Identity documents provide rights to citizenship and social inclusion. They can also generate violence and conflicts. This book explores Côte d'Ivoire's 'ID war' as a paradigmatic case of a citizenship crisis, centered on the access to national identity cards and certificates. Using ethnographic and historical data, it shows how the documentary struggle for citizenship has continued in the post-crisis reconstruction, affecting the new policies of identification and registration based upon biometrics and new technologies. It describes how the latter have been overturned and reframed by the Ivorian society. Focusing on the production and negotiation of legal identities, the book delves into the social life of IDs and biometrics and describes the clandestine world of the 'margouillats', the corrupt brokers of the civil registry, the forms of documentary falsification aimed at taming legal and bureaucratic principles with the requirements of ordinary social life, the hidden practices of state apparatuses of identification and the local machinery of biometric registration, and the self-made censuses and systems of identification used by minorities seeking recognition in the public space. Through these ethnographic descriptions with a specific approach 'from below', the book shows that actual reforms supposed to depoliticize - and in the case of biometric technologies, to de-socialize - identification do not erase its constitutively political dimension. From a comparative perspective, the case of Côte d'Ivoire reveals the unprecedented revenge of the documentary state on the biometric state and encourages us to rethink their dyadic opposition in a more complex triangulation of identification, debt and recognition. Oxford Studies in African Politics and International Relations is a series for scholars and students working on African politics and International Relations and related disciplines. Volumes concentrate on contemporary developments in African political science, political economy, and International Relations, such as electoral politics, democratization, decentralization, the political impact of natural resources, the dynamics and consequences of conflict, and the nature of the continent's engagement with the East and West. Comparative and mixed methods work is particularly encouraged. Case studies are welcomed but should demonstrate the broader theoretical and empirical implications of the study and its wider relevance to contemporary debates. The series focuses on sub-Saharan Africa, although proposals that explain how the region engages with North Africa and other parts of the world are of interest. General Editors Nic Cheeseman, Peace Medie, and Ricardo Soares de Oliveira.
Annotation. Landmark Visitors Guides are acknowledged as among the most reliable travel books for sightseers. Information is detailed, concise and current -- just what you need as you travel around an unfamiliar destination. The informative text is peppered with colorful callouts that highlight places of particular interest -- perhaps a well-known birding spot or a delightful pub down a side road. Liberal use of excellent, full-color maps makes navigation easy, and colorful photos grace almost every page. Landmark Visitors Guides are great reference tools as you plan your trip, and a favorite travel companion while on the road. Area tours highlight in-town sights and attractions, including art galleries, museums, historic buildings and churches. They also lead you out into the countryside, with recommended stops en route. The comprehensive "Fact File" in back provides opening times, fees and contact information for all places mentioned in the text. Index.
In the VISITOR GUIDE series, this pocket sized book, with full colour photography and maps, includes details on hotels, restaurants, shopping and sports and highlights many specific features of the region: the Grasse perfumeries, art, Monaco Grand Prix and special events such as the Juan jazz festival and the Nice flower parade.
The launch of Britain’s “Anglo-Saxon” origin-myth and the first Old English etymological dictionary. This is the only book in human history that presents a confessional description of criminal forgery that fraudulently introduced the legendary version of British history that continues to be repeated in modern textbooks. Richard Verstegan was the dominant artist and publisher in the British Ghostwriting Workshop that monopolized the print industry across a century. Scholars have previously described him as a professional goldsmith and exiled Catholic-propaganda publisher, but these qualifications merely prepared him to become a history forger and multi-sided theopolitical manipulator. The BRRAM series’ computational-linguistic method attributes most of the British Renaissance’s theological output, including the translation of the King James Bible, to Verstegan as its ghostwriter. Beyond providing handwriting analysis and documentary proof that Verstegan was the ghostwriter behind various otherwise bylined history-changing texts, this translation of Verstegan’s self-attributed Restitution presents an accessible version of a book that is essential to understanding the path history took to our modern world. On the surface, Restitution is the first dictionary of Old English, and has been credited as the text that established Verstegan as the founder of “Anglo-Saxon” studies. The “Exordium” reveals a much deeper significance behind these firsts by juxtaposing them against Verstegan’s letters and the history of the publication of the earliest Old English texts to be printed starting in 1565 (at the same time when Verstegan began his studies at Oxford). Verstegan is reinterpreted as the dominant forger and (self)-translator of these frequently non-existent manuscripts, whereas credit for these Old English translations has been erroneously assigned to puffed bylines such as Archbishop Parker and the Learned Camden’s Society of Antiquaries. When Verstegan’s motives are overlayed on this history, the term “Anglo-Saxon” is clarified as part of a Dutch-German propaganda campaign that aimed to overpower Britain by suggesting it was historically an Old German-speaking extension of Germany’s Catholic Holy Roman Empire. These ideas regarding a “pure” German race began with the myth of a European unified origin-myth, with their ancestry stemming from Tuisco, shortly after the biblical fall of Babel; Tuisco is described variedly as a tribal founder or as an idolatrous god on whom the term Teutonic is based. This chosen-people European origin-myth was used across the colonial era to convince colonized people of the superiority of their colonizers. A variant of this myth has also been reused in the “Aryan” pure-race theory; the term Aryan is derived from Iran; according to the theology Verstegan explains, this “pure” Germanic race originated with Tuisco’s exit from Babel in Mesopotamia or modern-day Iraq, but since Schlegel’s Über (1808) introduced the term “Aryan”, this theory’s key-term has been erroneously referring to modern-day Iran in Persia. Since Restitution founded these problematic “Anglo-Saxon” ideas, the lack of any earlier translation of it into Modern English has been preventing scholars from understanding the range of deliberate absurdities, contradictions and historical manipulations behind this text. And the Germanic theological legend that Verstegan imagines about Old German deities such as Thor (Zeus: thunder), Friga (Venus: love) and Seater (Saturn) is explained as part of an ancient attempt by empires to demonize colonized cultures, when in fact references to these deities were merely variants of the Greco-Roman deities’ names that resulted from a degradation of Vulgar Latin into early European languages. Translations of the earlier brief versions of these legends from Saxo (1534; 1234?), John the Great (1554) and Olaus the Great (1555) shows how each subsequent “history” adds new and contradictory fictitious details, while claiming the existence of the preceding sources proves their veracity. This study also questions the underlying timeline of British history, proposing instead that DNA evidence for modern-Britons indicates most of them were Dutch-Germans who migrated during Emperor Otto I’s reign (962-973) when Germany first gained control over the Holy Roman Empire, and not in 477, as the legend of Hengist and Horsa (as Verstegan satirically explains, both of these names mean horse) dictates. The history of the origin of Celtic languages (such as Welsh) is also undermined with the alternative theory that they originated in Brittany on France’s border, as opposed to the current belief that British Celts brought the Celtic Breton language into French Brittany when they invaded it in the 9th century. There are many other discoveries across the introductory and annotative content accompanying this translation to stimulate further research. Acronyms and Figures Exordium Verstegan’s Publishing Technique Earliest “Anglo-Saxon” Texts Published in England “Archbishop Parker’s” Antiquarian Project (1565-1575) The Percys’ Patronage of the Workshop (1580-1597) “Learned Camden’s” Society of Antiquaries (1590-1607) The “Cowell” Revenge-Attribution: Plagiarism and Innovation in Saxon Dictionaries British Pagan and Christian Origin Myths Scientific Evidence and Its Manipulation in Establishing the Origin of Britons and Europeans Critical Reception of Restitution Verstegan’s Handwriting Synopsis Primary Sources The Northern Theological Histories of Saxo (1534; 1234?), John the Great (1554) and Olaus the Great (1555) Text 1. Of the origin of nations 2. How the Saxons are the true ancestors of Englishmen 3. Of the ancient manner of living of our Saxon ancestors 4. Of the isle of Albion 5. Of the arrival of the Saxons into Britain 6. Of the Danes and the Normans 7. Our ancient English tongue, and explanation of Saxon words 8. The etymologies of the ancient Saxon proper names of men and women 9. How by the surnames it may be discerned from where they take their origins 10. Titles of honor, dignities and offices, and names of disgrace or contempt References, Questions, Exercises
Le Morte d'Arthur, The Legends of King Arthur and His Knights, Sir Lancelot and His Companions, Idylls of the King, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Mabinogion, Celtic Myths & Legends…
Le Morte d'Arthur, The Legends of King Arthur and His Knights, Sir Lancelot and His Companions, Idylls of the King, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Mabinogion, Celtic Myths & Legends…
This ebook collection has been designed and formatted to the highest digital standards and adjusted for readability on all devices. The edition contains ten books of incredible & unforgettable tales of King Arthur, The Holy Grail, Sir Lancelot, Sorcerer Merlin, the Excalibur, the Legendary Camelot, Adventures of the Noble Knights of the Round Table, as well as other British Celtic Legends and Myths: King Arthur – An Introduction by H. W. Mabie Le Morte d'Arthur by Thomas Malory The Legends of King Arthur and His Knights by James Knowles King Arthur and His Knights by Maude L. Radford The Story of King Arthur and His Knights by Howard Pyle The Story of the Champions of the Round Table by Howard Pyle The Story of Sir Launcelot and His Companions by Howard Pyle Idylls of the King by Alfred Tennyson Sir Gawain and the Green Knight by Richard Morris The Mabinogion Myths and Legends of the Celtic Race
Le Morte d'Arthur, The Legends of King Arthur and His Knights, Sir Lancelot and His Companions, Idylls of the King, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Mabinogion, Celtic Myths & Legends…
Le Morte d'Arthur, The Legends of King Arthur and His Knights, Sir Lancelot and His Companions, Idylls of the King, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Mabinogion, Celtic Myths & Legends…
This ebook collection has been designed and formatted to the highest digital standards and adjusted for readability on all devices. King Arthur is a legendary British ruler who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defense of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries AD. This Ultimate Collection contains the most important 10 books about King Arthur, The Holy Grail, Sir Lancelot, Sorcerer Merlin, the Excalibur, the Legendary Camelot, Adventures of the Noble Knights of the Round Table, as well as other connected British Celtic Legends and Myths: King Arthur – An Introduction by H. W. Mabie Le Morte d'Arthur by Thomas Malory The Legends of King Arthur and His Knights by James Knowles King Arthur and His Knights by Maude L. Radford The Story of King Arthur and His Knights by Howard Pyle The Story of the Champions of the Round Table by Howard Pyle The Story of Sir Launcelot and His Companions by Howard Pyle Idylls of the King by Alfred Tennyson Sir Gawain and the Green Knight by Richard Morris The Mabinogion Myths and Legends of the Celtic Race
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