Bachelor Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Economics - Other, grade: 1.0, Copperbelt University, course: Construction Management, language: English, abstract: The aim of this study stands out to be a solution to the current trends of poor financial backing by the government on public funded project. This aim was achieved through delving into the concept of Infrastructure bonds as well as the requirement for applying for this type of bond. The use of a detailed literature review and a questionnaire survey as well as interviews, provided the results of this study by highlighting the fact that Infrastructure bonds are not feasible to finance public Infrastructure in Zambia at the moment. This study underscored the financial gap that exists at present in Zambians Public Sector with reference to Infrastructure Development. Additionally, the key requirement for applying for Infrastructure bonds were a scrutiny of, namely: Structural features; Macro-economic factors; Public finance; External finance; Contractual framework; and Risk management techniques. The study also identified countries that have accessed these bonds and this was achieved through the use of case studies such as those of Kenya in Africa and Belgium and Spain in Europe. The study identified that although, Infrastructure bonds are not feasible at the moment, the most favorable bonds to be used if all the necessary logistics are put in place are the Informed bonds. Therefore, these bonds are a remedy to Zambia’s current financial challenges with regards to Public Infrastructure as well as to contain the unethical practices prevalent on public funded projects.
El Tajín, an ancient Mesoamerican capital in Veracruz, Mexico, has long been admired for its stunning pyramids and ballcourts decorated with extensive sculptural programs. Yet the city's singularity as the only center in the region with such a wealth of sculpture and fine architecture has hindered attempts to place it more firmly in the context of Mesoamerican history. In Lightning Gods and Feathered Serpents, Rex Koontz undertakes the first extensive treatment of El Tajín's iconography in over thirty years, allowing us to view its imagery in the broader Mesoamerican context of rising capitals and new elites during a period of fundamental historical transformations. Koontz focuses on three major architectural features—the Pyramid of the Niches/Central Plaza ensemble, the South Ballcourt, and the Mound of the Building Columns complex—and investigates the meanings of their sculpture and how these meanings would have been experienced by specific audiences. Koontz finds that the iconography of El Tajín reveals much about how motifs and elite rites growing out of the Classic period were transmitted to later Mesoamerican peoples as the cultures centered on Teotihuacan and the Maya became the myriad city-states of the Early Postclassic period. By reexamining the iconography of sculptures long in the record, as well as introducing important new monuments and contexts, Lightning Gods and Feathered Serpents clearly demonstrates El Tajín's numerous iconographic connections with other areas of Mesoamerica, while also exploring its roots in an indigenous Gulf lowlands culture whose outlines are only now emerging. At the same time, it begins to uncover a largely ignored regional artistic culture of which Tajín is the crowning achievement.
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Economics - Other, grade: 1.0, Copperbelt University, course: Construction Management, language: English, abstract: The aim of this study stands out to be a solution to the current trends of poor financial backing by the government on public funded project. This aim was achieved through delving into the concept of Infrastructure bonds as well as the requirement for applying for this type of bond. The use of a detailed literature review and a questionnaire survey as well as interviews, provided the results of this study by highlighting the fact that Infrastructure bonds are not feasible to finance public Infrastructure in Zambia at the moment. This study underscored the financial gap that exists at present in Zambians Public Sector with reference to Infrastructure Development. Additionally, the key requirement for applying for Infrastructure bonds were a scrutiny of, namely: Structural features; Macro-economic factors; Public finance; External finance; Contractual framework; and Risk management techniques. The study also identified countries that have accessed these bonds and this was achieved through the use of case studies such as those of Kenya in Africa and Belgium and Spain in Europe. The study identified that although, Infrastructure bonds are not feasible at the moment, the most favorable bonds to be used if all the necessary logistics are put in place are the Informed bonds. Therefore, these bonds are a remedy to Zambia’s current financial challenges with regards to Public Infrastructure as well as to contain the unethical practices prevalent on public funded projects.
This will help us customize your experience to showcase the most relevant content to your age group
Please select from below
Login
Not registered?
Sign up
Already registered?
Success – Your message will goes here
We'd love to hear from you!
Thank you for visiting our website. Would you like to provide feedback on how we could improve your experience?
This site does not use any third party cookies with one exception — it uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic.Learn More.