From 1798 to 1801, during the Haitian Revolution, President John Adams and Toussaint Louverture forged diplomatic relations that empowered white Americans to embrace freedom and independence for people of color in Saint-Domingue. The United States supported the Dominguan revolutionaries with economic assistance and arms and munitions; the conflict was also the U.S. Navy's first military action on behalf of a foreign ally. This cross-cultural cooperation was of immense and strategic importance as it helped to bring forth a new nation: Haiti. Diplomacy in Black and White is the first book on the Adams-Louverture alliance. Historian and former diplomat Ronald Angelo Johnson details the aspirations of the Americans and Dominguans--two revolutionary peoples--and how they played significant roles in a hostile Atlantic world. Remarkably, leaders of both governments established multiracial relationships amid environments dominated by slavery and racial hierarchy. And though U.S.-Dominguan diplomacy did not end slavery in the United States, it altered Atlantic world discussions of slavery and race well into the twentieth century. Diplomacy in Black and White reflects the capacity of leaders from disparate backgrounds to negotiate political and societal constraints to make lives better for the groups they represent. Adams and Louverture brought their peoples to the threshold of a lasting transracial relationship. And their shared history reveals the impact of decisions made by powerful people at pivotal moments. But in the end, a permanent alliance failed to emerge, and instead, the two republics born of revolution took divergent paths.
This will be the first monograph-length study of U.S. diplomacy toward Saint-Domingue during the Adams administration. The book offers a detailed examination of the relationship between U.S. President John Adams and Toussaint Louverture, military commander of the French colony Saint-Domingue. Ronald Johnson presents the complex history of the bilateral relations between these two Atlantic leaders representing the first diplomatic relationship the United States had with a government of black leaders. Over the course of seven chapters, Johnson looks beyond the diplomacy itself to find the long lasting effects it had on the evolving meanings of race, the struggles over emancipation, and the formation of an African identity in the Atlantic world. Johnson argues that this brief moment of cross-cultural cooperation, while not changing racial traditions immediately, helped to set the stage for incremental changes in American and Atlantic world discussions of race well into the twentieth-century. Diplomacy in Black and White suggests that President John Adams and his administration abetted the idea of independence for people of color on the island of Hispaniola. This proposal represents an interpretative shift in the historiography. The book illuminates U.S. diplomacy in Saint-Domingue to explain how Americans and Dominguans worked together as relatively equal partners, occupying a similar position within a volatile Atlantic context"--
2005 State by State Guide to Human Resources Law is the most comprehensive, authoritative guide To The employment laws of the 50 states And The District of Columbia. it is designed to provide quick access to each state's laws on the expanding number of issues and concerns facing business executives and their advisorsiquest;the professionals in Human Resources, Compensation, and Employee Benefits who work in multijurisdictional environments. 2005 State by State Guide to Human Resources Law incorporates a large number of substantive changes and valuable additions To The existing material, As follows: The 'Trends and Controversies' section features commentary on many recent development Part 1 includes many new cases to reflect recent judicial decisions defining the parameters of enforceable noncompetition clauses in employment contracts Part 2 contains updated tables on protected classifications under state fair employment; a discussion of the applicability of Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) guidelines to state fair employment practice enforcement; a discussion of the latest judicial decisions that recognize the similarities and differences between federal and state statutes prohibiting discrimination in the workplace; and discussion of recent cases and legislation from California, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, and Washington that recognize differences between federal and state employment laws. Part 3 contains updated coverage of wage and hour laws, including requirements for minimum wage, overtime, frequency of payment, recordkeeping, and employment of minors. Discussion of the Illinois legislation rejecting federal changes to overtime exemptions is also included. Part 4 covers new developments in case law and provides information on recent legislation regarding how to avoid having employee handbooks construed as employment contracts. Part 5 contains revised and updated information about state-mandated employee benefits; information about recent developments in laws regulating payments due upon termination, death, and severance from employment; and new cases dealing with issues that have been the subject of recent litigation under both the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and individual state family and medical leave laws. Part 7 has been expanded to cover important changes to state legislation governing testing for drugs. Business executives and their professional advisors today face an increasingly complex web of law and regulation with regard To The human resources function. Actions of both the federal And The state governments have placed increasing burdens and responsibilities on business relating To The treatment of applicants and employees. And the courts, both federal and state, have also involved themselves in how employers may deal with applicants and employees, importing legal concepts and doctrines of long standing into the domain of the employer-employee relationship.
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