In Courthouse Democracy and Minority Rights: Same-Sex Marriage in the States, Robert J. Hume examines how the democratization of state courts and state constitutional systems has influenced the capacity of judges to protect minority rights. Through an intensive examination of same-sex marriage policy, Hume shows that democratic innovations like judicial elections and initiative amendment procedures have conditioned the impact of judges on state marriage laws. Using a combination of original and publicly available data, Hume demonstrates that "courthouse democracy" has influenced the behavior of state judges, the reactions of the public to state court decisions, and the long-term policy consequences of these decisions, including the passage of state constitutional amendments. Hume concludes that judges will be capable of producing meaningful social change-and protecting minority rights-only when they have the institutional resources that they need to stand against popular opinion.
Judicial Behavior and Policymaking introduces students to the politics of judging, exploring why judges make the decisions they do, who has the power to influence judicial decision-making, and what the consequences of court decisions are for policymaking. Further, this text familiarizes students with the methods that professional political scientists use to conduct research about the courts, including the quantitative analysis of data. Designed for undergraduates and graduate students alike, this accessible and engaging text provides a thorough introduction to the world of judicial politics.
David Hume (1711–1776) swam in the eighteenth-century philosophic waters created and dominated by Scottish Presbyterian thought and politics. Robert Case argues that this reformed environment is expressed, however inchoately, in much of what Hume wrote. Hume’s eighteenth-century views on experience, customs, and common life provide a viable social and political framework for American contemporary life. If the New Testament writer Jude marinated his theological thoughts in the midst of the prevailing Jewish culture of his day in order to arrive at the inspired narrative of his little book, and if the American founding fathers can be said to establish a “Christian” nation, however that is defined, David Hume can be said to have been greatly influenced by the Scottish political and theological pieties of John Knox (1513–1572), Samuel Rutherford (1600–1661) and their successors. Into our post-Christian culture, David Hume’s notion of the power of custom offers a non-religious-based society as an alternative for securing stable, secure, and satisfying social relationships and structures in which Christianity can flourish. Robert Case’s principal objective is to show how Hume’s ambassadorial task of straddling the world of the academy and the world of the main street is relevant for today’s American post-Christian evangelical mindset.
This work, first published in 1985, offers a general interpretation of Hume’s Treatise of Human Nature. Most Hume scholarship has either neglected or downplayed an important aspect of Hume’s position – his scepticism. This book puts that right, examining in close detail the sceptical arguments in Hume’s philosophy.
Why did David Hume feel so deeply about publishing The Dialouges Concerning Natural Religion that he set aside funds in his will providing for its posthumous publication? Part of the answer is that it provided a literary, satirical work responding to his mean-spirited theological critics. In Hume's Presence Robert Fogelin provides a textual analysis that demonstrates the close relationship of The Dialogues with his central philosophical writings and its centrality to his relationship with skepticism. A striking feature of The Dialogues is that Cleanthes and Philo seem well versed in the works of the philosopher David Hume. Their arguments often echo in content--even wording--claims found in Hume's central philosophical writings. Beyond this, the overall dialectical structure of The Dialogues mirrors dialectical developments found in both The Treatise of Human Nature and the Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding: the naturalistic effort to provide a rational defense of religion ends in weakening religious commitments rather than in strengthening them. Nowhere in The Dialogues does Hume address his readers directly. As a result, it may not immediately be clear whether Hume is expressing his own opinions through one of his characters or is using a character to represent a position he wishes to examine, perhaps to reject. The Dialogues is a contest, and Hume, by not speaking directly in his own voice, leaves it-officially, at least-to his readers to judge who, if anyone, wins. The central problem of The Dialogues is to consider what Hume understood by skepticism. The second section of this book examines competing views of Hume's skepticism, concluding with his own remarks. In the Treatise and the Enquiry, Hume says, when consumed by skeptical arguments and reasoning, he finds philosophical nurture in rejoining the practices of everyday life. His famous, concluding remark in The Dialogues about skepticism being the basis for a believing Christian seems cut from the same cloth.
Hume's Skeptical Crisis is a textual study of the shifts in perspective that unfold as Hume attempts to produce a complete science of human nature. In the process, Hume's standpoint shifts from buoyant optimism to profound skeptical melancholy and finally comes to rest at a stable form of mitigated skepticism.
This book is a collection of essays that examine various subjects in which unreasonableness or low standards of rationality substitute sentimentality for sober thought and thereby restrict action. The essays defend the interconnected values of reasonableness and freedom. Contents: Introduction; Method: Irrationality; Morality: Taking Morality Seriously; Vulgarity; Justice, Merit, and the Good; Science and Animal Experimentation; Education: The Irrelevance of Relevance; The Cult of Anti-Rationalism in Education; Knowledge in a University; Reflections of An Elitist; Can the Humanities Help Us?; Words Without Thought; The Captive University; Society: Petty Despotism; Macmillan Publishing Company on Sex and Race; Marcuse's One-Dimensional Vision; More Clothes for the Emperor: 'Mental Health'; Should We Try to Breed Better People?; About Pornography; Life: Death and Dignity.
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