Richard Butterwick-Pawlikowski's Books

The Polish Revolution and the Catholic Church, 1788-1792

A Political History

By: Richard Butterwick,Richard Butterwick-Pawlikowski

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The Polish Revolution and the Catholic Church, 1788-1792

A Political History

By: Richard Butterwick,Richard Butterwick-Pawlikowski

The Polish Revolution cast off the Russian hegemony that had kept the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth impotent for most of the eighteenth century. Before being overthrown by the armies of Catherine the Great, the Four Years' Parliament of 1788-92 passed wide-ranging reforms, culminating in Europe's first written constitution on 3 May 1791. In some respects its policies towards the Catholic Church of both rites (Latin and Ruthenian) were more radical than those of Joseph II, and comparable to some of those adopted in the early stages of the French Revolution. Policies included taxation of the Catholic clergy at more than double the rate of the lay nobility, the confiscation of episcopal estates, the equalization of dioceses, and controversial concessions to Orthodoxy. But the monastic clergy escaped almost unscathed. A method of explaining political decisions in a republican polity is developed in order to show how and why the Commonwealth went to the verge of schism with Rome in 1789-90, before drawing back. Pope Pius VI could then bless the 'mild revolution' of 3 May 1791, which Poland's clergy and monarch presented to the nobility as a miracle of Divine Providence. The stresses would be eclipsed by dechristianization in France, the dismemberment of the Commonwealth, and subsequent incarnations of unity between the Catholic Church and the Polish nation. Probing both 'high politics' and political culture', Richard Butterwick draws on diplomatic and political correspondence, speeches, pamphlets, sermons, pastoral letters, proclamations, records of local assemblies, and other sources to explore a volatile relationship between altar, throne, and nobility at the end of Europe's Ancien Régime.

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392

Publisher

Oxford University Press, USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

0199250332

ISBN 13

9780199250332

The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1733-1795

By: Richard Butterwick

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The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1733-1795

By: Richard Butterwick

A major new assessment of the "vanished kingdom" of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth--one which recognizes its achievements before its destruction Richard Butterwick tells the compelling story of the last decades of one of Europe's largest and least understood polities: the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Drawing on the latest research, Butterwick vividly portrays the turbulence the Commonwealth experienced. Far from seeing it as a failed state, he shows the ways in which it overcame the stranglehold of Russia and briefly regained its sovereignty, the crowning success of which took place on 3 May 1791--the passing of the first Constitution of modern Europe.

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506

Publisher

Yale University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030025220X

ISBN 13

9780300252200

The Polish Revolution and the Catholic Church, 1788-1792

A Political History

By: Richard Butterwick,Richard Butterwick-Pawlikowski

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The Polish Revolution and the Catholic Church, 1788-1792

A Political History

By: Richard Butterwick,Richard Butterwick-Pawlikowski

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Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

392

Publisher

Oxford University Press, USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

0199250332

ISBN 13

9780199250332

The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1733-1795

By: Richard Butterwick

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1733-1795

By: Richard Butterwick

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

506

Publisher

Yale University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030025220X

ISBN 13

9780300252200

Book's by Richard Butterwick-Pawlikowski

The Polish Revolution and the Catholic Church, 1788-1792

The Polish Revolution and the Catholic Church, 1788-1792

The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1733-1795

The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1733-1795

The Polish Revolution and the Catholic Church, 1788-1792

The Polish Revolution and the Catholic Church, 1788-1792

The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1733-1795

The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1733-1795

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