The habitats of most species have been fragmented by human actions, isolating small populations that consequently develop genetic problems. Millions of small, isolated, fragmented populations are likely suffering from inbreeding depression and loss of genetic diversity, greatly increasing their risk of extinction. Crossing between populations is required to reverse these effects, but managers rarely do so. A key reason for such inaction is that managers are often advised to manage populations in isolation whenever molecular genetic methods indicate genetic differences among them. Following this advice will often doom small populations to extinction when the habitat fragmentation and genetic differences were caused by human activities. A paradigm shift is required whereby evidence of genetic differentiation among populations is a trigger to ask whether any populations are suffering genetic problems, and if so, whether they can be rescued by augmenting gene flow. Consequently, there is now an urgent need for an authoritative practical guide to facilitate this paradigm shift in genetic management of fragmented populations.
One of the greatest unmet challenges in conservation biology is the genetic management of fragmented populations of threatened animal and plant species. More than a million small, isolated, population fragments of threatened species are likely suffering inbreeding depression and loss of evolutionary potential, resulting in elevated extinction risks. Although these effects can often be reversed by re-establishing gene flow between population fragments, managers very rarely do this. On the contrary, genetic methods are used mainly to document genetic differentiation among populations, with most studies concluding that genetically differentiated populations should be managed separately, thereby isolating them yet further and dooming many to eventual extinction! Many small population fragments are going extinct principally for genetic reasons. Although the rapidly advancing field of molecular genetics is continually providing new tools to measure the extent of population fragmentation and its genetic consequences, adequate guidance on how to use these data for effective conservation is still lacking. This accessible, authoritative text is aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students interested in conservation biology, conservation genetics, and wildlife management. It will also be of particular relevance to conservation practitioners and natural resource managers, as well as a broader academic audience of conservation biologists and evolutionary ecologists.
The Welfare of Animals used in Research: Practice and Ethics gives a complete and balanced overview of the issues surrounding the use of animals in scientific research. The focus of the book is on the animal welfare implications and ethics of animals in research. It covers the topics with sufficient depth to show a real understanding of varied and complex subjects, but conveys the information in a beautifully reader-friendly manner. Key features: Provides those who are not working in the field with a reasonable understanding as to why and how animals are used in research. Gives an introduction to the ethical issues involved in using animals, and explains how these are addressed in practice. Details the advances in animal welfare and the use and development of the 3Rs principles, and how these have become fundamental to the everyday use and regulation of animals used in research. The focus is on principles making it suitable for an international audience. This book is a useful introduction to the issues involved in laboratory animal welfare for those who intend to work in research involving animals. It is also useful to prospective animal care staff and animal welfare scientists, and to those involved in ethical review. It will help inform debate amongst those who are not involved in experimentation but who are interested in the issues. Published as a part of the prestigious Wiley-Blackwell – UFAW Animal Welfare series. UFAW, founded 1926, is an internationally recognised, independent, scientific and educational animal welfare charity. For full details of all titles available in the series, please visit the UFAW Animal Welfare series website.
With the 13th edition, Wintrobe’s Clinical Hematology once again bridges the gap between the clinical practice of hematology and the basic foundations of science. Broken down into eight parts, this book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of: Laboratory Hematology, The Normal Hematologic System, Transfusion Medicine, Disorders of Red Cells, Hemostasis and Coagulation; Benign Disorders of Leukocytes, The Spleen and/or Immunoglobulins; Hematologic Malignancies, and Transplantation. Within these sections, there is a heavy focus on the morphological exam of the peripheral blood smear, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and other tissues. With the knowledge about gene therapy and immunotherapy expanding, new, up-to-date information about the process and application of these therapies is included. Likewise, the editors have completely revised material on stem cell transplantation in regards to both malignant and benign disorders, graft versus host disease, and the importance of long-term follow-up of transplantation survivors.
Consult the leading text in the field that delivers the information you need to diagnose and treat pediatric gastrointestinal and liver diseases effectively. In one convenient and comprehensive volume, Drs. Robert Wyllie, Jeffrey S. Hyams, and Marsha Kay provide all the latest details on the most effective new therapies, new drugs, and new techniques in the specialty. In addition, the new two-color design throughout helps you find what you need quickly and easily. Full-color endoscopy images to help improve your visual recognition Definitive guidance from renowned international contributors who share their knowledge and expertise in this complex field Detailed diagrams that accurately illustrate complex concepts and provide at-a-glance recognition of disease processes More than 400 board review-style questions, answers, and rationales New therapies for hepatitis B and C, new drugs for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, and an expanded discussion of the newest endoscopic and motility techniques available for pediatric patients The most current information on diagnosing and treating abnormalities of protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism New chapters on pancreatic transplantation and liver pathology The latest surgical techniques for children with gastrointestinal conditions
Consult the leading text in the field that delivers the information you need to diagnose and treat pediatric gastrointestinal and liver diseases effectively. In one convenient and comprehensive volume, Drs. Robert Wyllie, Jeffrey S. Hyams, and Marsha Kay provide all the latest details on the most effective new therapies, new drugs, and new techniques in the specialty. In addition, the new two-color design throughout helps you find what you need quickly and easily. Full-color endoscopy images to help improve your visual recognition Definitive guidance from renowned international contributors who share their knowledge and expertise in this complex field Detailed diagrams that accurately illustrate complex concepts and provide at-a-glance recognition of disease processes More than 400 board review-style questions, answers, and rationales available in the eBook included with your purchase New therapies for hepatitis B and C, new drugs for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, and an expanded discussion of the newest endoscopic and motility techniques available for pediatric patients The most current information on diagnosing and treating abnormalities of protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism New chapters on pancreatic transplantation and liver pathology The latest surgical techniques for children with gastrointestinal conditions
Encapsulated cells offer enormous potential for the treatment of human disease. This work includes detailed descriptions of chemical properties of encapsulation materials, purification, biocompatibility issues and experimental protocols.
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