Robert E. Looney's Books

Economic Causes And Consequences Of Defense Expenditures In The Middle East And South Asia

By: Robert E. Looney

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Economic Causes And Consequences Of Defense Expenditures In The Middle East And South Asia

By: Robert E. Looney

This book presents a detailed and rigorous quantitative economic assessment, analysis, and interpretation of the causes and consequences of regional defense expenditures in countries in the Middle East and South Asia. It examines the relationship between defense spending and budgetary allocations.

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Page Count

216

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

0429715420

ISBN 13

9780429715426

Handbook of Emerging Economies

By: Robert E. Looney

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Handbook of Emerging Economies

By: Robert E. Looney

A major new volume in the Routledge International Handbooks series analysing emerging and newly emerged economies, including the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) and other likely (Turkey, Indonesia, Mexico, and South Korea) as well as possible (Vietnam, The Philippines, Nigeria, Pakistan, Egypt, Colombia and Argentina) candidates for emerging economy status. Chapters on theories surrounding emerging markets (including the Beijing/Washington Consensus debate) offer an overview of current issues in development economics, in addition to providing an integrated framework for the country case studies. Written by experts, this handbook will be invaluable to academics and students of economics and emerging economies, as well as to business people and researchers seeking information on economic development and the accelerating pace of globalization.

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Page Count

858

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1136267239

ISBN 13

9781136267239

Mexico's Economy

A Policy Analysis With Forecasts To 1990

By: Robert E. Looney

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Mexico's Economy

A Policy Analysis With Forecasts To 1990

By: Robert E. Looney

In the spring of 1976, I had the privilege of serving on a Stanford Research Institute team engaged in examining various facets of the Mexican economy. That study provided the opportunity to visit many government ministries and talk with some of Mexico's leading economists. These professional experiences stimulated me to undertake full-scale research on the growth potential of the Mexican economy, a subject in which I had long been interested and on which I had written from time to time, beginning with my book Income Distribution Policies and Economic Growth in Semi-Industrialized Countries: A Comparative Study of Iran, Mexico, Brazil, and South Korea. 1 The present volume might be regarded as the culmination of this endeavor. The methodological approach here is partly descriptive and partly empirical-illustrative formal models are built on both qualitative and theoretical foundations. To sharpen the issue and put the Mexican economy in perspective, international comparisons are made through-out.

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Page Count

272

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

0429706170

ISBN 13

9780429706172

The Jamaican Economy In The 1980s

Economic Decline And Structural Adjustment

By: Robert E. Looney

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The Jamaican Economy In The 1980s

Economic Decline And Structural Adjustment

By: Robert E. Looney

This book analyzes the main causes of deterioration in the Jamaican economy since 1972 and assesses the prospects for returning to a period of stable growth under an International Monetary Fund Stabilization program. Considering both the role of international economic conditions and domestic policies on Jamaica's economic decline, Dr. Looney compares the viability of the socialist model of development, implemented between 1972 and 1980, with that of the U.S.-sponsored supply side model. He raises important questions about the ability of small open economies to sustain acceptable rates of growth in the existing world economic environment, the effectiveness of IMF Stabilization programs on these economies, the possible impact of supply side development strategies, and the significance of Caribbean Basin Initiative policies for growth and stability in the area.

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Page Count

258

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1000230848

ISBN 13

9781000230840

China’s Belt and Road Initiative at Ten

Country Experiences in the Americas, Oceania and Asia

By: Robert Looney

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China’s Belt and Road Initiative at Ten

Country Experiences in the Americas, Oceania and Asia

By: Robert Looney

This volume assesses China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) as it approaches its tenth year in operation. The programme has gone through a difficult transition since its inception in 2013, with an environment developing in a way utterly unanticipated by Chinese decision-makers. Despite pragmatic adjustments to the BRI, the lack of a firm empirical base has impeded the BRI and led to its demise in many countries. With the accumulation of nearly ten years of project and economic data, it is possible to make an in-depth assessment of the BRI. For this purpose, the study examines the infrastructure component of the BRI in 39 countries, stretching from the Americas to Oceania and, finally, South Asia. The study finds a strong relationship between a country’s progress in improved governance and the quality of its infrastructure. Countries that have benefited from the BRI have simultaneously achieved progress in governance areas, such as the rule of law and control of corruption. By not emphasizing improved governance structures, China condemns many of its partners to failure. Researchers, students, and economic development specialists from Latin America to South Asia and Oceania will find this study a useful departure from the volumes of anecdotal BRI assessments.

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Page Count

141

Publisher

Taylor & Francis

Published Date

ISBN 10

1000799956

ISBN 13

9781000799958

Iraq's Informal Economy

Reflections of War, Sanctions and Policy Failure

By: Robert Looney

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Iraq's Informal Economy

Reflections of War, Sanctions and Policy Failure

By: Robert Looney

Iraq’s economy has undergone profound changes over the last decade, many of which have had significant implications on the evolution of the country’s informal economy. The statist, heavy-handed economic policies of the Ba’athist government concentrated much of Iraq’s productive capacity on nationalized factors, which degraded under the sanctions regime of the 1990s, when both industrial and agricultural production faltered for lack of input. The 2003 overthrow of the regime saw the nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contract by 35 percent and it has recovered little since then, despite US-led reconstruction efforts. The only part of the economy to have survived both Saddam Hussein and the post-2003 period of instability is the country’s informal economy. At the aggregate level, corruption appears to be a key factor in the growth of Iraq’s informal economy. Over the years, corruption at many levels has led to a general reduction in trust on the part of market participants. Furthermore, the reduction in social capital has forced the shift of many transactions from the formal to the informal markets, where intimate knowledge of participants provides some insurance against fraud and non-compliance. Other factors, such as the shortage of energy and electricity and the dangers associated with transport, have caused a number of previously formal businesses to revert to the informal economy. This has been particularly evident in the agricultural sector, the neglect and subsequent demise of which has not only forced many farmers into informal subsistence-type farming, but has also greatly limited the ability of the sector to play its traditional role as a temporary source of employment for unemployed urban workers. The shutting down of many schools and poor quality of education among others, together with low family incomes, have forced many children into the informal sector—mainly as street vendors. The country’s many child labor laws are being largely ignored by the authorities. Meanwhile, women are also increasingly becoming participants in the informal economy. Many have been widowed or abandoned and the informal sector provides their easiest access to income. The high level of corruption in post-war Iraq continues to reinforce these trends. In its latest assessment, the prestigious Transparency International has ranked Iraq as the most corrupt country in the Middle East. In short, the issues require far more than simply organizing and financing a massive construction program. Rather, what is required is the rebuilding of a devastated economy and society simultaneously. In a nutshell, the issues require a development strategy under crisis. This study outlines several areas that require greater attention in the country’s reform program, as well as strategies that might help stem the tide toward informal activity in Iraq. Taken as a whole, these policy initiatives have the potential to not only significantly expand domestic employment opportunities, but more importantly, to do so through the creation of a virtuous cycle with feedback between the domestic market, further reforms and the incorporation of the informal segments of the economy into the formal sector. Ultimately, a rapidly growing formal private sector is essential for making any significant progress in combating Iraq’s vast informal economy and job creation needs.

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Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research

Published Date

ISBN 10

994800891X

ISBN 13

9789948008910

Book's by Robert E. Looney

Economic Causes And Consequences Of Defense Expenditures In The Middle East And South Asia

Economic Causes And Consequences Of Defense Expenditures In The Middle East And South Asia

Handbook of Emerging Economies

Handbook of Emerging Economies

Mexico's Economy

Mexico's Economy

The Jamaican Economy In The 1980s

The Jamaican Economy In The 1980s

China’s Belt and Road Initiative at Ten

China’s Belt and Road Initiative at Ten

Iraq's Informal Economy

Iraq's Informal Economy

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