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Autonomic Nervous System

Chapter 7. Interoception and autonomic nervous system reflexes thermoregulation

By: Robert D. Fealey

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Autonomic Nervous System

Chapter 7. Interoception and autonomic nervous system reflexes thermoregulation

By: Robert D. Fealey

Important conceptual changes concerning human thermoregulation have occurred in the last decade. While the hypothalamus maintains its central role in sensing core temperature and providing connectivity to orchestrate heat loss and cold defense autonomic neuronal mechanisms, it is now regarded as one of multiple, independent thermoeffector pathways that control core body temperature. Recent research in primate central and peripheral thermosensitivity has emphasized the importance of temperature-activated transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and afferent neuronal pathways from peripheral thermosensors that are activated by unique combinations of core and shell temperature. The interoceptive aspects of behavioral thermoregulation have been emphasized including the primary importance of shell (skin) temperature, the concept of thermal discomfort and the important contribution of orbitofrontal, insular, somatosensory, and amygdala cortical regions deployed to anticipate and avoid thermal stress. Clinical testing of human thermoregulation requires afferent stimuli to activate the independent thermoeffector loops while monitoring an efferent response. Patterns of sweat gland activation, amount of sweat produced, and areas of anhidrosis demonstrated by the thermoregulatory and axon reflex sweat testing provide diagnostic information about neurological and medical disorders of the autonomic nervous system.

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Page Count

27

Publisher

Elsevier Inc. Chapters

Published Date

ISBN 10

0128079819

ISBN 13

9780128079812

Companion to Peripheral Neuropathy E-Book

Illustrated Cases and New Developments

By: Peter James Dyck,P. James B. Dyck,Christopher J. Klein,Phillip Low,Kimberly Amrami,JaNean Engelstad,Robert J. Spinner

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Companion to Peripheral Neuropathy E-Book

Illustrated Cases and New Developments

By: Peter James Dyck,P. James B. Dyck,Christopher J. Klein,Phillip Low,Kimberly Amrami,JaNean Engelstad,Robert J. Spinner

The new Companion to Peripheral Neuropathy: Illustrated Case Studies by Dr. Peter J. Dyck, et al, which supplements Dyck and Thomas’ authoritative and comprehensive Peripheral Neuropathy, features illustrated case studies that explore the evaluation and management of the most common peripheral nerve disorders. Leading authorities in the field contribute clues to the diagnosis, clinical features, imaging studies, histopathology and more for each case. You’ll gain new insights into the causes of peripheral nerve disorders to help you diagnose and treat every condition. Offers new insights in clinical and electrophysiologic characterization, imaging, histopathology, and molecular genetics Shows you how abstract diagnosis and management principles apply in real situations Presents more illustrations than any competing reference so you can see disorders as they present in practice Offers expert clues to help you diagnose and manage patients quickly and effectively Provides references to the most significant literature in the field so you can stay at the forefront of this science

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Page Count

384

Publisher

Elsevier Health Sciences

Published Date

ISBN 10

1455711292

ISBN 13

9781455711291