The research described in this book is based on the premise that human analogy-making is an extension of our constant background process of perceiving--in other words, that analogy-making and the perception of sameness are two sides of the same coin. Foreword by Daniel Dennett While it is fashionable today to dismiss the "bad old days" of artificial intelligence and rave about emergent self-organizing systems, Robert French has created a model of human analogy-making that attempts to bridge the gap between classical top-down AI and more recent bottom-up approaches. The research described in this book is based on the premise that human analogy-making is an extension of our constant background process of perceiving--in other words, that analogy-making and the perception of sameness are two sides of the same coin. At the heart of the author's theory and computer model of analogy-making is the idea that the building-up and the manipulation of representations are inseparable aspects of mental functioning, in contrast to traditional AI models of high-level cognitive processes, which have almost always depended on a clean separation. A computer program called Tabletop forms analogies in a microdomain consisting of everyday objects on a table set for a meal. The theory and the program rely on the idea that myriad stochastic choices made on the microlevel can add up to statistical robustness on a macrolevel. To illustrate this, French includes the results of thousands of runs of his program on several dozen interrelated analogy problems in the Tabletop microworld. French's work is exciting not only because it reveals analogy-making to be an extension of our complex and subtle ability to perceive sameness but also because it offers a computational model of mechanisms underlying these processes. This model makes significant strides in putting into practice microlevel stochastic processing, distributed processing, simulated parallelism, and the integration of representation-building and representation-processing. A Bradford Book
This book introduces a host of connectionist models of cognition and behavior. The major areas covered are high-level cognition, language, categorization and visual perception, and sensory and attentional processing. All of the articles cover unpublished research work. The key contribution of this book is that it focuses exclusively on the advances in connectionist modeling in psychology. The papers are relatively short, and were explicitly written to be accessible to both connectionist modelers and experimental psychologists. Sample Chapter(s). Introduction (96 KB). Chapter 1: A Connectionist Approach to Modelling the Flexible Control of Routine Activities (654 KB). Contents: High-Level Cognition: A Connectionist Approach to Modelling the Flexible Control of Routine Activities (N Ruh et al.); Associative and Connectionist Accounts of Biased Contingency Detection in Humans (S C Musca et al.); On the Origin of False Memories: At Encoding or at Retrieval? OCo A Contextual Retrieval Analysis (E J Davelaar); Another Reason Why We Should Look After Our Children (J A Bullinaria); Language: A Multimodal Model of Early Child Language Acquisition (A Nyamapfene); Constraints on Generalisation in a Self-Organising Model of Early Word Learning (J Mayor & K Plunkett); Self-Organizing Word Representations for Fast Sentence Processing (S L Frank); Grain-Size Effects in Reading: Insights from Connectionist Models of Impaired Reading (G Pagliuca & P Monaghan); Using Distributional Methods to Explore the Systematicity between Form and Meaning in British Sign Language (J P Levy & N Thompson); Categorization and Visual Perception: Transient Attentional Enhancement During the Attentional Blink: EEG Correlates of the ST 2 Model (S Chennu et al.); A Dual-Memory Model of Categorization in Infancy (G Westermann & D Mareschal); A Dual-Layer Model of High-Level Perception (J W Han et al.); Sensory and Attentional Processing: Processing Symbolic Sequences Using Echo-State Networks (M Cernanskcents & P Tino); Neural Models of Head-Direction Cells (P Zeidman & J A Bullinaria); Recurrent Self-Organization of Sensory Signals in the Auditory Domain (C Delb(r)); Reconstruction of Spatial and Chromatic Information from the Cone Mosaic (D Alleysson et al.); The Connectivity and Performance of Small-World and Modular Associative Memory Models (W-L Chen et al.); Connectionist Hypothesis About an Ontogenetic Development of Conceptually Driven Cortical Anisotropy (M Mermillod et al.). Readership: Academics and researchers involved in modeling of cognition, and psycholo
Appendix 2 Suffolk's top 25 townships (1524-5 Lay Subsidy) -- Appendix 3 The Lowestoft manorial chief tenements -- Appendix 4 Sixteenth-century merchant fleet details -- Appendix 5 Fairs and markets in Lothingland and Lowestoft -- Appendix 6 Local place-name derivation -- Glossary of medieval terms -- Bibliography -- Index of people -- Index of places -- Index of subjects
Since its first publication in 1954, The Classical Heritage has become established as a classic introduction to cultural and intellectual history from the Carolingian age to the end of the Renaissance.
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