This book discusses and summarizes the revived interest in reality issues (ontology) within accounting, economics, and the information sciences, with a view to informing scholars from these different disciplines about each other’s endeavours in ontological research. Even more importantly, the book aims at familiarizing scholars from various disciplines with an evolutionary approach for examining questions about reality in the social sciences. The book is based on a partly pluralistic approach that assures unity in diversity. Unity, because all existence arises from physical reality; diversity, because emergent properties create biological and social realities that cannot be reduced to physical phenomena. Hence, the book recognizes not only concrete but also abstract entities. It shows, however, that the actualization of these abstract entities requires objectification and concrete manifestation. This pluralistic approach is central to this book. It also is a challenge to those who reject abstract entities as socially real, as well as to those who defend a non-realist position. The major task of this book is to explore proposals towards a uniform ontological basis. This uniform and universal presentation extends beyond traditional ontology (asking ‘what is real?’) to such questions as ‘on which reality level is something real?’ and ‘in which (temporal and modal) way is it real?’. Such an extended analysis) is relevant to accountants, economists, information scientists, other social scientists as well as philosophers.
3 great books help you think more clearly about any problem – and transform better thinking into better results – in business, and in life! Three remarkable books help you think more clearly, flexibly, effectively — and transform better thinking into better personal and business performance! Critical Thinking: Tools for Taking Charge of Your Professional and Personal Life offers practical tools for becoming a better thinker in every aspect of your life: in your career, and as a consumer, citizen, friend, parent, and lover. Richard W. Paul and Linda Elder reveal the core skills of effective thinking, helping you analyze your own thought processes, identify weaknesses, and overcome them. The Truth About Making Smart Decisions brings together 50 powerful “truths” about making better decisions: real solutions for the tough challenges faced by every decision-maker, in business and in life. You'll discover how to systematically prepare to make better decisions...how to get the right information, without getting buried in useless data...how to minimize your risks, and then act decisively...how to make better group decisions...profit from mistakes...and a whole lot more. Finally, Now You're Thinking!: Change Your Thinking...Transform Your Life draws on an incredible story of survival in wartime to introduce a model of critical thinking that will help you recognize how your emotions are shaping your actions, evaluate arguments more effectively, and draw conclusions that lead you directly to better life decisions. From world-renowned leaders in the promotion of effective thinking, including Dr. Richard Paul, Dr. Linda Elder, Robert E. Gunther, Judy Chartrand, Stewart Emery, Russ Hall, Heather Ishikawa, and John Maketa
The authors have based the book primarily on data derived from the 1988 Canadian Election Study, for which they were co-investigators. The survey was a "rolling cross-section": a daily tracking of the campaign designed explicitly to monitor electoral dynamics. The multivariate techniques commonly involved in the analysis of campaign data are presented here in an accessible way, as graphs rather than tables. Videotapes of prime time news analyses on CBC, CTV, and SRC outlets, as well as some newspaper commentaries, have been integrated into the survey. This information is contrasted with an analysis of electoral dynamics based on one hundred years of census and electoral data. The authors make a variety of significant arguments about the historical and political basis of the parties' eventual positions on the issue of free trade, the overriding importance of that issue to the 1988 election, the roles of the party leaders, and, perhaps most important, the political impact of campaigns, especially of debates and media coverage. Letting the People Decide brings the study of Canadian parties into the analytical mainstream even as it supplies a new interpretation of a century of elections.
Over the past few decades numerous scientists have called for a unification of the fields of embryo development, genetics, and evolution. Each field has glaring holes in its ability to explain the fundamental phenomena of life. In this book, the author shows how the phenomenon of cell differentiation, considered in its temporal and spatial aspects during embryogenesis, provides a starting point for a unified theory of multicellular organisms (plants, fungi and animals), including their evolution and genetics. This unification is based on the recent discovery of differentiation waves by the author and his colleagues, described in the appendices, and illustrated by a flip movie prepared by a medical artist. To help the reader through the many fields covered, a glossary is included.This book will be of great value to the researcher and practicing doctors/scientists alike. The research students will receive an in-depth tutorial on the topics covered. The seasoned researcher will appreciate the applications and the gold mine of other possibilities for novel research topics.
This new graduate level textbook, Cognition and Acquired Language Disorders: An Information Processing Approach, addresses the cognitive aspects of language and communication. It assembles the most recent information on this topic, addressing normal cognitive processing for language in adults, the cognitive impairments underlying language disorders arising from a variety of neurologic conditions, and current assessment and treatment strategies for the management of these disorders. The text is organized using an information processing approach to acquired language disorders, and thus can be set apart from texts that rely upon a more traditional, syndrome-based approach (e.g., stroke, dementia, and traumatic brain injury). This approach facilitates the description and treatment of acquired language disorders across many neurologic groups when particular cognitive deficits are identified. Other useful features of the text include assessment and treatment protocols that are based on current evidence. These protocols provide students and clinicians a ready clinical resource for managing language disorders due to deficits in attention, memory, linguistic operations, and executive functions. - Unique process-oriented approach organizes content by cognitive processes instead of by syndromes so you can apply the information and treatment approaches to any one of many neurologic groups with the same cognitive deficit. - Cognitive domains are described as they relate to communication rather than separated as they are in many other publications where they are treated as independent behaviors. - A separate section on normal processing includes five chapters providing a strong foundation for understanding the factors that contribute to disordered communication and its management. - The evidence-based approach promotes best practices for the most effective management of patients with cognitive-communication disorders. - Coverage of the cognitive aspects of communication helps you meet the standards for certification in speech-language pathology. - A strong author team includes two lead authors who are well known and highly respected in the academic community, along with expert contributors, ensuring a comprehensive, advanced clinical text/reference.
Historic Photographic Processes is a comprehensive user's guide to the historical processes that have become popular alternatives to modern and digital technology. Though many of the techniques, applications, and equipment were first developed in the nineteenth century, these same methods can be used today to create hand-crafted images that are more attractive and permanent than conventional prints or digital outputs. Fine-art photographer Richard Farber incorporates extensive research with clearly-written directions and resource lists to provide in-depth information on eight of the most enduring processes in photographic history, including salted paper, albumen, cyanotype, kallitype, platinum/palladium, carbon/carbro, gum bichromate, and bromoil. He guides the reader through each step, from selecting the appropriate paper and sensitizing it to exposing, developing, and toning the final print. Each method is accompanied by a short explanation of how it was originally used and its significance in the evolution of photography. Historic Photographic Processes contains more than fifty color and ten black-and-white images that beautifully illustrate each of the processes described. Chapters include an introduction to photographic techniques and applications, such as useful safelights, sizing paper, measuring solutions, exposure controls, ultraviolet light sources, and making enlarged negatives, as well as an extensive section on safety in- and outside of the darkroom. The appendix provides important information on the chemicals discussed, as well as health-and-safety references, supply sources in the United States, Canada, and Europe, and a complete catalog of Internet resources. Allworth Press, an imprint of Skyhorse Publishing, publishes a broad range of books on the visual and performing arts, with emphasis on the business of art. Our titles cover subjects such as graphic design, theater, branding, fine art, photography, interior design, writing, acting, film, how to start careers, business and legal forms, business practices, and more. While we don't aspire to publish a New York Times bestseller or a national bestseller, we are deeply committed to quality books that help creative professionals succeed and thrive. We often publish in areas overlooked by other publishers and welcome the author whose expertise can help our audience of readers.
The face of American education is evolving—and the roadmap is clear On the Rocketship: How Top Charter Schools are Pushing the Envelope examines the rise and expansion of leading charter school network Rocketship, revealing the "secret sauce" that makes a successful program. A strong narrative with a timely message, the book explores how Rocketship started and the difficulties encountered as it expands. Designing schools for children who have been failed by traditional schools is extremely challenging work. Setbacks are inevitable. Later in the book the narrative shifts to the national picture, exploring how high performing charter schools are changing the education landscape in cities such as Denver, Memphis, and Houston. The book emerges just as charter schools are running into stiff political opposition in New York City and elsewhere. Even in San Jose, Rocketship's home base, the pushback against charter schools is gaining speed. On the Rocketship becomes a valuable resource for explaining what's at stake in this battle. Lose these schools, in New York, San Jose and other cities, and low-income and minority students lose their best shot at a quality education. Written by a veteran journalist who followed Rocketship through a school year, the book explores some of the factors that make Rocketship and other charters successful, including the blended learning that was pioneered at charter schools, especially Rocketship. Many schools around the country are looking to Rocketship as a model for implementing blended learning. The interplay between charter schools and blended learning is setting a change in motion, and the American education system is ready to evolve. On the Rocketship details this phenomenon, providing insights for educators across the nation.
Better critical thinking can transform your life and help you improve every decision you make! Now, in just 30 days, master specific, easy-to-learn critical thinking techniques that help you cut through lies, gain insight, and make smarter choices in every area of your life -- from work and money to intimate relationships. World-renowned critical thinking experts Dr. Linda Elder and Dr. Richard Paul show how to overcome poor thinking habits caused by self-deception or out-of-control emotions... clarify what you really want... recognize what you don't know... ask better questions... resist brainwashing, manipulation, and hypocrisy... critically evaluate what you're told by advertisers, politicians, your boss, even your family... and avoid worrying, conformism, and blame. In 30 Days to Better Thinking and Better Living Through Critical Thinking , readers focus each day¿on a specific thinking habit, learning practical strategies for achieving results and keeping a journal of daily progress. Expanded, improved, and easier to use, this new Revised and Expanded edition offers today's most complete and practical plan for using critical thinking to build a better life. ¿ Now You're Thinking will help you build your great life by teaching you breakthrough techniques for thinking far more effectively -- because that's the secret of making better life decisions, whether you're considering refinancing your house or hoping to becoming a better parent or partner. Some thinking processes simply work better than others, and this book teaches you the ones that are proven to work best. The authors start with the extraordinary true story of Amenah, just two years old, dying in an Iraqi village, and in desperate need of complicated open-heart surgery unavailable in her own country. The authors reveal the extraordinary thinking that saved her life, and show how you can use the same approaches to transform yours. You'll discover how to assess your own thinking style, build on your strengths, fix your weaknesses, and gain control of your life. The authors guide you in navigating life's toughest challenges and moral dilemmas...gaining perspective on what really matters..."thinking your way" to work-life balance and financial security...surviving the career game of "ladders and slides"...mastering the art of strategic thinking, in business, and in life.
The most intimate portrait of George H.W. Bush ever published. George Herbert Walker Bush, the forty-first president of the United States and the patriarch of America’s most powerful political dynasty, never wrote a memoir. But bestselling author and Pulitzer Prize–winning reporter Richard Ben Cramer took the full measure of President Bush in his thousand-page epic, What It Takes—one of the most influential and respected works of journalism and biography of the modern era. Drawn from those pages and edited by Cramer shortly before he died, this book traces how seminal moments in President Bush’s life formed his character and foretold his legacy. The result is a loving portrait that remains as fresh, relevant, and insightful as the day it was first published.
This book presents models and statistical methods for the analysis of recurrent event data. The authors provide broad, detailed coverage of the major approaches to analysis, while emphasizing the modeling assumptions that they are based on. More general intensity-based models are also considered, as well as simpler models that focus on rate or mean functions. Parametric, nonparametric and semiparametric methodologies are all covered, with procedures for estimation, testing and model checking.
The major reason forpresentingabiblio ultraviolet light, or which make only a casual graphy on fluorescence and phosphorescence reference to the fluorescence technique were can be summed up in one statement: A recent usually rejected. However, occasionally survey showed that twenty-two percent of all papers of this nature were included because chemical and clinical research was uninten fluorescence methods seem to have unusual tionally duplicated. A comprehensive source potential for the problems discussed. Again, if pertinent papers were missed the authors book of fluorescence and phosphorescence would be grateful to have these omissions techniques is therefore needed not only to suggest ideas for future research, but to help called to their attention. The abbreviations of journal names em decrease needless duplication and expense, ployed in this Guide are those used by and thus to promote the development of both disciplines. Chemical Abstracts. Each paper has been The authors hope that researchers new given an alpha-numericalidentification. Sec to fluorescence techniques will appreciate tion A contains papers published in theyears the convenience of this Guide for obtaining 1950-1953, section B the years 1954-1956, data which otherwise could be found only by section C the years 1957-1959, and section reviewing dozens of papers, many difficult to D the years 1960-1964. Section E contains find, and that old hands will find ita valuable papers missed in the original compilation.
What underlying forces are responsible for the observed patterns of variability, given a collection of DNA sequences?" In approaching this question a number of probability models are introduced and anyalyzed.Throughout the book, the theory is developed in close connection with data from more than 60 experimental studies that illustrate the use of these results.
Richard Williams surveys the history of the cooperative movement from its origins in the 18th century and deals with the theory of cooperation, as contrasted with the 'Standard Economic Model', based on competition. The book contains the results of field studies of a number of successful cooperatives both in the developed and developing world. It includes insights from personal interviews of cooperative members and concludes by considering the successes and challenges of the cooperative movement as an alternative to the global neo-colonialism and imperialism that now characterizes free-market capitalist approaches to globalization. The book considers democratic and local control of essential economic activities such as the production, distribution, and retailing of goods and services. It suggests that cooperative approaches to these economic activities are already reducing poverty and resulting in equitable distributions of wealth and income without plundering the resources of developing countries.
From the day that French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle launched the Griffin in 1679 to the 1975 sinking of the celebrated Edmund Fitzgerald, thousands of commercial ships have sailed on the vast and perilous waters of the Great Lakes. In a harbinger of things to come, on the return leg of its first trip in late summer 1679, the Griffin disappeared and has never been seen again. In the centuries since then, the records show that an alarming number of shipwrecks have occurred on the Great Lakes. If vessels that wrecked but were later repaired and returned to service are included, the number certainly swells into the thousands. Most did not mysteriously vanish like the Griffin. Instead, they suffered the occupational hazards of every lake boat: collisions, groundings, strands, fires, boiler explosions, and capsizes. Many of these disasters took the lives of crews and passengers. The fearsome wrath of the storms that brew over the Great Lakes has challenged and defeated some of the staunchest vessels constructed in the shipyards of port cities along the U.S. and Canadian lakeshores. Here Richard Gebhart tells the tales of some of these ships and their captains and crews, from their launches to their sad demises—or sometimes, their celebrated retirements. This volume is a must-read for anyone intrigued by the maritime history of the Great Lakes.
The transformation of Southern politics after World War II changed the political life not just of this distinctive region, but of the entire nation. Until now, the critical shift in Southern political allegiance from Democratic to Republican has been explained, by scholars and journalists, as a white backlash to the civil rights revolution. In this myth-shattering book, Byron Shafer and Richard Johnston refute that view, one stretching all the way back to V. O. Key in his classic book Southern Politics. The true story is instead one of dramatic class reversal, beginning in the 1950s and pulling everything else in its wake. Where once the poor voted Republican and the rich Democrat, that pattern reversed, as economic development became the engine of Republican gains. Racial desegregation, never far from the heart of the story, often applied the brakes to these gains rather than fueling them. A book that is bound to shake up the study of Southern politics, this will also become required reading for pundits and political strategists, for all those who argue over what it takes to carry the South.
The Language of Graphic Design' provides graphic design students and practitioners with an in-depth understanding of the fundamental elements and principles of their language, what they are, why they are important and how to use them effectively.
What is happening emotionally when we grieve for a loved one? Is there a ‘right’ way to grieve? What effect does grief have on how we see ourselves? The Psychology of Grief is a humane and intelligent account that highlights the wide range of responses we have to losing a loved one and explores how psychologists have sought to explain this experience. From Freud’s pioneering psychoanalysis to discredited ideas that we must pass through ‘stages’ of grief, the book examines the social and cultural norms that frame or limit our understanding of the grieving process, as well as looking at the language we use to describe it. Everyone, at some point in their lives, experiences bereavement and The Psychology of Grief will help readers understand both their own and others’ feelings of grief that accompany it.
Addresses the issues and concerns confronting parents and teachers with ADHD children. The friendly and supportive style of the book is easy for readers to understand and use. Parents and teachers will appreciate the sympathetic approach and expert discussion by authors who have worked extensively with ADHD children and their families in a broad range of setting, including medical, clinical and educational.
This volume traces the modern critical and performance history of this play, one of Shakespeare's most-loved and most-performed comedies. The essay focus on such modern concerns as feminism, deconstruction, textual theory, and queer theory.
The cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae, or gourd family), which include squash, pumpkin, melon, cucumber, and watermelon, have long been of economic significance. As sources of vegetables, fruit, and seeds rich in oils and protein, they have the potential of making an even larger contribution toward meeting the needs of humankind. This book, consisting of 37 papers by 50 cucurbit specialists, emphasizes the practical importance of cucurbit investigation, and also provides a broad overview of the family.
Written by leading experts in the field, Stellar Spectral Classification is the only book to comprehensively discuss both the foundations and most up-to-date techniques of MK and other spectral classification systems. Definitive and encyclopedic, the book introduces the astrophysics of spectroscopy, reviews the entire field of stellar astronomy, and shows how the well-tested methods of spectral classification are a powerful discovery tool for graduate students and researchers working in astronomy and astrophysics. The book begins with a historical survey, followed by chapters discussing the entire range of stellar phenomena, from brown dwarfs to supernovae. The authors account for advances in the field, including the addition of the L and T dwarf classes; the revision of the carbon star, Wolf-Rayet, and white dwarf classification schemes; and the application of neural nets to spectral classification. Copious figures illustrate the morphology of stellar spectra, and the book incorporates recent discoveries from earth-based and satellite data. Many examples of spectra are given in the red, ultraviolet, and infrared regions, as well as in the traditional blue-violet optical region, all of which are useful for researchers identifying stellar and galactic spectra. This essential reference includes a glossary, handy appendixes and tables, an index, and a Web-based resource of spectra. In addition to the authors, the contributors are Adam J. Burgasser, Margaret M. Hanson, J. Davy Kirkpatrick, and Nolan R. Walborn.
The latest installment in the well-received Methods of Soil Analysis series, Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 5. Mineralogical Methods, presents valuable techniques that will enable researchers to analyze mineralogy for a wide variety of applications. An understanding of mineralogical composition provides crucial insight into the fundamental behavior of soils and their response to environmental conditions and management. Highlights include extensive coverage of new techniques, such as X-ray absorption and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and updated chapters on thermal analysis and selective dissolution methodologies. Each chapter provides the basic principles of the method, guides the reader through the method itself, and finally assists in the interpretation and analysis of results collected.
The definitive core text in its field, Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation is a comprehensive reference covering all aspects of stroke rehabilitation ó from neurophysiology of stroke through the latest treatments and interventions for functional recovery and restoration of mobility. This second edition is completely updated to reflect recent advances in scientific understanding of neural recovery and growing evidence for new clinical therapies. The second edition ó which includes free e-book access with every print purchase ó continues to provide in-depth information on the assessment and management of all acute and long-term stroke-related impairments and complications including cognitive dysfunctions, musculoskeletal pain, and psychological issues. It examines risk factors, epidemiology, prevention, and neurophysiology as well as complementary and alternative therapies, functional assessments, care systems, ethical issues, and community and psychosocial reintegration. With contributions from over 100 acknowledged leaders from every branch of the stroke recovery field, this edition features expanded coverage of key issues such as the role of robotics and virtual reality in rehabilitation. New chapters have been incorporated to cover fields of recent exploration including transcranial magnetic stimulation, biomarkers, and genetics of recovery as well as essentials like the use of medication and the survivorís perspective. The up-to-date presentation of scientific underpinnings and multi-specialty clinical perspectives from physical medicine and rehabilitation, neurology, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech and language pathology, and nursing ensures that Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation will continue to serve as an invaluable reference for every health care professional working to restore function and help stroke survivors achieve their maximum potential. New to Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Second Edition All chapters are thoroughly revised and updated to reflect advances in scientific understanding of neural recovery and clinical progress Five completely new chapters and expanded coverage of key issues that drive the field forward New contributions from leading stroke specialists from all involved disciplines Includes access to the fully-searchable downloadable ebook
Neuroscience Fundamentals for Communication Sciences and Disorders is a comprehensive textbook designed for undergraduate neural bases or graduate neuroscience courses in communication sciences and disorders programs (CSD). Written with a fresh user-friendly conversational style and complemented by more than 350 visually rich and beautifully drawn full-color illustrations, this book emphasizes brain and behavior relationships while also ensuring coverage of essential neuroanatomy in an integrative fashion. With a comprehensive background in neuroscience fundamentals, students will be able to better understand and apply brain-behavior relationships to make appropriate clinical assessments and treatment decisions. Neuroscience Fundamentals for Communication Sciences and Disorders is designed to provide CSD students with a broad overview of the principles, processes, and structures underlying the workings of the human nervous system. Extending well beyond traditional neuroanatomy-based textbooks, this publication is designed to satisfy three major goals: Provide neuroanatomical and neurophysiological detail that meets the real-world needs of the contemporary CSD student, as they move forward toward clinical practice, and into the future where advancements in the field of health and brain sciences are accelerating and contributing more and more to rehabilitation.Provide clear, understandable explanations and intuitive material that explains how and why neuroanatomical systems, processes, and mechanisms of the nervous system operate as they do during human behavior.Provide a depth and scope of material that will allow students to read, better understand, and appreciate a wide range of evidence-based literature related to behavior, cognition, emotion, language, and sensory perception--areas that directly impact treatment decisions. Key Features: An emphasis on fundamental information on neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and functional processes using an analogy-driven and relaxed conversational writing style.More than 350 new and beautifully illustrated full-color neuroanatomical and neurophysiological figures that work to bring the written material to life.Content is divided into four major sections that build upon each other to foster a comprehensive understanding of the nervous system from the cellular to systems.Three summary chapters on the neural bases of speech, language, and hearing that help integrate the basic information from earlier chapters with content specific to CSD.Each chapter begins with an introduction and learning objectives and ends with a top ten summary list of key take-home concepts and study review questions.Bolded key terms throughout with a comprehensive glossary of definitions.Clinical Importance boxes highlight clinically relevant disorders and syndromes that compliment topic coverage.Further Interest boxes highlight interesting and exciting facts about the nervous system's structure, physiology, and functionality.Disclaimer: Please note that ancillary content (such as documents, audio, and video, etc.) may not be included as published in the original print version of this book.
The concise, easy-to-understand Neurology for the Speech-Language Pathologist, 6th Edition provides students and clinicians with a practical guide for the study and understanding of neurology in speech-language pathology (SLP). Correlated with clinical syndromes and diseases seen in SLP, it gives you a solid understanding of the nervous system, including: development of the nervous system, organization of the brain, protective mechanisms, descending motor and ascending sensory pathways, and cranial nerves. New content, case studies, and a strong clinical focus make this new edition essential as you move into practice. - Case studies and clinical applications in clinically oriented chapters provide you with realistic clinical applications. - Presents complex information clearly in a concise, easy-to-understand manner. - Clinical emphasis throughout makes this text valuable as you move into clinical practice — and prepare for the Praxis exam. - Evolve companion website has vocabulary flashcards and study questions with answers so students can assess their knowledge. - Key terms in each chapter and an end-of-text glossary give you easy access to accurate, concise definitions. - NEW! Separate section on pediatric speech and language disorders, including a chapter on the developing brain. - EXPANDED! Updated sections on neurodiagnostic and neuroimaging procedures, as well as childhood apraxia of speech, fluency disorders, Autism, and TBI. - NEW! Updated discussion of the anatomy and function of the cerebellum gives you the most current information. - UPDATED! Covers the latest neuroimaging research on anatomy, physiology, and disorders of speech-language. - EXPANDED! Discusses the brain connectivity and the neural network underlying learning and language. - EXPANDED! Addresses motor control for speech production so you stay in the know.
Anatomy of a Liberal Victory: Making Sense of the Vote in the 2000 Canadian Election provides a compressive account of the factors that led Canadians to vote the way they did in the Fall 2000 Canadian election, which resulted in a third consecutive Liberal majority government. The book explains the overall impact that these factors had on how well or poorly each of the parties did in the election. The authors address in particular the following questions: Why was turnout so low? What were Canadians’ perceptions of the economy and how much impact did these perceptions have on vote choice? What were voters' opinions on the major issues of the day and did these opinions affect their decision on election day? What did voters think of the leaders and how much weight did these evaluations have on their choice? EOL The study is based on mass surveys, involving more than 3,000 respondents, conducted both during the campaign and after the election. It also draws on a detailed content analysis of the parties’ messages and nightly news broadcasts throughout the campaign and its aftermath. Academics please note that this is a title classified as having a restricted allocation of complimentary copies; complimentary copies remain readily available to adopters and to academics very likely to adopt this title in the coming academic year. When adoption possibilities are less strong and/or further in the future, academics are requested to purchase the title at an academic discount, with the provison that University of Toronto Press will happily refund the purchase price (with or without a receipt) if the book is indeed adopted.
Explores the contradictory nature of public opinion. Combining political philosophy with a study of political behavior, Richard T. Longoria examines the contradictory nature of public opinion on policy issues. He argues that public opinion is often characterized by dialetheial paradoxeswhen a statement and the contradiction of that statement are both held to be true. For example, a voter may express a desire for a balanced federal budget but also be against reducing entitlement programs, increasing taxes, or any other solution to achieve that goal. Longoria focuses on various social issues and domestic and foreign policies to explore these types of contradictory and incompatible preferences, arguing that they stem from the pragmatic nature of Americans worldview, which prefers expediency over consistency. These inconsistencies are typically called non-attitudes, but Longoria suggests it would be better to call them bi-attitudes. When people have internalized the contradictions and believe in both ideas even when the two are incompatible, they are being transconsistent rather than inconsistent. Transconsistency, Longoria concludes, leads to perpetual dissatisfaction with the political system because the government often attempts to satisfy the incompatible preferences of a two-faced public.
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