The more I listen to people, the more I lecture, the more I realize how wide is the gap between the people's understanding of the Church and the Church's historical realities." [Introduction] The author seeks to close this gap by critically exploring such areas as: the rich variety of ministries in the early Church; the Crusades; the piety of the Middle Ages; the challenge of the Reformation; the role of the pope; the rise, fall and recent reinstatement of the diaconate; the changing role of women in the Church; and the origins of various liturgies and popular devotions.