Ricardo A. Bitran's Books

The Demand for Health Care in Latin America

Lessons from the Dominican Republic and El Salvador

By: Ricardo A. Bitran,D. Keith McInnes

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The Demand for Health Care in Latin America

Lessons from the Dominican Republic and El Salvador

By: Ricardo A. Bitran,D. Keith McInnes

Spanish summary. The full report examines the public policies of 8 high-performing Asian economies (HPAEs) from 1965 to 1990. It seeks to uncover the role those policies played in the dramatic economic growth, improved human welfare, and more equitable income distribution in Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan (China), and Thailand. HPAEs stabilized their economies with sound development policies that led to fast growth. They were committed to sharing the new prosperity by making income distribution more equitable. Their public policies promoted rapid capital accumulation by making banks more reliable and encouraging high levels of domestic savings. They increased the skilled labor force by providing universal primary schooling and better primary and secondary education. Agricultural policies supported productivity, while requiring only modest taxes. HPAEs kept price distortions in check and welcomed new technology and FDI. Legal and regulatory structures created a positive business environment. Cooperation between governments and private enterprises was fostered. Beyond the fundamentals of accepted macroeconomic management, HPAEs adopted policies at variance with the notion of the level playing field of open-market free enterprise. HPAEs targeted key industries for rapid development. In key areas, resource allocation was strictly managed. Trade in manufactured exports was promoted by government-established marketing institutions. Analysts disagree about the effectiveness of such interventions, but agree that without the foundation of macroeconomic stability and development of human and physical capital, the expansion would not have been so dramatic and sustainable. This report reviews the basic development policies of HPAEs that created macroeconomic stability. It explains why most countries should not use government interventions in today's changing global economy.

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World Bank Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

0821323415

ISBN 13

9780821323410

A Supply-demand Model of Health Care Financing with an Application to Zaire

A Training Tool

By: Ricardo A. Bitran

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A Supply-demand Model of Health Care Financing with an Application to Zaire

A Training Tool

By: Ricardo A. Bitran

Describes a computer model to aid decisionmakers in the health services field in developing countries. As developing countries increasingly depend on user fees to finance health care services, decisionmakers in those countries face the difficult task of developing and implementing cost-recovery systems. In recent years health economists have developed computer models to aid in such analyses. This paper contains a user-friendly computer model on a 3A' diskette which combines information about demand and supply for health care obtained through surveys undertaken in Zaire. It allows the user to enter data from other settings and to simulate various changes in health care financing under a broad range of circumstances. The computer model is provided as a tool for users to assess the impact of health financing policies on health care use and health facility financial performance. The model has been developed in Lotus 1-2-3 and is contained in four spreadsheet files that can be run on any IBM- compatible microcomputer with at least 640 kilobytes of RAM memory. The paper explains in detail the assumptions and theory behind the model, and presents numerous simulations to illustrate how the model can be used. The capabilities and limitations are also outlined, along with a summary and conclusions.

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World Bank Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

0821323423

ISBN 13

9780821323427

Private Health Sector Assessment in Ghana

By: Ricardo A. Bitran

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Private Health Sector Assessment in Ghana

By: Ricardo A. Bitran

Private Health Sector Assessment in Ghana is part of the World Bank Working Paper series. These papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank?s ongoing research and to stimulate public discussion. The private health sector in Ghana is a large and important sector in the market for health-related goods and services. However, little has been documented concerning the size and configuration of private providers and their contribution to health sector outcomes. With better information about the size, scope, distribution, and constraints of private actors, Ghana?s public policy makers

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152

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World Bank Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

0821387472

ISBN 13

9780821387474

Book's by Ricardo A. Bitran

The Demand for Health Care in Latin America

The Demand for Health Care in Latin America

A Supply-demand Model of Health Care Financing with an Application to Zaire

A Supply-demand Model of Health Care Financing with an Application to Zaire

Private Health Sector Assessment in Ghana

Private Health Sector Assessment in Ghana

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