academy, and the new sector of think tanks. It also reveals a proliferation of genres and forms of opinion; not only have the people who speak within the space of opinion become more diverse over time, but the formats of opinion-claims to authority, styles of speech, and modes of addressing publics-have also become more varied. Though Jacobs and Townsley find many changes, they also find continuities. Despite public anxieties, the project of objective journalism is alive and well, thriving in the older, more traditional formats, and if anything, the proliferation of newer formats has resulted in an intensified commitment (by some) to core journalistic values as clear points of difference that offer competing logics of distinction and professional justification. But the current moment does represent a real challenge as more and different shows compete to narrate politics in the most compelling, authoritative, and influential manner. By providing the first systematic study of media opinion and news commentary, The Space of Opinion will fill an important gap on research about media, politics, and the civil society and will attract readers in a number of disciplines, including sociology, communication, media studies, and political science.
Not just another film guide–this is a visual road map to the best cinema has to offer. A comprehensive, fun to browse, and easy-to-use source for everything you need to know about movies and the people behind them. From Hollywood to Bollywood, the unique approach will explore every aspect of film and provide pointers on how to watch and understand films of different types, styles, and periods.Covers the history of film, from celluloid to the virtual world of digital FXProfiles the most important historical and contemporary directors, actors, producers, studios, and moreHighlights the top 100 “cornerstone movies” and contains an extensive trivia sectionDetails the principles behind film making styles, from sci-fi to romantic comedy
In The Roots of Ethnicity, Ronald R. Atkinson argues that although colonial rule and its aftermath have played a major role in shaping the particular manifestations of ethnicity in Africa, many sociohistorical developments crucial to current expressions of ethnicity can be traced to a past long before the colonial period. Atkinson develops his argument through an exhaustive examination of the origins of the collective identity of the Acholi of present-day northern Uganda. His study makes clear that by the time of European conquest the essential foundations and the crucial parameters for the evolution of Acholi society and ethnic consciousness had long been established. In presenting his argument for the need to extend the existing scholarship on ethnicity in Africa beyond its twentieth-century focus, Atkinson provides what is perhaps the most detailed reconstruction and analysis yet available of the pre-1800 evolution of an African sociopolitical order. Beyond these contributions to the study of African history, The Roots of Ethnicity provides an extended case study in and a convincing argument for the use of oral sources in the reconstruction and interpretation of the African past. It will be of interest to students and scholars of anthropology, history, and African studies, as well as to all those interested in ethnicity and the politics of identity.
The aim of this book is to highlight and begin to give 'voice' to some of the notable 'silences' evident in recent years in the study of contentious politics. The seven co-authors take up seven specific topics in the volume: the relationship between emotions and contention; temporality in the study of contention; the spatial dimensions of contention; leadership in contention; the role of threat in contention; religion and contention; and contention in the context of demographic and life-course processes. The seven spent three years involved in an ongoing project designed to take stock, and attempt a partial synthesis, of various literatures that have grown up around the study of non-routine or contentious politics. As such, it is likely to be viewed as a groundbreaking volume that not only undermines conventional disciplinary understanding of contentious politics, but also lays out a number of provocative new research agendas.
This first historical account of the free school movement of the 1960s documents the formation of hundreds of small, independent schools across the United States that marked a turning point in American education. The book revisits and interprets the radical democratic educational vision behind those schools through the works of some of the authors of that time such as John Holt, A. S. Neill, Paul Goodman, and George Dennison. These authors—and the thousands of educators, parents, and young people who took part in the free school movement—passionately advocated for students' intellectual and psychological freedom, and for their autonomy and individuality in a society they saw as increasingly standardized and corporately managed. Although free school ideology was renounced during the conservative restoration of the 1970s and 1980s, and the once popular literature is now largely forgotten, Miller argues that radical educational critique is especially relevant in today's educational climate, in light of the standards movement, high stakes testing, school violence and its suppression, and corporate influence over the curriculum.
This pivot analyzes the historical emergence of legal graffiti and how it has led to a new ethos among writers. Examining how contemporary graffiti writing has been brought into new relationships with major social institutions, it explores the contemporary dynamics between graffiti, society, the art world and social media, paying particular attention to how New York City’s political elite has reacted to graffiti. Despite its major structural transformation, officials in New York continue to construe graffiti writing culture as a monolithic, criminal enterprise, a harbinger of economic and civic collapse. This basic paradox – persistent state opposition to legal forms of graffiti that continue to gain social acceptance – is found in many other major cities throughout the globe, especially those that have embraced neoliberal forms of governance. The author accounts for the cultural conflicts that graffiti consistently engenders by theorizing the political and economic advantages that elites secure by endorsing strong 'anti-graffiti' positions.
Surviving the Holocaust is a compelling sociological account of two brothers who survived the Holocaust in Nazi-occupied Poland. One brother, the author’s father, endured several concentration camps, including the infamous camp at Auschwitz, as well as a horrific winter death march; while the other brother, the author’s uncle, survived outside the camps by passing as a Catholic among anti-Semitic Poles, including a group of anti-Nazi Polish Partisans, eventually becoming an officer in the Soviet army. As an exemplary "theorized life history," Surviving the Holocaust applies concepts from life course theory to interpret the trajectories of the brothers’ lives, enhancing this approach with insights from agency-structure and collective memory theory. Challenging the conventional wisdom that survival was simply a matter of luck, it highlights the prewar experiences, agentive decision-making and risk-taking, and collective networks that helped the brothers elude the death grip of the Nazi regime. Surviving the Holocaust also shows how one family’s memory of the Holocaust is commingled with the memories of larger collectivities, including nations-states and their institutions, and how the memories of individual survivors are infused with collective symbolic meaning.
From Washington Square Park and the Gaslight Café to WNYC Radio and Folkways Records, New York City's cultural, artistic, and commercial assets helped to shape a distinctively urban breeding ground for the folk music revival of the 1950s and 60s. Folk City explores New York's central role in fueling the nationwide craze for folk music in postwar America. It involves the efforts of record company producers and executives, club owners, concert promoters, festival organizers, musicologists, agents and managers, editors and writers - and, of course, musicians and audiences. In Folk City, authors Stephen Petrus and Ron Cohen capture the exuberance of the times and introduce readers to a host of characters who brought a new style to the biggest audience in the history of popular music. Among the savvy New York entrepreneurs committed to promoting folk music were Izzy Young of the Folklore Center, Mike Porco of Gerde's Folk City, and John Hammond of Columbia Records. While these and other businessmen developed commercial networks for musicians, the performance venues provided the artists space to test their mettle. The authors portray Village coffee houses not simply as lively venues but as incubators of a burgeoning counterculture, where artists from diverse backgrounds honed their performance techniques and challenged social conventions. Accessible and engaging, fresh and provocative, rich in anecdotes and primary sources, Folk City is lavishly illustrated with images collected for the accompanying major exhibition at the Museum of the City of New York in 2015.
Folk Music: TheBasics gives a brief introduction to British and American folk music. It is an excellent introduction to the players, the music, and the styles that make folk music an enduring and well-loved musical style.
Film is the world's most popular artistic medium. What began as a novelty at country fairs rapidly became the consummate art form of the twentieth century, spanning both popular culture and high art. The Film Book enables you to identify different cinematic genres, appreciate the style of celebrated directors, see how a film is made, and understand why the greatest movies deserve their reputation. The book is unique in encompassing each of these key aspects and, as such, outspans the many other guides and film companions on the market. The guide is split into seven distinct sections, each of which deals with a particular aspect of film. The first of these chapters is a detailed history of the art form over the last 120 years, charting its evolution from a musical event accompanied by pictures, through its numerous developments and innovations-talking pictures; color film; video and DVD; online films; computer-generated special effects; and the modern 3D experience. The second shows how these techniques are applied in practice, taking the reader behind the camera to explore the film-making process and find out who's who on set, offering a useful insight into how movies are brought to life. Sections 3 to 6 look at the films themselves. Providing an overview of cinematic styles and genres, the third section covers everything from westerns, musicals, and sci-fi to arthouse cinema, the avant-garde, and the cult movie, whilst the fourth compares and contrasts the major styles of international cinema, with key schools, movements, directors, and films. The fifth section profiles 100 of the film industry's greatest and most influential directors, listing their key works and assessing their cinematic legacy, whilst the sixth section discusses 100 key cinematic works which invented, extended, or reinvented the art form. The closing section of the book is an interesting, and often provocative, range of lists compiled by a variety of film associations, publications, and institutions. Comprehensive, authoritative, and written with passion and verve, The Film Book is a unique treasure-trove of a guide that will appeal to anyone who loves movies. Table of Contents Prelims (5pp) Introduction (4pp) The story of film (56pp) 1896-1919: The Birth of Cinema 1920-1929: Silence is Golden 1930-1939: The Cinema Comes of Age 1940-1949: The Cinema Goes to War 1950-1959: The Cinema Fights Back 1970-1979: Independence Days 1980-1989: The International Years 1990-: Celluloid to Digital How movies are made (20pp) Pre-production Production Post-production World cinema (52pp) Africa The Middle East Iran Eastern Europe (including Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic) The Balkans (including Yugoslavia, Bugaria, Romania, Greece, and Turkey) Russian The Nordic countries (including Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark) Germany France Italy United Kingdom Spain Portugal Canada Central America South America (including Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Chile) Australian and New Zealand China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan Japan Korea India Movie genres (52pp) Action-adventure Animation Avant-garde Biopic Comedy Costume drama Cult Disaster Documentary Epic Film Noir Gangster Horror Martial Arts Melodrama Musicals Propaganda Science Fiction and Fantasy Serials Series Teen Thrillers War Westerns 100 Key directors (92pp) Woody Allen Pedro Almodo ́var Robert Altman Michelangelo Antonioni Ingmar Bergman Bernado Bertolucci Tod Browning Luis Bun~uel Tim Burton Jane Campion Frank Capra Marcel Carne ́ Charlie Chaplin Chen Kaige Joel and Ethan Coen Francis Ford Coppola David Cronenburg George Cukor Michael Curtiz Cecil B. DeMille Jonathan Demme Brian De Palma Vittorio De Sica Stanley Donen Carl Drayer Clint Eastwood Blake Edwards Sergei Eisenstein Rainer Werner Fassbinder Federico Fellini Victor Fleming John Ford Milos Forman Abel Gance Jean-Luc Godard D.W. Griffith Howard Hawks Werner Herzog Alfred Hitchcock Hou Hsiao-Hsien John Huston Peter Jackson Elia Kazan Buster Keaton Krzysztof Kieslowski Fritz Lang David Lean Ang Lee Spike Lee Sergio Leone Ernst Lubitsch George Lucas Sidney Lumet David Lynch Alexander Mackendrick Joseph L. Mankiewicz Sam Mendes Lewis Milestone Vincente Minnelli F.W. Murnau Max Ophu ̈ls Yasujiro Ozu Georg Wilhelm Pabst Pier Paolo Pasolini Sam Peckinpah Roman Polanski Michael Powell/Emeric Pressburger Nicholas Ray Satyajit Ray Carol Reed Jean Renoir Eric Rohmer Roberto Rossellini John Schlesinger Martin Scorsese Ridley Scott Stephen Spielberg Josef von Sternberg Oliver Stone Erich von Stroheim Quentin Tarantino Andrei Tarkovsky Jacques Tati Franc ̧ois Truffaut Dziga Vertov Luchino Visconti Andrzej Wajda Raoul Walsh Peter Weir Orson Welles William Wellman Wim Wenders Billy Wilder Robert Wise John Woo William Wyler Franco Zeffirelli Zhang Yimou 100 Key Movies (52pp) Birth of a Nation (D.W. Griffith, 1915) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Robert Wiene, 1919) Nosferatu: A Symphony of Terror (F.W. Murnau, 1921) Nanook of the North (Robert Flaherty, 1922) The Battleship Potemkin (Sergei Eisenstein, 1925) Metropolis (Fritz Lang, 1926) Napole ́on (Abel Gance, 1927) An Andalucian Dog (Un Chien Andalou) (Luis Bun~uel, 1928) The Passion of Joan of Arc (Carl Dreyer, 1928) All Quiet on the Western Front (Lewis Milestone, 1930) The Blue Angel (Joseph von Sternberg, 1930) City Lights (Charlie Chaplin, 1931) 42nd Street (Lloyd Bacon, 1933) Duck Soup (Leo McCarey, 1933) King Kong (Merian Cooper/Ernest Schoedsack, 1933) L'Atalante (Jean Vigo, 1934) Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (Walt Disney, 1937) Olympia (Leni Riefenstahl, 1938) The Rules of the Game (La Re`gle du Jeu) (Jean Renoir, 1939) Gone with the Wind (Victor Fleming, 1939) The Philadelphia Story (George Cukor, 1940) His Girl Friday (Howard Hawks, 1940) The Grapes of Wrath (John Ford, 1940) Citizen Kane (Orson Welles, 1941) The Maltese Falcon (John Huston, 1941) The Little Foxes (William Wyler, 1941) To Be or Not To Be (Ernst Lubitsch, 1942) In Which We Serve (Noe ̈l Coward, 1942) Casablanca (Michael Curtiz, 1942) Ossessione (Luchino Visconti, 1942) Children of Paradise (Les Enfants du Paradis) (Marcel Carne ́, 1945) A Matter of Life and Death (Michael Powell/Emeric Pressburger, 1946) It's a Wonderful Life (Frank Capra, 1946) Bicycle Thieves (Ladri Di Biciclette) (Vittorio de Sica, 1948) Letter from an Unknown Woman (Max Ophu ̈ls, 1948) Passport to Pimlico (Henry Cornelius, 1949) The Third Man (Carol Reed, 1949) Orpheus (Orphe ́e) (Jean Cocteau, 1950) Rashomon (Akira Kurosawa, 1950) Singin' in the Rain (Gene Kelly/Stanley Donen, 1952) Tokyo Story (Yasujiro Ozu, 1953) On the Waterfront (Elia Kazan, 1954) All That Heaven Allows (Douglas Sirk, 1955) Rebel Without a Cause (Nicholas Ray, 1955) Pather Panchali (Satyajit Ray, 1955) The Night of the Hunter (Charles Laughton, 1955) The Seventh Seal (Ingmar Bergman, 1957) Vertigo (Alfred Hitchcock, 1958) Ashes and Diamonds (Andrzej Wajda, 1958) The 400 Blows (Franc ̧ois Truffaut, 1959) Some Like it Hot (Billy Wilder, 1959) Breathless (A Bout de Souffle) (Jean-Luc Godard, 1960) La Dolce Vita (Federico Fellini, 1960) Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (Karel Reisz, 1960) L'Avventura (Michelangelo Antonioni, 1960) Last Year in Marienbad (Alain Resnais, 1961) Lawrence of Arabia (David Lean, 1962) Dr. Strangelove (Stanley Kubrick, 1964) The Battle of Algiers (Gillo Pontecorvo, 1965) The Sound of Music (Robert Wise, 1965) Andrei Rublev (Andrei Tarkovsky, 1966) The Chelsea Girls (Andy Warhol, 1966) Bonnie and Clyde (Arthur Penn, 1967) The Wild Bunch (Sam Peckinpah, 1969) Easy Rider (Dennis Hopper, 1969) The Conformist (Bernardo Bertolucci, 1969) The Godfather (Francis Ford Coppola, 1972) Aguirre, Wrath of God (Werner Herzog, 1972) Nashville (Robert Altman, 1975) In the Realm of the Senses (Ai No Corrida) (Nagisa Oshima, 1976) Taxi Driver (Martin Scorsese, 1976) Annie Hall (Woody Allen, 1977)
Through case studies that examine historical and contemporary crises across the world, the contributing writers to this volume explore the cultural and social construction of trauma. How do some events get coded as traumatic and others which seem equally painful and dramatic not? Why do culpable groups often escape being categorised as perpetrators? These are just some of the important questions answered in this collection. Some of the cases analysed include Mao's China, the Holocaust, the Katyn Massacre and the Kosovo trauma. Expanding the pioneering cultural approach to trauma, this book will be of interest to scholars and postgraduate students of sociology.
The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) is a modern social drama that enabled the nation's apartheid past to be constructed as a cultural trauma, and by doing so created a new collective narrative of diversity and inclusion. The TRC relied primarily on testimonies from victims and perpetrators of apartheid violence who came forward to tell their stories in a public forum. Rather than simply serving as data for setting the historical record straight, this book shows that it was not only the content of these testimonies but also how these stories were told and what values were attached to them that became significant. Goodman argues that the performative nature of the TRC process effectively designated the past as profane and simultaneously imagined a sacred future community based on democratic idealism and universal solidarity.
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