This monograph contains a survey on the role of chirality in ecotoxicological processes. The focus is on environmental trace analysis. Areas such as toxicology, ecotoxicology, synthetic chemistry, biology, and physics are also covered in detail in order to explain the different properties of enantiomers in environmental samples. This monograph delivers a comprehensive survey for environmental trace analysts, analytical chemists, ecotoxicologists, food scientists and experienced lab workers.
This report describes a screening study of in all ninety-nine conventional and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the Nordic environment. In addition, extractable organic fluorine (EOF) was analysed. The latter can provide the amount, but not identity, of organofluorine in the samples, which in turn can be used to assess the mass balance between known and unknown PFASs. The study was initiated by the Nordic Screening Group and funded by these and the Nordic Council of Ministers through the Chemicals Group.A total of 102 samples were analyzed in this study, including bird eggs, fish, marine mammals, terrestrial mammals, surface water, WWTP effluents and sludge, and air. Samples were collected by institutes from the participating countries and self-governing areas; Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.
Description of the project: ... The 2007 report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) identified the Arctic as the region on Earth where the most drastic environmental impacts from climate change are expected (IPCC, 2007). However, even earlier reports (AMAP, 1998; ACIA, 2005) pointed towards the considerable change in climate expected to occur in the Arctic environment. The scientific community has thus raised the following scientific questions: What is the expected extent to which climate change can affect the transport of contaminants into the Arctic, and how will climate change affect the remobilization of deposited contaminants, their bioaccumulation in the food chain, and their biological effects ... . Long-term monitoring of persistent pollutants is an integrated regulatory tool for all circum-Arctic countries and is considered an important scientific component in the AMAP program. For many contaminant groups, continuous monitoring data stretching back over more than 20 years are currently available from Arctic monitoring sites (see Annex 5, Figure A5.1). These long-term data are currently being evaluated as a suitable tool for baseline studies using the patterns and levels of selected contaminants as sentinels for early signals of the expected environmental change in Arctic environments. ... A group of ten scientists representing six Nordic research and monitoring institutions embarked on the scientific endeavor reported here. A combination of literature review, field studies, available data evaluation and model-based research was used to identify early warning signals as well as major future challenges in climate-associated combined effects research in the Arctic. The main focus for the study presented here was placed on POPs (legacy compounds and new emerging contaminants), Hg, and radioactive pollution issues (radionuclides). This study on combined effects of contaminants and climate on the Arctic environment was designed and conducted by AMAP experts aiming to clarify the scientific questions raised above"--ASTIS database.
This report describes a screening study of in all ninety-nine conventional and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the Nordic environment. In addition, extractable organic fluorine (EOF) was analysed. The latter can provide the amount, but not identity, of organofluorine in the samples, which in turn can be used to assess the mass balance between known and unknown PFASs. The study was initiated by the Nordic Screening Group and funded by these and the Nordic Council of Ministers through the Chemicals Group.A total of 102 samples were analyzed in this study, including bird eggs, fish, marine mammals, terrestrial mammals, surface water, WWTP effluents and sludge, and air. Samples were collected by institutes from the participating countries and self-governing areas; Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.
This monograph contains a survey on the role of chirality in ecotoxicological processes. The focus is on environmental trace analysis. Areas such as toxicology, ecotoxicology, synthetic chemistry, biology, and physics are also covered in detail in order to explain the different properties of enantiomers in environmental samples. This monograph delivers a comprehensive survey for environmental trace analysts, analytical chemists, ecotoxicologists, food scientists and experienced lab workers.
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