Robert K. Englund's Books

Archaic Bookkeeping

Early Writing and Techniques of Economic Administration in the Ancient Near East

By: Hans J. Nissen,Peter Damerow,Robert K. Englund

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Archaic Bookkeeping

Early Writing and Techniques of Economic Administration in the Ancient Near East

By: Hans J. Nissen,Peter Damerow,Robert K. Englund

This work brings together current scholarship on the earliest true writing system in human history. Invented by the Babylonians at the end of the fourth millennium BC, this script, called proto-cuneiform, survives in the form of clay tablets that have until now posed formidable barriers to interpretation. Many tablets, excavated in fragments from ancient dump sites, lack a clear context. In addition, the purpose of the earliest tablets was not to record language but to monitor the administration of local economies by means of a numerical system.

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Page Count

210

Publisher

University of Chicago Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0226586596

ISBN 13

9780226586595

Knowledge, Literacy, and Elementary Education in the Old Babylonian Period

By: Robert Middeke-Conlin

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Knowledge, Literacy, and Elementary Education in the Old Babylonian Period

By: Robert Middeke-Conlin

This book examines education as a means to explore knowledge and literacy in the Old Babylonian period. It further employs a new method to research these topics. Contrary to numerous existing studies on the subject, the author examines elementary education globally, that is, in pursuit of Old Babylonian education in its entirety. Typically, education is examined in a piecemeal fashion. It's as if education centered on lexicography alone or mathematics alone. This work encompasses a view about educational content and knowledge systems, as opposed to only specific aspects or branches of them. In doing so, a characterization of institution and society is made possible allowing the work to open new general perspectives on Mesopotamian knowledge, literacy, and education.

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Page Count

159

Publisher

Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3031452267

ISBN 13

9783031452260

The Making of a Scribe

Errors, Mistakes and Rounding Numbers in the Old Babylonian Kingdom of Larsa

By: Robert Middeke-Conlin

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The Making of a Scribe

Errors, Mistakes and Rounding Numbers in the Old Babylonian Kingdom of Larsa

By: Robert Middeke-Conlin

This book presents a novel methodology to study economic texts. The author investigates discrepancies in these writings by focusing on errors, mistakes, and rounding numbers. In particular, he looks at the acquisition, use, and development of practical mathematics in an ancient society: The Old Babylonian kingdom of Larsa (beginning of the second millennium BCE Southern Iraq). In so doing, coverage bridges a gap between the sciences and humanities. Through this work, the reader will gain insight into discrepancies encountered in economic texts in general and rounding numbers in particular. They will learn a new framework to explain error as a form of economic practice. Researchers and students will also become aware of the numerical and metrological basis for calculation in these writings and how the scribes themselves conceptualized value. This work fills a void in Assyriological studies. It provides a methodology to explore, understand, and exploit statistical data. The anlaysis also fills a void in the history of mathematics by presenting historians of mathematics a method to study practical texts. In addition, the author shows the importance mathematics has as a tool for ancient practitioners to cope with complex economic processes. This serves as a useful case study for modern policy makers into the importance of education in any economy.

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Page Count

487

Publisher

Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3030359514

ISBN 13

9783030359515

Paths of Fire

An Anthropologist's Inquiry into Western Technology

By: Robert M. Adams

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Paths of Fire

An Anthropologist's Inquiry into Western Technology

By: Robert M. Adams

Technology, perhaps the most salient feature of our time, affects everything from jobs to international law yet ranks among the most unpredictable facets of human life. Here Robert McC. Adams, renowned anthropologist and Secretary Emeritus of the Smithsonian Institution, builds a new approach to understanding the circumstances that drive technological change, stressing its episodic, irregular nature. The result is nothing less than a sweeping history of technological transformation from ancient times until now. Rare in antiquity, the bursts of innovations that mark the advance of technology have gradually accelerated and now have become an almost continuous feature of our culture. Repeatedly shifting in direction, this path has been shaped by a host of interacting social, cultural, and scientific forces rather than any deterministic logic. Thus future technological developments, Adams maintains, are predictable only over the very short term. Adams's account highlights Britain and the United States from early modern times onward. Locating the roots of the Industrial Revolution in British economic and social institutions, he goes on to consider the new forms of enterprise in which it was embodied and its loss of momentum in the later nineteenth century. He then turns to the early United States, whose path toward industrialization initially involved considerable "technology transfer" from Britain. Propelled by the advent of mass production, world industrial leadership passed to the United States around the end of the nineteenth century. Government-supported research and development, guided partly by military interests, helped secure this leadership. Today, as Adams shows, we find ourselves in a profoundly changed era. The United States has led the way to a strikingly new multinational pattern of opportunity and risk, where technological primacy can no longer be credited to any single nation. This recent trend places even more responsibility on the state to establish policies that will keep markets open for its companies and make its industries more competitive. Adams concludes with an argument for active government support of science and technology research that should be read by anyone interested in America's ability to compete globally.

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Page Count

350

Publisher

Princeton University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

140082222X

ISBN 13

9781400822225

Annual Editions: Western Civilization, Volume 1: The Earliest Civilizations through the Reformation, 14/e

By: Robert Lembright

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Annual Editions: Western Civilization, Volume 1: The Earliest Civilizations through the Reformation, 14/e

By: Robert Lembright

This FOURTEENTH EDITION of ANNUAL EDITIONS: WESTERN CIVILIZATION, VOLUME 1 provides convenient, inexpensive access to current articles selected from the best of the public press. Organizational features include: an annotated listing of selected World Wide Web sites; an annotated table of contents; a topic guide; a general introduction; brief overviews for each section; a topical index; and an instructor’s resource guide with testing materials. USING ANNUAL EDITIONS IN THE CLASSROOM is offered as a practical guide for instructors. ANNUAL EDITIONS titles are supported by our student website, www.mhcls.com/online.

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Page Count

212

Publisher

McGraw-Hill/Dushkin

Published Date

ISBN 10

0073516236

ISBN 13

9780073516233

Western Civilization

By: Robert L. Lembright

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Western Civilization

By: Robert L. Lembright

This FOURTEENTH EDITION of ANNUAL EDITIONS: WESTERN CIVILIZATION, VOLUME 1 provides convenient, inexpensive access to current articles selected from the best of the public press. Organizational features include: an annotated listing of selected World Wide Web sites; an annotated table of contents; a topic guide; a general introduction; brief overviews for each section; a topical index; and an instructor's resource guide with testing materials. USING ANNUAL EDITIONS IN THE CLASSROOM is offered as a practical guide for instructors. ANNUAL EDITIONS titles are supported by our student website, www.mhcls.com/online.

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Page Count

228

Publisher

McGraw-Hill/Dushkin

Published Date

ISBN 10

0072968796

ISBN 13

9780072968798

Book's by Robert K. Englund

Archaic Bookkeeping

Archaic Bookkeeping

Knowledge, Literacy, and Elementary Education in the Old Babylonian Period

Knowledge, Literacy, and Elementary Education in the Old Babylonian Period

The Making of a Scribe

The Making of a Scribe

Paths of Fire

Paths of Fire

Annual Editions: Western Civilization, Volume 1: The Earliest Civilizations through the Reformation, 14/e

Annual Editions: Western Civilization, Volume 1: The Earliest Civilizations through the Reformation, 14/e

Western Civilization

Western Civilization

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