Modern international law is widely understood as an autonomous system of binding legal rules. Nevertheless, this claim to autonomy is far from uncontroversial. International lawyers have faced recurrent scepticism as to both the reality and efficacy of the object of their study and practice. For the most part, this scepticism has focussed on international law's peculiar institutional structure, with the absence of centralised organs of legislation, adjudication and enforcement, leaving international legal rules seemingly indeterminate in the conduct of international politics. Perception of this 'institutional problem' has therefore given rise to a certain disciplinary angst or self-defensiveness, fuelling a need to seek out functional analogues or substitutes for the kind of institutional roles deemed intrinsic to a functioning legal system. The author of this book believes that this strategy of accommodation is, however, deeply problematic. It fails to fully grasp the importance of international law's decentralised institutional form in securing some measure of accountability in international relations. It thus misleads through functional analogy and, in doing so, potentially exacerbates legitimacy deficits. There are enough conceptual weaknesses and blindspots in the legal-theoretical models against which international law is so frequently challenged to show that the perceived problem arises more in theory, than in practice.
Motor Control and Learning, Sixth Edition, focuses on observable movement behavior, the many factors that influence quality of movement, and how movement skills are acquired.
This book explores in depth the origins, development, and prospects of outlawry and of the relationship of outlaws to the social conditions of changing times. Throughout American history you will find larger-than-life brigands in every period and every region. Often, because we hunger for simple justice, we romanticize them to the point of being unable to separate fact from fiction. Frank Richard Prassel brings this home in a thorough and fascinating examination of the concept of outlawry from Robin Hood, Dick Turpin, and Blackbeard through Jean Lafitte, Pancho Villa, and Billy the Kid to more modern personalities such as John Dillinger, Claude Dallas, and D. B. Cooper. A separate chapter on molls, plus equal treatment in the histories of gangs, traces women's involvement in outlaw activities. Prassel covers the folklore as well as the facts, even including an appendix of ballads by and about outlaws. He makes clear how this motley group of bandits, pirates, highwaymen, desperadoes, rebels, hoodlums, renegades, gangsters, and fugitives—who stand tall in myth—wither in the light of truth, but flourish in the movies. As he tells the stories, there is little to confirm that Jesse and Frank James, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, the Daltons, Pretty Boy Floyd, Ma Barker, Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker, Belle Starr, the Apache Kid, or any of the so-called good badmen, did anything that did not enrich or otherwise benefit themselves. But there is plenty of evidence, in the form of slain victims and ruined lives, to show how many ways they caused harm. The Great American Outlaw is as much an excellent survey on the phenomenon as it is a brilliant exposition of the larger than-life figures who created it. Above all, it is a tribute to that aspect of humanity that Americans admire most and that Prassel describes as a willingness "to fight, however hopelessly, against exhibitions of privilege.
Economic changes and political changes which emerged with the modern capitalist world-economy were accompanied in the sociocultural domain by changes in the structures of knowledge. These included the hierarchical separation of the realm of facts from that of values, institutionalized as a division between the sciences and the humanities. The social sciences responded to contradictions inherent in this structure over the nineteenth century in producing knowledge on which policy decisions could be based. The problems of the contemporary period indicate we are in a long-term, structural crisis. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the theoretical frameworks and methodological approaches through which social analysts and observers alike seek to understand the world. Since the 1960s, developments in the field of knowledge, especially two movements complexity studies in the natural sciences and cultural studies in the humanities have contested the naturalized, essentialist boundaries separating the sciences, the social sciences and the humanities. The primary rationale for this work is to recognize the inseparable whole composed of the material structures of the world and the structures of knowledge that govern what actions may be deemed legitimate and effective. 'Knowledge Matters' discusses what actions will actually be undertaken by social agents, and what such an approach means for an analysis of the present situation in terms of imagining and evaluating possible futures.
This title was first published in 2001. After languishing for decades in the domains of rigid doctrinalism and confusing theory, the conflict of laws is increasingly being recognized as an important area of law to a global community. To demonstrate its importance, Michael Whincop and Mary Keyes transcend the divide between the English pragmatic tradition and the circularity of American policy-based theory. They argue that the law governing multistage conflicts can minimize the social costs of litigation, increase the extent of co-ordination, facilitate private ordering and limit regulatory monopolies and cross-border spillovers. Pragmatic in outlook and economic in methodology, they pursue these themes across a broad range of doctrinal issues and offer valuable links to parallel analyses in domestic contexts.
Published in 1988, this bibliography focuses on four main areas; descriptions of the computer and its effects on human thinking and learning, computers in teaching situations, problems arising from the use of computers, and examinations of the future use of computers in education. Publications with relevant information are included, and in some cases studies have been annotated to provide more information on the citation. The bibliography presents researchers with a listing of primary and secondary sources detailing the role of the computer in education from 1975 to 1986. Short term, as well as longitudinal works are included, across all formats including articles, reviews, dissertations and books.
Separation and divorce have become an inevitable factor in American society. Even those of us who have not experienced these events di rectly have been touched by them through association with parents, friends, neighbors, or co-workers. Frequently, we have observed these individuals express a variety of negative emotions, including insecurity, anxiety, depression, fear, and anger. If children are involved, their par ents' decisions and often dysfunctional maneuvers in this matter will most likely have a profound affect on them. One such decision will be with whom they will live. Although the great majority of children will live with their mothers following a divorce, this arrangement is no longer accepted as inevitable. Changes such as an ever-increasing num ber of mothers with full-time out of home employment and research supporting the significance and competence of fathers in child rearing have led many observers to challenge the assumption of maternal supe riority. These changes, as well as those related to the law and child cus tody, for example the increased acceptability of a joint custody arrange ment, have complicated the process of deciding where a child should live after his or her parents' divorce. Consequently, others are fre quently called upon to assist in the decision making and render an opin ion concerning custody and visitation. By and large these individuals will be members of the mental health profession.
Updated to account for the extraordinary developments of the last five years, the Fifth Edition of Culture Counts offers a concise introduction to anthropology that illustrates why culture matters in our understanding of humanity and the world around us. Serena Nanda and Richard L. Warms draw students in with engaging ethnographic stories and a conversational writing style that encourages them to interact cross-culturally, solve problems, and effect positive change.
This is a book about patient care. It emphasizes the importance of good communications as an implicit and necessary component of care in clinical practice, and advocates a mutually negotiated and open style of communication. Focusing on the needs of both adults and children, this book contains specific recommendations for communication approaches relating to questioning styles, giving information, handling difficult questions, and breaking bad news. Theoretical issues are also addressed and many clinical situations (such as pain, cancer and terminal illness) are included for illustration purposes. It is written for doctors, nurses and other clinical practitioners who may want to further develop their communication skills, and is particularly suitable for medical and nursing students. It will also be of use to consumers of health services who are increasingly coming to expect more considerate communications in health care.
The Process: A New Foundation in Art and Design is a compendium of 13 experimental projects designed to teach conceptual thinking and problem solving to art and design students. The projects, created by Judith Wilde and Richard Wilde, focus on developing formal excellence and a strong sense of aesthetics, along with the ability to generate new ideas. Each project is illustrated with multiple visual solutions, provided to inspire creativity and illustrate that there can be multiple solutions to a single problem.
A mine of information and expertise packed with valuable practice tips; this is the most current and comprehensive single-volume estate planning resource available. Providing theoretical grounding and a practice-oriented approach, Price shows how to handle the full range of estate planning problems and techniques.
From decolonization and democratization to religion and gender, Politics and Culture in the Developing World is a comprehensive survey of the global context of development. With in-depth and current examples from Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East., this text examines the central political themes in the developing world. Throughout, Politics and Culture in the Developing World demonstrates how globalization both accelerates change and increases interdependence between developing and developed countries.
The Evolution of the Trade Regime offers a comprehensive political-economic history of the development of the world's multilateral trade institutions, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and its successor, the World Trade Organization (WTO). While other books confine themselves to describing contemporary GATT/WTO legal rules or analyzing their economic logic, this is the first to explain the logic and development behind these rules. The book begins by examining the institutions' rules, principles, practices, and norms from their genesis in the early postwar period to the present. It evaluates the extent to which changes in these institutional attributes have helped maintain or rebuild domestic constituencies for open markets. The book considers these questions by looking at the political, legal, and economic foundations of the trade regime from many angles. The authors conclude that throughout most of GATT/WTO history, power politics fundamentally shaped the creation and evolution of the GATT/WTO system. Yet in recent years, many aspects of the trade regime have failed to keep pace with shifts in underlying material interests and ideas, and the challenges presented by expanding membership and preferential trade agreements.
Winner of the 2002 Alice L. Beeman Research Award for Outstanding Writing about Communications from the Council for Advancement and Support of Education Among higher education institutions in the United States, for-profit colleges and universities have steadily captured a larger share of the student market. A recent trend at for-profit institutions is the coupling of job training with accredited academic programs that offer traditional baccalaureate, professional, and graduate degrees. Richard Ruch, with administrative experience in both the nonprofit and for-profit sectors of higher education, takes us inside these new for-profit institutions, describing who teaches there, who enrolls and why, and how the for-profits are managed and by whom. He analyzes their different structures, services, and outlook on higher learning and training, and explains in detail how they make profits from tuition income. In Higher Ed, Inc., Ruch opens up the discussion about for-profit higher education from the perspective of a participant-observer. Focusing on five providers—the Apollo Group (the University of Phoenix); Argosy Education Group (the American Schools of Professional Psychology); DeVry, Inc. (DeVry Institutes of Technology); Education Management Corporation (the Art Institutes International); and Strayer Education (Strayer University)—he conveys for the first time what it feels like to be inside this new kind of American institution. He is also candid about the less attractive aspects of the for-profit colleges, including what those who enroll may give up. As Ruch makes clear, the major for-profit colleges and universities offer a different approach to higher education—one that may be increasingly influential in the future.
Approximately 29 million Americans are diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes annually. Of that number, only about 36 percent (10.44 million diabetes sufferers) achieve satisfactory medical outcomes and would need additional help—rarely available—to reliably control their glucose levels. Contrary to popular belief, although anti-diabetic medications can lower sugar levels, nevertheless they have a poor performance track record because inflammation in the blood vessels persists. This book details recent scientific findings that cardiovascular, kidney, vision, peripheral nervous system, and other body damage caused by chronic high levels of blood sugar (hyperglycemia) in Type 2 diabetes is actually due to excessive generation of unopposed free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These, in turn, cause chronic systemic inflammation and dysfunction of the endothelial lining of the arterial blood vessels, jeopardizing the formation of the protective molecule nitric oxide (NO), thus severely impairing the blood supply to every organ and tissue in the body. This book also catalogues the evidence that chronic hyperglycemia causes profound and often irreversible damage—even long before Type 2 diabetes has been diagnosed. In addition, because conventional prescription treatments are, unfortunately, often inadequate, the book details evidence-based complementary means of blood sugar control.
This text atlas, now in its second edition, presents in simplest form the basic diagnostic criteria used by the electron microscopist in studying neoplasms and other diseases encountered in the routine practice of pathology. Every field of electron microscopy is covered and low magnification plates are juxtaposed with higher magnifications to illustrate diagnostic features. The largest section of the book is devoted to neoplasms as this is the area in which most diagnostic problems occur. Renal glomerular disease is another important category in which ultrastructural study may be critical in diagnosis; infectious diseases, especially those of viral, protozoan, and unusual bacterial etiologies, are a third area in which electron microscopy may be used to establish or susbstantiate a diagnosis. All of these areas are comprehensively covered with concise, readable text and more than 800 first-quality images. This book is the preeminent reference for pathologists needing current information on the role of ultrastructure in diagnostic pathology.
Portable and high yield, Pediatric Secrets is perfect for use in clinical rotations, exam prep, or as a handy clinical reference. Drs. Richard A. Polin and Mark F. Ditmar present the essential questions and answers to help you better meet the challenges you face every day, while updated chapters highlight the latest standards in pediatric care. A bestselling volume in the Secret Series®, its Q&A format, helpful lists and tables, mnemonics, and informal tone combine to make reference fast, easy, and enjoyable. - "Key Points" boxes and a highly detailed index allow you to find information quickly and easily. - Unique Q&A format expedites learning and retention. - Top 100 Secrets section combines the top 100, high-yield facts into one chapter, providing a concise overview of the latest issues in pediatrics. - High-yield content is ideal for exam preparation. - Provides the current standards of care for pediatric students and practitioners. - Updated chapters reflect the latest advances in pediatrics. - Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience gives access to the text, figures, references, and additional content on a variety of devices.
The purpose of this edition, like that of the earlier ones, is to provide the basis for a deeper understanding of the structures of organic compounds and the mechanisms of organic reactions. The level is aimed at advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students. Our goals are to solidify the student's understanding of basic concepts provided by an introduction to organic chemistry and to present more information and detail, including quantitative information, than can be presented in the first course in organic chemistry. The first three chapters consider the fundamental topi~s of bonding theory, stereochemistry, and conformation. Chapter 4 discusses the techniques that are used to study and characterize reaction mechanisms. Chapter 9 focuses on aromaticity and the structural basis of aromatic stabilization. The remaining chapters consider basic reaction types, including substituent effects and stereochemistry. As compared to the earlier editions, there has been a modest degree of reorganization. The emergence of free-radical reactions in synthesis has led to the inclusion of certain aspects of free-radical chemistry in Part B. The revised chapter, Chapter 12, empha sizes the distinctive mechanistic and kinetic aspects of free-radical reactions. The synthetic applications will be considered in Part B. We have also split the topics of aromaticity and the reactions of aromatic compounds into two separate chapters, Chapters 9 and 10. This may facilitate use of Chapter 9, which deals with the nature of aromaticity, at an earlier stage if an instructor so desires.
Moving world-systems analysis into the cultural realm, Richard E. Lee locates the cultural studies movement within a broad historical and geopolitical framework. He illuminates how order and conflict have been reflected and negotiated in the sphere of knowledge production by situating the emergence of cultural studies at the intersection of post–1945 international and British politics and a two-hundred-year history of conservative critical practice. Tracing British criticism from the period of the French Revolution through the 1960s, he describes how cultural studies in its infancy recombined the elite literary critical tradition with the First New Left’s concerns for history and popular culture—just as the liberal consensus began to come apart. Lee tracks the intellectual project of cultural studies as it developed over three decades, beginning with its institutional foundation at the University of Birmingham’s Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS). He links work at the CCCS to the events of 1968 and explores cultural studies’ engagement with theory in the debates on structuralism. He considers the shift within the discipline away from issues of working-class culture toward questions of identity politics in the fields of race and gender. He follows the expansion of the cultural studies project from Britain to Australia, Canada, South Africa, and the United States. Contextualizing the development and spread of cultural studies within the longue durée structures of knowledge in the modern world-system, Lee assesses its past and future as an agent of political and social change.
Presents a concise handbook for administrators and educators on issues of separation of church and state, zero tolerance, drug testing, and prayer in schools and provides a legal and practical analysis to effectively confronting them.
The United States spearheaded the creation of many international organizations and treaties after World War II and maintains a strong record of compliance across several issue areas, yet it also refuses to ratify major international conventions like the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. Why does the U.S. often seem to support international law in one way while neglecting or even violating it in another? The United States and International Law: Paradoxes of Support across Contemporary Issues analyzes the seemingly inconsistent U.S. relationship with international law by identifying five types of state support for international law: leadership, consent, internalization, compliance, and enforcement. Each follows different logics and entails unique costs and incentives. Accordingly, the fact that a state engages in one form of support does not presuppose that it will do so across the board. This volume examines how and why the U.S. has engaged in each form of support across twelve issue areas that are central to 20th- and 21st-century U.S. foreign policy: conquest, world courts, war, nuclear proliferation, trade, human rights, war crimes, torture, targeted killing, maritime law, the environment, and cybersecurity. In addition to offering rich substantive discussions of U.S. foreign policy, their findings reveal patterns across the U.S. relationship with international law that shed light on behavior that often seems paradoxical at best, hypocritical at worst. The results help us understand why the United States engages with international law as it does, the legacies of the Trump administration, and what we should expect from the United States under the Biden administration and beyond.
Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. The right amount of basic science and practical clinical guidance assists in making efficient and informed decisions. Extensive updates on key topics keep you at the forefront of the field. New chapters on glomerulonephritis associated with complement disorders, interventional treatments for hypertension, renal disease and cancer, and epidemiology and prognostic impact of acute kidney injury. Over 1,500 color illustrations highlight key topics and detail pathogenesis for a full range of kidney conditions and clinical management. Hundreds of color coded algorithms promote quick reference and to help you retain concepts. Over 400 NEW self-assessment questions available at Expert Consult.
This book tells the story of how the very idea of two cultures-the so-called divorce between science and the humanities-was a creation of the modern world-system. The contributors, working from a common research framework, trace the divorce of "facts" and "values" as part of the transition from feudalism to capitalism. This led to a polarization between universalist "science" and the particularist "humanities" and finally to the creation of the social sciences as an uneasy intermediary in this epistemological debate. The book addresses the contemporary attempts to overcome the division between the two cultures that emerge from science, feminism, race and ethnic studies, cultural studies, and ecology, ending with an analysis of the culture wars and the science wars. Contributors: Volkan Aytar, Ay,se Betul Celik, Mauro Di Meglio, Mark Frezzo, Ho-fung Hung, Biray Kolloupglu K3/4rl3/4, Agustin Lao- Montes, Eric Mielants, Boris Stremlin, Sunaryo, Norihisa Yamashita, Deniz Yukeseker.
This Advanced Introduction to Evidence delivers a comprehensive exposition of the major tenets of evidence law, principally from an American perspective. Using the Federal Rules of Evidence as a structural framework, Richard D. Friedman reflects on the underlying policies, psychological perceptions and philosophical viewpoints that underpin evidence law.
This perceptive Advanced Introduction provides a contemporary analysis of Russia’s political system, political institutions and its place on the global stage. Richard Sakwa deftly explores Russia’s emergence as an independent state, examining the structure of its existing political and economic system, its transformation following the constitutional reform of 2020, and the immediate and long-term consequences of the Russia-Ukraine war.
Before the 1st edition of the Textbook of Pediatric Emergency Medicine published, there was no official pediatric emergency medicine subspecialty in either pediatrics or emergency medicine. This book defined many of the treatments, testing modalities procedural techniques and approaches to care for the ill and injured child. As such, it was written with both the pediatrician and the emergency physician in mind. The Textbook of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, has an entirely new editorial board and templated chapters focusing on evidence-based diagnosis and management of pediatric patients in the ED. The book’s content has been rewritten to eliminate and eliminate redundancy, creating succinct sections that pertain to patient care in the ED. Templated chapters include: Clinical Outcomes/Goals of Therapy Current Evidence Clinical Considerations Clinical Recognition: Triage Initial Assessment Management/Diagnostic Testing Clinical indications for discharge or admission, including parental instructions References In the ED, nurses and physicians work closely as a paired team, thus this edition reflects that partnership and offers content tailored to it. Online ancillaries, found in the bundled eBook, include Learning Links for nursing considerations and clinical pathways that outline the key steps to take when managing critically ill patients.
Why is it so difficult to design and implement fundamental educational reform in large city schools in spite of broad popular support for change? How does the politics of race complicate the challenge of building and sustaining coalitions for improving urban schools? These questions have provoked a great deal of theorizing, but this is the first book to explore the issues on the basis of extensive, solid evidence. Here a group of political scientists examines education reform in Atlanta, Baltimore, Detroit, and Washington, D.C., where local governmental authority has passed from white to black leaders. The authors show that black administrative control of big-city school systems has not translated into broad improvements in the quality of public education within black-led cities. Race can be crucial, however, in fostering the broad civic involvement perhaps most needed for school reform. In each city examined, reform efforts often arise but collapse, partly because leaders are unable to craft effective political coalitions that would commit community resources to a concrete policy agenda. What undermines the leadership, according to the authors, is the complex role of race in each city. First, public authority does not guarantee access to private resources, usually still controlled by white economic elites. Second, local authorities must interact with external actors, at the state and national levels, who remain predominantly white. Finally, issues of race divide the African American community itself and often place limits on what leaders can and cannot do. Filled with insightful explanations together with recommendations for policy change, this book is an important component of the debate now being waged among researchers, education activists, and the community as a whole.
Since 1975, Dr. Kenneth Swaiman's classic text has been the reference of choice for authoritative guidance in pediatric neurology, and the 6th Edition continues this tradition of excellence with thorough revisions that bring you fully up to date with all that's new in the field. Five new sections, 62 new chapters, 4 new editors, and a reconfigured format make this a comprehensive and clearly-written resource for the experienced clinician as well as the physician-in-training. - Nearly 3,000 line drawings, photographs, tables, and boxes highlight the text, clarify key concepts, and make it easy to find information quickly.
A commuter's survival guide and a visitor's crash course on the sometimes hilarious, sometimes harrowing reality of Boston driving, The Boston Driver's Handbook: The Almost Post Big Dig Edition offers expert advice and witty encouragement for conquering the streets. This newly revised edition has tips on everything you need to know-from where to park, how to drive in the winter, how to execute the "sidesqueeze" in heavy traffic -and everything you don't necessarily need to know but will love to know anyway-from pedestrian point values (absent-minded MIT professor, 2 points; mayor, 10 points) to the best accident excuses of all time. With the latest information on the confusion caused by Boston's "Central Artery Relocation Project," The Boston Driver's Handbook is as practical as it is entertaining, making it a must-have for the tourist and the Boston native alike.
For more than 30 years, the highly regarded Secrets Series® has provided students and practitioners in all areas of health care with concise, focused, and engaging resources for quick reference and exam review. Written by Drs. Richard A. Polin and Mark F. Ditmar, Pediatric Secrets, 7th Edition, features the Secrets' popular question-and-answer format that also includes lists, tables, pearls, memory aids, and an easy-to-read style – making inquiry, reference, and review quick, easy, and enjoyable. - The proven Secrets Series® format gives you the most return for your time – succinct, easy to read, engaging, and highly effective. - Fully revised and updated throughout, including protocols and guidelines that are continuously evolving and that increasingly dictate best practices. - Practical, up-to-date coverage of the full range of essential topics in the practice of pediatrics. - Top 100 Secrets and Key Points boxes provide a fast overview of the secrets you must know for success in practice and on exams. - Features bulleted lists, mnemonics, practical tips from leaders in the field – all providing a concise overview of important board-relevant content. - Portable size makes it easy to carry with you for quick reference or review anywhere, anytime.
In a political climate where the machinery of the federal government has grown increasingly complex, The Power to Legislate offers a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the extent and limitations of legislative power granted by the U. S. Constitution. By examining the historical development of the Constitution as well as judicial precedent set by the Supreme Court, Richard E. Levy develops a systematic account of federal legislative power that is ideal for anyone interested in constitutional history and political science. Levy focuses his investigation on three distinct, yet related, aspects of federal legislative power: the necessary and proper clause of Article I, the delegation of powers to the various federal institutions, and the deliberative powers of Congress to conduct investigations and interrogations. The Power to Legislate synthesizes these three crucial ideas into a fresh perspective that sheds light on today's controversies.
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