This book represents research conducted over a two-year period on the politico-diplomatic relations between Italy and the United States in the mid-Sixties and Seventies. Based on conspicuous archival materials from Italian, American and British sources, and on a great amount of secondary literature, it traces an accurate panorama of the Italian political, social and diplomatic developments – from the student and worker protests of 1968, to the killing of Aldo Moro in 1978; from the behind-the-scenes bargains between parties, to the fear of the Communist Party’s growth – during the Premiership of the conservative Christian Democrat, Mariano Rumor (1915–1990). The volume includes an innovative comparison between Rumor’s basic choices of foreign policy and those of the duo Nixon and Kissinger. From here arises the book’s title, where the ‘dove’ is represented by Rumor, a fervent Catholic, a firm anti-Communist, a reliable Atlantist and an indefatigable Europeanist; while the ‘eagle’ is embodied by the Republican Administrations of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford.
The Mediterranean, both a sea and a theatre, has served throughout history as a fundamental crossroads for the political-religious dynamics and international tensions that characterize the various worlds, east and west, south and north, that meet in this basin. Starting from these premises, the present work examines - within a chronological span that goes from the conclusion of the Second World War to the end of Pius XII’s pontificate - the contribution offered by the Holy See and by Catholics from different national contexts in deciphering the role of the Mediterranean Sea within the wider global context. As such, it constitutes a reflection on this geographical space with its peculiar cultural, economic, political, and religious realities by highlighting the role played by the Mediterranean in the elaboration of visions and projects of civilization. This work is the fruit of a wider research programme called Occidentes - Horizons and projects of civilization in the Church of Pius XII. It brings together the work of seven historians from different European Universities.
Providing an updated state of the art report on the effects of the 2003 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform, this volume has a particular emphasis on the governance of institutional changes and national/regional implementation. Written from an agricultural economist's point of view and enriched by the contribution of political scientists and policy makers, this book offers: - an updated report of the European debate on agricultural and rural policies; -an in-depth analysis of the decoupling process of the agricultural financial support in Europe; - an analysis of the CAP implementation in the old and new Europe Member States ; - a discussion on the future scenarios for the European Agricultural Policies Based on a selection of papers from the 109th Seminar of the European Association of the Agricultural Economists (EAAE), this book, with a foreword by Franz Fischler, also includes four commissioned contributions from leaders in the field including Sofia Davidova, Roberto Esposti, Tassos Haniotis and Johan Swinnen.
This text examines the history, organisation and continuing worldwide influence of the International Christian Democratic movement, which currently has nearly 70 parties on five continents. It demonstrates how a religious political movement has acquired such wide political influence.
Elio Petri (1929-1982) was one of the most commercially successful and critically revered Italian directors ever. A cultured intellectual and a politically committed filmmaker, Petri made award-winning movies that touched controversial social, religious, and political themes, such as the Mafia in We Still Kill the Old Way (1967), police brutality in Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion (1970), and workers' struggles in Lulu the Tool (1971). His work also explored genre in a thought-provoking and refreshing manner with a taste for irony and the grotesque: among his best works are the science fiction satire The 10th Victim (1965), the ghost story A Quiet Place in the Country (1968), and the grotesque giallo Todo modo (1976). This book examines Elio Petri's life and career, and places his work within the social and political context of postwar Italian culture, politics, and cinema. It includes a detailed production history and critical analysis of each of his films, plenty of never-before-seen bits of information recovered from the Italian ministerial archives, and an in-depth discussion of the director's unfilmed projects.
The importance of oil for national military-industrial complexes appeared more clearly than ever in the Cold War. This volume argues that the confidential acquisition of geoscientific knowledge was paramount for states, not only to provide for their own energy needs, but also to buttress national economic and geostrategic interests and protect energy security. By investigating the postwar rebuilding and expansion of French and Italian oil industries from the second half of the 1940s to the early 1960s, this book shows how successive administrations in those countries devised strategies of oil exploration and transport, aiming at achieving a higher degree of energy autonomy and setting up powerful oil agencies that could implement those strategies. However, both within and outside their national territories, these two European countries had to confront the new Cold War balances and the interests of the two superpowers.
Tripoli, 1960s. During the years in which post-colonial Libya fell prey to the sprawling greed of the West, Michele Balistreri suffered a succession of blows that would scar him for life. The death of his mother; the unspeakable horror that befell his best friend's family; his father's role in Gaddafi's ascent to power; and the innocent blood pact that would corrupt the course of his future. Rome, 1982. In the wake of a ruinous blunder, a ground-down Commissario Balistreri escapes his regrets through sex, alcohol and gambling. His sole responsibilities are now a stilted investigation into the death of a South American student, and a tiresome obligation - as a gratitude to the man who saved his career - to a rising television starlet needing protection from the pitfalls of fame. As the risks to this girl, Claudia Teodori, begin to rise along with her reputation, the sorrows of Balistreri's past also start to push back into his present. Both of their fates are inextricably linked - and this driven, obsessive young woman must help this damaged detective fight a foe that follows her and refuses to forget him.
This biography of Macchiavelli is widely regarded as Ridolfi’s masterpiece and is based on much material drawn from private and public archives. It presents a fresh interpretation of Macchiavelli’s career and writings and here, for example the dating of the composition of such famous works as the Prince and the Mandragola is established for the first time. This English translation, when originally published in 1963 included numerous correction and additions which brought it up to date with the most recent studies on Macchiavelli and his works.
A true Story of a man who, fatherless and poor faces his life’s challenge, becoming a successful man, a piece of history, from the Avalanche operation with the Americans and Allies’ landing for liberating Italy, to the After War years, Italy’s reconstruction,the spirit of the After War men nowadays. Through the story of Orazio Boccia who in the After War period, in 2008 was knighted for services to industry being awarded the honorary title of Cavaliere del Lavoro, we can see pieces of the history of a time period and of the changes of a country, Italy. A charming book, to read in one breath, the reading of pages telling a real story is exciting, a leap into memory, past, present and future. A human existence in which destiny and hardships are accepted with spirit of sacrifice and hard work, courage, entrepreneurial intuition, passion and hope for the future. A still up-to-date message for the time we are living, which helps us to rediscover the future from our past. Bruno Bisogni and Roberto Race, the authors, write: “A deep, intense, story of passion, suffering and sense of responsibility, told through the eyes and voice of Orazio Boccia born in 1932. Orphan of father, when he was only 11 years old and an only son within a family with 5 children, he finds himself hanging out like a street-urchin with the Americans and the other allied military men. Shut in his town’s orphanage, called the “Enclosure”, he suffered from hunger and from the cold, together with a lot of boys of his age. The eyes of whom has nostalgia for the future and comes from a great life lesson.To go along his life again has been for us a unique experience”.
In 1970s Italy, after the decline of the Spaghetti Western, crime films became the most popular, profitable and controversial genre. In a country plagued with violence, political tensions and armed struggle, these films managed to capture the anxiety and anger of the times in their tales of tough cops, ruthless criminals and urban paranoia. Recent years have seen renewed critical interest in the genre, thanks in part to such illustrious fans as Quentin Tarantino. This book examines all of the 220+ crime films produced in Italy between 1968 and 1980, the period when the genre first appeared and grew to its peak. Entries include a complete cast and crew list, home video releases, a plot summary and the author's own analysis. Excerpts from a variety of sources are included: academic texts, contemporary reviews, and interviews with filmmakers, scriptwriters and actors. There are many onset stills and film posters.
What is it about Tony Soprano that makes him so amiable? For that matter, how is it that many of us secretly want Scarface to succeed or see Michael Corleone as, ultimately, a hero? What draws us into the otherwise horrifically violent world of the mafia? In The Mafia, Roberto M. Dainotto explores the irresistible appeal of this particular brand of organized crime, its history, and the mythology we have developed around it. Dainotto traces the development of the mafia from its rural beginnings in Western Sicily to its growth into a global crime organization alongside a parallel examination of its evolution in music, print, and on the big screen. He probes the tension between the real mafia—its violent, often brutal reality—and how we imagine it to be: a mythical potpourri of codes of honor, family values, and chivalry. But rather than dismiss our collective imagining of the mafia as a complete fiction, Dainotto instead sets out to understand what needs and desires or material and psychic longing our fantasies about the mafia—the best kind of the bad life—are meant to satisfy. Exploring the rich array of films, books, television programs, music, and even video games portraying and inspired by the mafia, this book offers not only a social, economic, and political history of one of the most iconic underground cultures, but a new way of understanding our enduring fascination with the complex society that lurks behind the sinister Omertà of the family business.
In an eclectic career spanning four decades, Italian director Riccardo Freda (1909-1999) produced films of remarkable technical skill and powerful visual style, including the swashbuckler Black Eagle (1946), an adaptation of Les Miserables (1947), the peplum Theodora, Slave Empress (1954) and a number of cult-favorite Gothic and horror films such as I Vampiri (1957), The Horrible Dr. Hichcock (1962) and The Ghost (1963). Freda was first championed in the 1960s by French critics who labeled him "the European Raoul Walsh," and enjoyed growing critical esteem over the years. This book covers his life and career for the first time in English, with detailed analyses of his films and exclusive interviews with his collaborators and family.
A purely political framework does not capture the complexity of the culture behind Italians’ struggle for liberty and independence during the Risorgimento (1815-1861). Roberto Romani identifies the sensibilities associated with each of the two main political programmes, Mazzini’s republicanism and moderatism, which in fact were comprehensive projects for a political, moral, and religious resurgence. The moderates’ espousal of reason entailed an ideal personality expressed by private virtue, self-possession, and a public morality informed by Catholicism, while Mazzini’s advocacy of passions led to ‘enthusiasm’ and a total commitment to the cause. Romani demonstrates that the patriots’ moral quest rested on a thick cultural bedrock, dating back to Stoicism and the Catholic Aufklärung, and passing through Rousseau and the Revolution.
Despite a gradual and sustained decline in the contribution of agriculture to the economies of the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the sector remains socially and politically important. Although agriculture accounts for less than 2% of the gross domestic product of the OECD countries, it occupies over 35% of their total land area. Predominantly rural regions, where agriculture remains particularly important, contain almost one quarter of the population of OECD countries. The past quarter century has witnessed signi?cant changes in agricultural po- cies in OECD countries. Although total support remains high, a shift has taken place from price-linked measures to direct income support, most notably in the European Union. Policies have been adapted to meet pressing social concerns, such as ens- ing food security and improving environmental quality. OECD countries face major economic issues due to the ageing of their populations and the need to adapt to gl- alization and increasing competition from emerging economies. Continued pressure to reform agricultural policies will be exerted by the need to economize on the use of scarce public resources. At the same time, agriculture faces new challenges g- erated by climate change, the “greening” of the economy, increasing scarcity of energy and water, and the demands placed on the food system by an expanding world population.
Roberto Saviano is best known for his work on the Italian mafia, but Beauty and the Inferno also tackles universal themes with great insight and humanity, with urgency, and often with anger. This important collection includes essays on the legacy of the earthquake at L'Aquila, a town at risk of becoming overrun by mafia; on boxing as an escape route; on the life of the legendary South African jazz singer, Miriam Makeba; on an encounter with Salman Rushdie, and a tribute to Frank Miller, author of the graphic novel 300; on Michael Herr's Dispatches. One essay reflects on the aftermath of the publication of his book and subsequent film, Gomorrah, and how his life has been conditioned by the mafia's death threats, and the final essay in the collection celebrates the life of the Russian journalist Anna Politkovskaya.
This book represents research conducted over a two-year period on the politico-diplomatic relations between Italy and the United States in the mid-Sixties and Seventies. Based on conspicuous archival materials from Italian, American and British sources, and on a great amount of secondary literature, it traces an accurate panorama of the Italian political, social and diplomatic developments – from the student and worker protests of 1968, to the killing of Aldo Moro in 1978; from the behind-the-scenes bargains between parties, to the fear of the Communist Party’s growth – during the Premiership of the conservative Christian Democrat, Mariano Rumor (1915–1990). The volume includes an innovative comparison between Rumor’s basic choices of foreign policy and those of the duo Nixon and Kissinger. From here arises the book’s title, where the ‘dove’ is represented by Rumor, a fervent Catholic, a firm anti-Communist, a reliable Atlantist and an indefatigable Europeanist; while the ‘eagle’ is embodied by the Republican Administrations of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford.
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